Sentuthu: izinhlobo, izici, isitshalo

Namuhla, othomathikhi ukufakwa umlilo alamu ubunjiniyela izinhlelo esiyisibopho yiliphi ibhilidi. ukusebenza yabo ayinamaphutsa akuyona kuphela ukuphepha impahla, kodwa futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, impilo kanye nezimpilo zabantu. Sifike ngesikhathi futhi kunembile umlilo ukuthola kusiza abantu ukuba kuphunywe endaweni ephephile, futhi umlilo imiyalo - ukuqala ngokushesha zokucisha umlilo, ekuvimbeleni ukusakazeka kwalo.

izinhlobo imitshina

Fire imitshina njengengxenye othomathikhi umlilo alamu ohlelweni lenziwe ngendlela yokuba libone umlilo. Kuye isimiso yokusebenza, bahlukene zibe izinhlobo. Ziyakwazi:

• Smoke detector - aphendvule ukubukeka intuthu egunjini;
• inzwa ezishisayo - kucushwa uma izinga lokushisa predetermined weqiwe;
• ilangabi umtshina - ithumba a emisebeni ebonakalayo noma infrared elangabi;
• analyzer - amarejista imikhiqizo amandla omlilo ezifana-carbon monoxide.

Kukhethwa efanele umtshina ivumela kusenesikhathi umthombo umlilo.

Fire umthwalo futhi uhlobo umtshina

amakamelo ezehlukene zinezidingo ngokucacile yabo ekuthuthukiseni lomlilo ukubonakaliswa izici zayo. Esibalulekile umlilo umthwalo - zonke izinto futhi izinto egumbini. Ngokwesibonelo, uyinki noma umlilo ephelezelwa elikhanyayo Ilangabi fuel, okungase iqoshwe ngu ilangabi umtshina. Kodwa okufanayo ilangabi umtshina ngeke aphumelele amakamelo nge isitoreji izinto ezithandwa inkohlakalo, ngibheme kusukela yefilakisi izinto basabela sentuthu.

ethungatha umusi

Okuvame kakhulu kanti ngempumelelo indlela othomathikhi umlilo Ukuthola idetector intuthu. Ngenxa intuthu inqubo amandla omlilo nobuntu izinto eziningi, ezifana iphepha, ipulangwe, izindwangu, imikhiqizo ikhebula, izimpahla ezisebenza ngogesi, nokunye. Lezi nezinzwa lenziwe ngendlela yokuba libone imililo ezihilela intuthu ekushayweni e kusaqalwa umlilo. Imitshina yalolu hlobo aphumelela ngendlela izindlu zokuhlala, izakhiwo zomphakathi, izinqolobane, izinto zezimboni nokushushumbiswa othambekele awuthunqise ekushayweni ngesikhathi omlilo.

Umgomo we operation ye ethungatha umusi

Ukusebenza inzwa flue kuyinto kusakazeka ukukhanya oku microparticles zithunqe. Emitter of inzwa, ngokuvamile LED, ezisebenza ububanzi optical noma infrared. It irradiates emoyeni ekamelweni intuthu, umusi blanketing ingxenye ukukhanya kubonakala kusukela ezinhlayiyeni intuthu futhi wonke uhlakazekile. Lokhu emisebeni zihlakazeke kulotshwe ngesikhathi photodetector. A sekhompiyutha ekucwaningweni isignali ye photodetector ihumusha umtshina usesimweni alamu. Kuye emitter okuhlushwa umamukeli kungase kube iphuzu imitshina kanye komugqa. Amagama amadivayisi yalolu hlobo uqale ngokuthi "SP 212", kwalandela zezinombolo imodeli isiqu. Igama elithi incwadi lumelela igama elithi "umlilo umtshina" Cishe inombolo yokuqala 2 - "Intuthu", inombolo 12 - "optical". Ngenxa yalokhu, lonke eziwuphawu 'SP 212' isho :. "Intuthu umtshina optical"

Spot sentuthu

Ngo amadivayisi yalolu hlobo emitter futhi isamukeli zixhunywe ngendlela izindlu olulodwa ezinhlangothini ezihlukene ekamelweni intuthu. Perforation we inzwa izindlu inikeza Ukungena kwezithikamezo intuthu ekamelweni intuthu. Ngakho, Intuthu umtshina opto-electronic sentuthu uqaphe egumbini ngesinye isikhathi. Izinzwa yalolu hlobo kukhona icwecwe, kulula ukufaka nekghono. kusimo sabo esisemqoka - kungagcini ukuqapha indawo esingeqile 80 sq.m. Ezimweni eziningi, iphuzu imitshina efakwe ophahleni, e ziyakhula, kuye ngokuthi ukuphakama egumbini. Kodwa kungenzeka ukuzifaka odongeni, ngaphansi ophahleni.

Ukuthuthukiswa ethungatha umusi

Kulezi izinzwa, Transmitter futhi isamukeli amadivayisi ahlukene efakwe izinhlangothi ezahlukene egumbini. Ngakho, ugongolo emitter sidlula egumbini alawule intuthu. Ngokuvamile, uhla isinyathelo yalolu hlobo umtshina akuyona ezingaphezu kuka-150 m. Abantu bakholelwa izinto amadivayisi lapho emitter futhi isamukeli zixhunywe e izindlu efanayo futhi izimbazo zabo optical baqondiswa luhamba luye ohlangothini olulodwa. Ukuze usebenzise umtshina ezinjalo kusetshenziswa i kugqame ezengeziwe (reflectors), ogibele odongeni okuphambene bese ibuyisela Lidlulisela ugongolo kuya umamukeli. Ukuthuthukiswa sentuthu ikakhulukazi okokuvikela izikhala ebanzi futhi high, ezifana amahholo, Arenas zasendlini, nemipheme. Basuke ogibele izindonga ngaphansi ophahleni, kurediyetha kwenye odongeni, owamukelayo ngakolunye. Ezingosini zezingxoxo okusezingeni eliphezulu, ezifana Atria, izinzwa ziningana aboshelwe eziyizitezi.

Ukuzwela kwama-inzwa

Umngcele we-ebaluleke kakhulu imishini ethungatha umusi kuyinto ukuzwela kwabo. It ephawula ikhono inzwa wasithatha lokuhlushwa ubuncane intuthu izinhlayiya emoyeni ihlaziye. Lokhu value ulinganiswa dB futhi uhla 0.05-0.2 dB. Umehluko ukubaluleka izinzwa yikhono silondoloze ukuma yayo lapho beshintsha ukuzwela, ukuthengisela voltage, ukukhanya kuma, izinga lokushisa futhi iziphi izici zangaphandle. Ukuze uhlole photodetector usebenzisa ekhethekile laser izikhombo noma aerosols, ukuvumela ukuqapha akude umtshina ukusebenza.

Analog futhi uhlelo addressable

I izinhlelo umlilo alamu, imitshina uxhumeke kwi-ikhebula flat umlilo alamu control panel, okuyinto ihlaziya isimo sabo futhi uma ukusebenza i-alamu. Kuye indlela yokudlulisela esimweni saso imitshina kukhona analog noma ikheli.

Sentuthu ixhunywe iluphu analog parallel, futhi uma abangelwe ngokucijile kunciphisa ukumelana kwabo, ngamanye amazwi, okufutshane-izifunda loop. Lolu shintsho kule ukumelana loop bese omiswe control panel. Njengomthetho, ukuxhumana imitshina analog wenziwa ezimbili wire ikhebula, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi ithola amandla. Kodwa kukhona okukhethwa kukho ezine-wire uxhumano isikimu. Ububi kwalesi simiso ukungabi nakwenzeka kwento ngokuqhubekayo ukusebenza kwezinhlelo idetector, ngaphezu, ngezinye izikhathi ikhiyiwe iluphu drawdown ngaphandle inzwa actuated.

Addressable Intuthu detector electro-optical izici microprocessor ukuthi uqaphe isimo inzwa ulungisa izilungiselelo zalo uma kunesidingo. Lezi izinzwa uxhumeke iluphu digital lapho umtshina ngamunye inikezwa inamba. Esimisweni ezifana on the control alamu iyunithi ithola hhayi kuphela umtshina kwabangela ku idatha kanye ikamelo layo, kodwa ulwazi inkonzo ngempilo, uthuli nokunye.

Ezimweni imitshina kakhulu yesimanje LED, Siyafulesha zabo ukunquma isimo sabo.

Autonomous umlilo imitshina

Ngokuvamile, asikho isidingo ukufaka othomathikhi ukufakwa umlilo alamu, mane nje ukwazisa ngemvelaphi abantu umlilo abangekho egumbini elilodwa. Ngenxa yale njongo, kutsho ukuthi umtshina usu intuthu azimele wodwa. Lezi amadivayisi sihlanganise inzwa intuthu kanye sounder (siren). Uma intuthu zasendlini umtshina kuthola intuthu oluyenza ezwakalayo yazisa abantu mayelana nokuba khona lokuhlala esiyingozi intuthu. Izinzwa okunjalo sizibangela sikagesi - esakhelwe ngaphakathi umthamo webhethri okuyinto kwanele ukusebenzisa iminyaka emithathu.

Lezi imitshina mahle ukufakwa efulethini noma indlu encane. Kwezinye izinhlobo ungakwazi ukuhlanganisa izinzwa e inethiwekhi elincane, isib ngaphakathi efulethini. Umzimba esemqoka yalolu inzwa has a LED inkomba, umbala kanye nokuvama eshaywa ukhuluma ngesimo sakhe.