Prudkin Mark: ikhamera into engathatha isikhundla sokufunda zokuxhumana bukhoma nezithameli

Uyena isifiso enganginaso kusukela ebuntwaneni kuphela into eyodwa: i-career ye-opera. Kodwa ngemva kokwenza izindima eziningi theatricals amateur wanquma ukuba abe umlingisi. ababukeli, ubizwa ngendima yakhe eyaziwa ngo-movie abawuthandayo: "izihlalo ezingu-12" (1976) - noBartolomewu Korobeynikov, "Abafowethu Karamazov" (1968) - Fyodor Pavlovich futhi "Blonde Emhlabeni Corner" (1984, .. e) - Gabriel Maksimovic, uPapa uNicholas. Mhlawumbe wonke kakade ukuyichaza ukuthi wayeqhubeka yezinsika we cinema Soviet. Ngakho Prudkin uMarku, Umculi Yabantu zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

Eminyakeni yokuqala futhi nomuthi bohlobo

Marik omncane wazalwa edolobheni Klin (Isifundazwe eMoscow), ngosuku lweshumi nane Septhemba 1898. esengumntwana nangesikhathi iminyaka yokweva eshumini nambili labetibambile umfana ezweni lakubo.

nomkhaya wakhe babehlala ngempela ngesizotha. okhokho bakhe - noyisemkhulu nobaba (Isaak Lvovich Prudkin) nabo bebekhona izakhamizi zaseFree. Bona babehilelekile ekuhlanganiseni ibhizinisi. Cishe bonke abantu bakuleli dolobha babe amakhasimende abo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalimi abavela ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane, wafika nabo oda. Abathungi ungababaleli eqolo ngoba umsebenzi wabo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ungase thunga in izitolimende. Ngakho-ke, izinkinga namakhasimende ekhethekile wayengekho.

Kusukela side kungase kubonakale sengathi lo mkhaya sicebe kakhulu. Kodwa Prudkin UMark zihluke kakhulu: ngenkathi esengumfana, yena (ngesicelo uyise) bagijimela amanothi kancane abangane bakule ndawo ukuboleka izinsuku ezimbalwa, ruble emihlanu noma eyishumi. Khona umndeni omkhulu lonke kungenzeka welule kuze kube eseduze "iholo." Nokho, yize akubona bonke izinkumbulo ebuntwaneni babe zenjabulo, umlingisi Mark Prudkin njalo ngobubele konke okusemandleni nokufudumala wakhumbula umama, ubaba, umndeni wayo nezwe layo bomdabu - edolobheni Klin.

Amaphupho, amaphupho ...

Uma ubheka, Mark Isaakovich akazange ngiphuphe ngibona ngokwami esiteji noma phambi lens movie ikhamera. Empeleni wayefuna ukuba ecula i-opera. Iqhaza lokuqala umlingisi esizayo lapho wayesalokhu umfundi ka esikoleni samabanga aphakeme, esiteji yaseshashalazini amateur. Lapho eseneminyaka engu-15 nje (1913), umlingiswa wakhe kwaba isosha play "Ukuphila ngokuba Tsar". Cishe ngaso leso yobudala efanayo ayelindele umculi lokuqala ukwehluleka. Wabe ukufunda Pushkin, "abanyundeli Russia". kungazelelwe Wakhohlwa wonke umbhalo phakathi. Marik wabaleka endaweni yesehlakalo, futhi ekhaya, uzibiza ngokuthi isiphukuphuku, wayeqiniseka ukuthi kule, umsebenzi wakhe kule nkundla phezu.

badlula phambi Prudkin Mark kweminyaka emibili wazama inhlanhla yakhe futhi esiteji efanayo. Plays of Alexander Ostrovsky sika "Ubumpofu - ongenabo ubugebengu." Nanoma ubani onesifiso uzame amakhono abo ukuthatha isinyathelo. Abaningi baye bafuna ukudlala indima Loved Tortsov ngisho umncintiswano owawuse. Ngenxa yalokho, Tortsov kudlalwa Mark Prudkin.

Ngemva kwesizini, eyaqala ngaphezu yimpumelelo, omunye wothisha ucele nabazali likaMarku ethi ukuthi ngokungafani nezinye nokudlala njengoba silly, inzalo yabo idlala njengomuntu umculi yangempela. Sekuyisikhathi eside uqede show, ihlombe ngawuthulisa umsindo, kodwa umphefumulo Prudkin abasha raged isiphepho wangempela imizwa. Futhi ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka embalwa kamuva, usikhumbula kahle kukhumbula imizwa yakhe ngemva kokusebenza. ozakwabo ku kwesizini esiteji of ukhohlwe ngokushesha ngemuva waphelela, babuyela emakhaya nasendleleni yokuphila evamile yansuku zonke. Kodwa uMark wayengene efana nendoda eyayi. Wayenomuzwa wokuthi i ukulahlekelwa ofuna ukuphumela obala futhi ngikhathazekile ngokuthi lokhu kungaba kuphinde kwenzeke.

Khona-ke kwaba khona Mizgir indima play "I Snow Maiden" (ungumfowabo omncane Petra Ilicha - Thobekile Tchaikovsky, ngubani wacelwa ukuba kwesizini, wezwakalisa amazwi okubonga nokudumisa Mark futhi wamqinisekisa ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi kukhona ikhono elihle kakhulu) nezinye imisebenzi ezigcawugcawu.

"Mina ngiyakuba kumdlali!"

Ngo Klina iqala umbuthano drumaticheskogo art ngaphansi kokuqondisa Vladimira Rubtsova. Mark Prudkin, ogama biography inhlanganisela emangalisayo ithalente, ukukhuthazela Isifiso sokuzenzela uthando omkhulu yobuciko, wanquma ukuhamba khona. Abalingisi, ababengamalungu eqembu le-lo mbuthano, umdlalo nakanjani free, ngoba yonke imali kwakunokwenzeka ukuzuza ukusebenza, waya phezulu asize abantu abadinga usizo.

Ukuze Bantu babhalisele lolu eMoscow Art Theatre, UMarku kwadingeka ukuya eMoscow. Izivivinyo emnyango, ubizwa ngakho wabonisa kahle ithalente lakhe waphasiswa.

Ngaphambi kokuthola iziqu ekolishi ngaleso sikhathi kwaba namanje ngonyaka, ngakho ngasebenza kwabosizo lokuqala studio, sanikezwa isitifiketi futhi wathumela ekhaya ukuthi baqede imfundo yabo.

"Ukuze eMoscow, eMoscow ..."

Ngokushesha Prudkin uMarku wabuyela eMoscow futhi wadlala yesibili eMoscow Art Theatre Studio. Iminyaka eyisithupha, bawuthola nezithombe ezahlukene: Karl Moor e "Abaphangi," Raskolnikov e "Ubugebengu Ziyisijeziso", Prince Myshkin e "I Idiot," Volodya "indandatho eliluhlaza" ... Ngo-1924, eMoscow Art Theatre Studio School iziqu zayo umsebenzi. Wonke umuntu wasebenza khona, wangena qembu YaseMoscow Art Theatre, sengathi isizukulwane yayo yesibili. Sinenkosi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi indima ukuthi kwadingeka ukudlala eyayibekwe ibha eliphezulu kakhulu, abakaze, ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, akuyona encishisiwe.

Ekuqaleni, la madoda wadlala Prudkin zothando, abanqobi wesihe izinhliziyo abesifazane - Don Luis, uCarl Moore ... A ngempela owaziwa eneminyaka engu-28 kuphela umsebenzi in the play "Izinsuku Turbin" (ubuntu bakhe - wempi Shervinsky). Impumelelo kwaba ekhexisayo. Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho saqala ukuhlola imingcele wenza ukuthi umlingisi abasha othandekayo. Mark Prudkin wabona ukubizwa kwakhe ukuba aphile esiteji i isibalo esingapheliyo izimpilo ezintsha. I elakhiwe kubo wayengathi hlanganisa yangaphandle futhi kwangaphakathi unya yamahlaya. Ostrovsky nomthelela yokuthi izethameli wabona umlingisi onhlobonhlobo, omunye indima yakhe is ngokuphelele ungathandi omunye. Prudkin batshelwa ukuthi izithombe eqondile eyatholakala kusukela izinkumbulo edolobheni Klina kanye bendawo.

Umgwaqo esikrinini

Ngo-1961 Prudkin sidlala enye yezinkulumo engcono yaseshashalazini izindima zakhe - ". Abafowabo Karamazov" Fyodor Pavlovich Karamazov e Futhi iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili kamuva, umqondisi -Ivan Pyryev uyimema ukuba indima efanayo e lithathelwe ifilimu kule noveli. Prudkin abangekho pha cinema, kodwa Pyrev wayengeyena umuntu ukuba bangayeki umbono wabo phakathi. Yebo, futhi Prudkin wanquma ukuzama isandla sakhe, ikakhulukazi inkampani ka Kirill Lavrov futhi Mihailom Ulyanovym futhi Alekseem Myagkovym. Ngenxa yalokho, win omkhulu futhi sikufisela inhlanhla ngoba Pyreva kwaba isimemo picture Nomhle Prudkin.

Ngemva enjalo elijabulisayo ukumangala ifilimu aseqala Mark Prudkin wazithola ababemenyelwe movie amaningi. Kodwa akazange Sivumelana kuzo zonke izinto. kukhona isithombe ezithakazelisayo embhalweni wakhe wokudala ithrekhi - "The nezitulo nambili," "Blonde Emhlabeni Corner", "Solo amahora lwempi," "Swan Iculo", "kokukhonjwa" nabanye. Kodwa umlingisi wayeqiniseka ngokuthi ngisho kulungiselelwa engcono Awukwazi ukufaka ukuxhumana bukhoma umlingisi abane yesehlakalo yaseshashalazini nezethameli.

Ngo nenkathi yakhe bokugcina bokuphila kwakhe, Mark Prudkin badlala neziphiwo abasha YaseMoscow Art Theatre. Maitre isizukulwane esisha kanye nabanye ukucasuka uncoma. Wayengaqondi ukuthi isimo sabo sengqondo ku isinyathelo esiteji, kodwa kuhle bayahlonishwa ngokushesha indlela angangena indima, akacabangi phezu emva ukusebenza: "kuhlulekile - kuhlulekile."

Kakade ixhegu (kungcono 1983) Prudkin ihlanganise indima Pilatu emdlalweni "Ball ngekhandlela." Kwakuyisikhathi Ukufundwa engavamile "Umninimuzi UMargarita." Futhi ngafaka lokhu play umqondisi abasha abahlakaniphe kakhulu, uVladimir Markovic Prudkin indodana yakhe.

ukuphila isikhathi eside ngenjabulo wahlala Prudkin Mark Isaakovich. ukuphila kwakhe siqu, futhi, kubonakala sengathi ukuba athuthukiswe, kodwa eminyakeni yamuva, futhi ikakhulukazi ngosuku, kwaba Volodya ngendodana yakhe ewukuphela kwayo. usuku lokuzalwa kwakhe 96th umlingisi wahlangana esibhedlela. Wayengumuntu bejabule, bayazidlalela, waze wanika ngisho abasebenzi abanye ayengayilungiselelanga wezokwelapha. Futhi ngosuku olulandelayo yahlatshwa buthaka futhi cishe njalo elele. INdodana eyayinabo ngibuya uhambo phesheya ukuze noyise ngalesi sikhathi. Wayazi umfana wakhe, ngisho eyababuza umphumela uhambo. Kodwa-ke izinga lokushisa wasukuma rose. Septhemba 24, Marc Prudkin kwesokunxele kuleli zwe ofayo.

umzimba waso kwakuyindishi uyakuphumula Novodevichy emathuneni, "kamakhelwane" ozakwabo - Olegom Borisovym, Evgeniem Leonovym, uSergei Bondarchuk ...