Sabina Spielrein: izithombe, biography, ukhanda, uthando ukuphila, imibhalo, ucaphuna Spielrein Sabina Nikolayevna. Jung futhi uSabina Shpilreyn

Spielrein, uSabina Nikolaevna Sheftel eyaziwa emhlabeni njengoba umhlaziyi Soviet umfundi Carl Gustav Jung, ilungu Psychoanalytic ezintathu Ezomphakathi nombhali mbono ngemoto elimazayo. Kodwa akukho kancane ezithakazelisayo kuka imiphumela umsebenzi okhokhelwayo, kukhona biography wakhe kanye indlela isayensi.

amaqiniso Ethakazelisayo aqukethe Diaries wakhe futhi ukuxhumana phakathi Jung futhi Freud, eyanyatheliswa ngo-80s zakuqala, okuyinto wadala furore emhlabeni psychoanalysis. Impicabadala yokuphila ukuthi abesifazane namanje ziphakamisa imibuzo engaphezu kwengu-izimpendulo.

abazali Sabina

Shpilreyn Sabina Nikolaevna, ogama lakhe langempela - Sheyve, wabentwana izingane. Wazalelwa ngo-October 25 (Old Style 7 Novemba) e-1885 emndenini sasivumela ocebile. Ngaleso sikhathi babehlala Rostov-on-Don. Ubaba waphikelela ngokuthi indodakazi yakhe sasinganaka sabaqalayo ehlonishwayo e Warsaw, ekhaya we abazali. Ngakho-ke, esikhathini kusuka 1890 kuya 1894 umkhaya wawuba khona.

LikaYise yomkhaya - UNicholas Arkadevich Spielrein (Naftael noma Naftula Movshevich noma Moszkowicz) - Imfundo isazi sezinambuzane, kodwa akusebenzi kule mkhakha futhi baphumelele zokuhweba. Wayengumuntu manufakturschikom nomdayisi feed izinkomo. Kamuva Nikolay Abramovich baba umthengisi wokuqala, futhi ngemva inhlangano yesibili.

Umama, Evva Markovna Lublin (ngemva komshado Spielrein) kwaba wamazinyo ukuqeqeshwa. Yena kwakufanele efulethini endlini yakhe amathathu phansi maphakathi edolobheni, lapho yokubuyiswa efulethini. Yena wayekwenza amazinyo kuze 1903, khona-ke ezinikele nomndeni izingane. uhlanga wakhe kwaba eningi Orabi, kuhlanganise uyise futhi Evvy Markovna.

Naphezu kobukhulu oda lesiko, umndeni wahola yokuphila yezwe.

Ngo-1917, isakhiwo kuhlala khona lezi zithandani Kwadliwa Spielrein.

Isiphetho abazalwane nodade

Uyena owayemdala kunabo bonke abazalwane, uJan, wazalwa ngo-1887. Ngemva kwalokho, waba sezibalo owaziwa amaSoviet nasemakamu unjiniyela, onguchwepheshe Mechanics theory kanye nobunjiniyela bukagesi. Ngu-1921 lapho waba uprofesa, ngo-1933, yaba ilungu ohambelana we-Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Ngo-1934, leli thimba lalimelela zobudokotela wakhe wesayensi lobuchwepheshe. Wayeshade Sylvia Borisovne Ryss.

Umzalwane wesibili, u-Isaka, wazalwa ngo-1891. Wakhetha umsebenzi kwengqondo futhi wafunda e Heidelberg kanye University of Leipzig. Impumelelo ephawulekayo lo mkhakha ulwazi, njengoba asikhumbule lwasekhaya kanye wezesayensi international njengoba psychotechnics kumbhali. Watadisha Psychology umsebenzi, nezindlela zayo ukuhleleka t. N., Kuthathe ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo umsebenzi wenhlangano kwalo ngokwesayensi eSoviet Union. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yena ephethwe All-Russian Society for Applied Psychophysiology futhi psycho-amasu kanye-International Association of psycho-.

Umzalwane wesithathu, Emil, 1899 lokuzalwa. Ngemva kokuphothula University of Don, waba likaprofesa futhi yesikole University of Rostov-Faculty of Biology. Emil kuyinto eyaziwayo kangcono izwe yesayensi ngaphansi kwegama Spielrein.

Bobathathu, naphezu isikhundla salo izwe yesayensi, ngenxa yokucindezelwa zezombusazwe ladutshulwa Isaka ngo-1937, kanti u-Ian futhi Emil - ngo-1938. Kamuva, zonke oyedwa kubo avuselelwa kwakhe.

Ngaphezu kwanoma ubani omunye Shpilreyn Sabina Nikolaevna walithanda nodadewabo omncane Emily. Kodwa ngo-1901, intombazane eneminyaka engu eyisithupha wagula typhoid fever ashona ngemva nje.

Usizi lokukhulelwa Sabina nezinye izimbangela nokugula ngengqondo

Isizathu esikhulu neurosis Sabina kubhekwe kokufa udadewabo othandekayo. Nokho, abanye ochwepheshe Ph.D. ethile Renate Hofer (Renate Hofer), okuyinto waziphatha kwengqondo kanye nokuqondisa, has a nombono ohlukile. Encwadini uRenata "psychoanalyst Sabina Spielrein" biography Heroine wafunda ngokuningiliziwe futhi ahlotshiswe isithombe ngokwengqondo nazo zonke imizwa elithabisako uthando nobuhlungu ingqondo okungathí sina. Ngokusho umbhali, ukufa zikadadewabo wayengeyena yedwa hhayi imbangela ebaluleke kakhulu ukugula lalona wesifazane.

URenata uthi kusukela eminyakeni bokuqala Sabina Spielrein wazibonela isijeziso ngokomzimba kababa, cishe, udlame lwezocansi, ivela abadala. Kwaphela iminyaka emithathu yena uzigcinile iziyaluyalu ingqondo okungathí sina yini abangazange amshiye, futhi umuntu afe esemncane. Uhlobo isandla zoyise kwesokudla, njalo umjeziselani, wazizwa injabulo ezaholela izenzo njalo ngokweqile self-ukwaneliseka.

Ngezikhathi ezithile yena ecabangana ukuthi unamandla angenamkhawulo, futhi yasiza isikhathi sakhe sokwehlisa umoya. Noma kunjalo, iminyaka elishumi elinamithandathu kwathiwa assailed ebusuku ezesabekayo ukusangana, kanye nesishiyagalombili bonke ukuhlaselwa yokucabanga yaqala kwenzeke kaningi, ngemva kwalokho wacindezeleka.

umtholampilo Psychiatric ngoba Sabina

Sabina Spielrein kwaba elilula, neziyaluyalu zezinzwa akazange akuvimbele ukukhandwa wakhe ngo-1903 kuphothula esikoleni samabanga aphakeme nge wendondo yegolide. ugqozi wakhe kwaba imithi, kodwa ngenxa esingamanga kahle ngokwengqondo imfundvo University of Zurich uhlehlisiwe.

Okokuqala Evva Markovna wenza komzamo ukuthuthukisa isimo sempilo kwendodakazi esibhedlela Swiss Dr. Geller entwasahlobo ka-1904. Ngemva kwalokho Sabina wathunyelwa Burgholtsli umtholampilo, ngaleso sikhathi wayephethe UProfesa Eugen Bleuler (Oygen Bloyler).

Kwaba kukhona ukuthi Carl Jung futhi uSabina Spielrein lokuqala aba nomhlangano. Okokuqala, ekwelapheni usinga ngesikhathi intombazane ukuthi eyingoduso ekhanda, bese Jung - udokotela oyinhloko umtholampilo nodokotela kamuva iPhini abakhulu. Ukwelashwa emtholampilo lwathatha izinyanga mayelana 10, kusukela ngo-August 1904 kuya ku-June 1905, ngemva kwalokho ukwelashwa kwaba ambulatory futhi kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngo-1909

Sabina kwaba isiguli yokuqala, okuyinto Jung wazama ukuphulukisa ngosizo amasu psychoanalytic esekelwe eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma Freud sika. Futhi nakuba ekhona izibhelu nesineke nabasebenzi, ephelezelwa ukubonakaliswa yokuzibulala, ukuphathwa waphumelela kakhulu, ukunika amandla Sabine nokuqalisa izinhlelo nezifundo zaseyunivesithi futhi ukukwenza ngo-Ephreli 1905.

umsebenzi okhokhelwayo

Phakathi ukwelashwa emtholampilo Sabina Shpilreyn iqhaza lapho kwenziwa ukuhlola ezahlukene t. H. Esikhathini associative. Elapho ngajwayelana isihloko mqondo Jung sika, elibhekene nomse- ne babhekane nezinga elikhulu of abazi futhi equlekile - bayasangana ka. Ngakho-ke akuyona ngokuphelele zemvelo wukuthi ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa Sabine balithanda wezifo zengqondo, psychoanalysis futhi pedology.

Entwasahlobo ka-1909 Sabine lidlule uhlolo lokugcina futhi waqala ukusebenza Burgholtsli emtholampilo intern. Sonke lesi sikhathi, waqhubeka ukusebenza ocwaningeni yakhe zobudokotela, owawungumnyaka umqondisi yesayensi Jung. Naphezu ube nezikhathi ezinzima nezimnandi ekuphileni kwakhe siqu, entwasahlobo ka-1911, yena bavikela ngempumelelo yakhe futhi ishicilelwe wakhe ephephabhukwini, ogama umhleli kwaba umeluleki wakhe.

Kusukela ekwindla ka-1911 kwaze kwaba sentwasahlobo ka-1912 Sabine kwaba e-Austria, lapho wakwazi awazi Freud sasho (Freud) futhi ungeniswe Vienna Psychoanalytic Society. Wabe wavakashela eRussia izinkulumo, futhi lapho wathola umyeni esizayo - Pavlom Naumovichem (Fievel Notovich) Sheftel.

Ngo-1913 Sabina Nikolaevna baya eYurophu. Kube ayehlanganyela enkonzweni izincwadi, izinkulumo; Wayesebenza ezibhedlela ezahlukene t h at Oygena Bleylera, uKarl Bonhoeffer, Edouard Claparede ..; wahlanganyela psychoanalysis kusukela Freud futhi Jung, waba psychoanalyst Zhana Piazhe.

Ngo-1923 waphindela eRussia futhi wajoyina Russian Psychoanalytical Society. Wathembiswa emisebenzini professional kulo mkhakha, azidalile lezintandane psychotherapeutic wagijima ukuba ubambe izinkulumo.

Ngo-1925, ngesikhathi sokugcina wabhoboka kulowo mhlangano ka psychoanalysts. Ngaphezu kwalokho, waqhubeka esebenza ensimini abakhethiwe, izihloko zabo ezinyathelisiwe.

Kusukela ngo-1936, psychoanalysis eSoviet Union wawuvinjelwe.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amathemba okusezingeni eliphezulu ukusebenza eRussia okuphiniwe Sabina Spielrein. Izilinganiso mayelana nalesi sasivumela eyaziwa kahle, ngakho labuyela "ukusebenza ngenjabulo" - ukwenza isayensi anikezwe injabulo yakhe. Nokho, kule minyaka engu-20 edlule zokuphila abaseSoviet wakhe umbuso washiya ke sokuphila lutho.

imisebenzi yesayensi

Theory Sabiny Shpilreyn elikushoyo isifiso webumbacambili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubuhlobo bobulili kufanele athwale imizwelo eyakhayo, kulapho le nqubo lihlotshaniswa ukuzala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuba elimazayo emhlabeni kwangaphakathi yomuntu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, Spielrein zigcinwe, ngesikhathi isenzo uya kwi nokwahlukana ezithile isiqetjhana main - wesilisa ozuza izici insikazi, futhi okuphambene nalokho. Futhi injabulo nokwesabeka elimazayo kuya kakhulu ucansi drive.

Yingakho ukungqubuzana intrapersonal. Sabina Shpilreyn ngaphawula ukuthi abaningi kwizigulane zakhe ithuba bona isifiso kuphakama ngokwesaba nangokubheka efuna ukuphuma ukwesabeka esivelele zonke, ngemva kwayo kwaba khona lutho kanje ngeke kwenzeke.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, Spielrein okokuqala yaphakamisa umbuzo idrayivu ukufa njengoba isazela eyinhloko yisidalwa esingumuntu, phezu masochism, anonya ingxenye kophawu njengoba isifiso elimazayo.

Sabina Spielrein: uthando ukuphila

Mayelana uthande Sabina nodokotela wakho abazali bafunda ekwindla ka 1905. Umama wentombazane ngisho wafuna Freud baqhubeka ukwelashwa, kodwa azishintshile kwezinye izimo.

Zona efanayo Sabina Spielrein imizwa yayo Jung akukaze zifihliwe, futhi njengoba kufakazelwa okufakwe idayari, wayeze wafuna ingane yakhe. Ehlobo lika-1908, Jung wavuma cute kakhulu intombazane, nokuthi ingasakwazi wokuvimba ekugcineni isifiso sakhe sokuba wakhe (naphezu umkakhe). Kusukela ngesikhathi baqala hlanganani hhayi psychoanalysis kuphela.

Uma ngisebenza umtholampilo ubuhlobo ingxabano yabo iphutha, futhi kamuva, entwasahlobo ka-1909, Jung kwesokunxele umsebenzi. Khona-ke Sabina waqala ukubhalelana Freud. Jung ngemva nehlazo futhi evulekile imininingwane yomphakathi yobuhlobo bawo, wathi wayeyinkosi umsekeli isithembu.

Ngo-1909, ubuhlobo Jung, uSabina uye yaphinde yahlangana ukuze ukusebenza ocwaningeni yakhe. Ngo-1912, yena wangena umshado Sheftel, futhi ekupheleni kuka-1913 babenesifiso indodakazi yokuqala uRenata (Irma uRenata), kanye ehlobo 1926 - intombazane yesibili igama elithi Eva.

Phakathi kuka-1913 no 1925-1926. Sabina futhi umyeni wakhe kazange abekhona. Wayekhona Rostov, ke - eMoscow, kodwa ngemva kokuvukela kombhangqwana uqalisiwe nobuhlobo babo eYurophu kusukela ngo-1924. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi Sheftel abangane nomunye wesifazane, wamzalela indodakazi.

Ehlobo lika-1937 Sheftel wabulawa isifo senhliziyo, nakuba kuye kwaba yeziphakamiso wazibulala ngenxa yokwesaba ekujezisweni. Ngo-1941, uSabina Spielrein-Sheftel wenqaba ukukholelwa unya amasosha aseJalimane kanye akazange kuphunywe kusukela Rostov. Ngo-July 1942, indlu ayehlala namadodakazi akhe, uSabina, washiswa.

11-12 August 1942, amashumi ezinkulungwane zamaJuda, phakathi kwabo Sabina Spielrein-Sheftel namadodakazi akhe womabili badutshulwa Zmievskoy uvumelanise.

Epilogue. Jung - Sabina - Freud

Ngasekupheleni kwawo-'70 archive Edward Claparede watholakala ipotimende elinesinqe izinto siqu Sabina. Kwavela ukuthi ngaphambi kokuya Russia, walishiya khona Diaries yabo futhi ukuxhumana ne-Jung futhi Freud (okwaholela 1923), ezinye izihloko futhi amathuluzi okucwaninga. Lezi zincwadi, kuhlanganise Diaries futhi izincwadi, senziwa emhlabeni yesayensi sigemegeme umphakathi.

Kwatholakala ukuthi kusukela ekuqaleni ukwelashwa Sabiny Yungom futhi zokubonisa imizwa yayo kuye lokhu kwakwaziwa Freud. Nokho, akazange asole uzakwabo, ngoba akacabangi ke kunoma yikuphi ukuziphatha okubi noma okungalungile, futhi ngisho ngezinga elithile bazwelane naye. Ukuhlola sikhundla Freud sika, abahlaziyi baqala ukukhuluma "usole" phakathi Jung futhi Freud, lapho ushintsho oluncane baba Sabina.

Jung-ke kwakudingeka zethu ezingokwenyama mqondo yakhe, noSabine yayingeyinhle umuntu oyedwa, Umq. H. Futhi ngokuya okuthola ukulondeka ngokwezimali, kodwa futhi ubuntu kakhulu ezaholela usosayensi ukuze imibono emisha. Akungatshazwa, njengoba bobabili Jung futhi Freud emsebenzini wakhe kamuva, sasebenzisa imibono ezashiwo Sabina. Ngakho-ke, ngokuqhubeka ukusebenza naye Jung kwakudingekile okuningi okungaphezu kokunamathela ukuba yokuziphatha, ikakhulukazi njengoba, ngokuvumelana Freud yena, ukuze kuzuze psychoanalysis isiguli ubuhlobo phakathi kodokotela alulusha.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngaphezu yokuhlushwa ngokwengqondo kusukela imizwa unrequited, ujwayele la madoda amabili wamupha ezweni psychoanalysis futhi ibhizinisi zokuphila.

Sabina Spielrein wesifazane wokuqala eYurophu, walivikela Psychology yakhe zobudokotela. Wayephakathi 'kwezintombi le "amaphayona" ka psychoanalysis, kodwa kwaba ukhohliwe ngoba kwamashumi amahlanu. Kuphela kuvulwa zomlando amnike lona kanye nomsebenzi wakhe impilo wesibili. Ngesisekelo imibhalo wathwebula movie eziningana, izincwadi ezibhaliwe. Futhi eqinisweni, lokhu ukukhathazeka ulungisiswa.