Okukhulu kakhulu Danilov e Choir eMoscow zabesilisa, isheduli kwezinsizakalo kanye website esemthethweni. Kanjani ukuze uthole eMoscow zabesilisa Danilov Monastery?

Mashi 17, 2003 iqeda iminyaka engu-700 kusukela ekufeni St Prince uDaniyeli eMoscow. Wabusela esikhathini kusuka 1276 eminyakeni 1303. Ngaleso sikhathi, eMoscow iba sobukhosi phezu kwesikhulu kanye baba geqe Russian ngemva ukukhokha imali eningi ukuze Pereslavl futhi Kolomna. Kodwa uDaniyeli - ngowokuqala Grand Prince eMoscow umsunguli lwamakhosi entsha, nge ncazelo mlando zangaphambi wamavukelambuso.

sezindela

Enhloko-dolobha yezwe lethu behlonipha iNkosana yangcwelisa isonto lombhishobhi Ayisikhombisa WamaSonto Imikhandlu we Danilov Monastery. It yasungulwa ngu Daniel Serpukhov amasango eseduze ekhonza khona njengamanje. Lokhu sezindela (St Daniel) iyona endala eMoscow. It yasungulwa ngo 1282.

Prince Daniil Moskovsky

ONgcwele Prince wayeyindodana enguthumbu Aleksandra Nevskogo. Yazalwa ngo-1261 e uVladimir. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-nanye - phezu kwesigaba phakathi kwabazalwane - UDaniyeli eMoscow. Ngo 1282, wayakhe esontweni loMfula Moskva behlonipha St. Daniila Stolpnika, ngubani abavikela yakhe saint. Lapha uqala ithebhu leduna St Daniel Monastery. Isikhulu abasha, ukukhumbula amazwi kayise ukuthi kaNkulunkulu ngeqiniso, futhi singasebenzi, ngoba befuna ukuthula futhi ukuthula. Injongo yayo oyinhloko kwaba yokuqinisa ukuqinisa eMoscow njengoba geqe. Kakade ngesikhathi indodana yakhe endala, u-Ivan Kalita, eMoscow lamukela ilebuli nokubusa okukhulu futhi manje kule edolobheni nondescript yaba inhloko-dolobha amadolobha Russian kwaba sekubuseni uPeter Omkhulu.

Ukulandela isibonelo sikayise, Aleksandra Nevskogo, ngaphambi kokuba afe, ongcwele Prince Daniel kuthatha schema kanye isikhundla Izigodlo. Washona 4 Mashi 1303, isitayela ubudala. Ngokwentando yakhe, isikhulu wangcwatshwa igceke lesonto elula anobuhlobo St. Daniel Monastery - ". Alikho isonto nasesikhathini igceke lesonto"

ithuna phezu kwesikhulu

Indodana endala kaDaniyeli, u-Ivan Kalita, ihumusha e sezindela 1330 zikayise indawo ezibiyele sika phansi, izindonga zawo ungenakunqotshwa, ukuze awuvikele kuphangwa, kanye izimfanelo ukuze Cathedral koMsindisi ku Bor. Esidala zamoskvorechnuyu wahlala ethuneni kwesikhulu kaDaniyeli, abaphathise endaweni ethile ye-Isigodlo Archimandrite Kremlin. Nokho, Isigodlo kude kancane kancane akhishwe futhi lakhula ogulayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yabe seyaziwa ngokuthi Danilovsky Hamlet. Ngakho ethuneni kwesikhulu emva kwesikhath eminyaka athile walahlwa inzalo yakhe.

Kuphela uma Ivan Third kwaba isenzakalo esibalulekile kakhulu, eyasebenza njengodonga umfutho for imvuselelo kancane kancane eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngemva kwalokho -St Danilov Monastery eMoscow waphinda waqala zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuphileni inkumbulo Prince Daniel eMoscow, wamukela ngendlela ekhethekile ngaphambi kokusungulwa izinsalela futhi chargeability yona abangcwele.

Inganekwane yasendulo

Ngokusho yetinsita Ivan elesithathu waya nezinceku zabo phezu loMfula eMoscow, nje esedlule endaweni yokungcwaba Daniel Prince. Kuleli qophelo, ngaphansi omunye nabagibeli ihhashi bekhubeka, okubangela inceku yawa phansi. Wayengumuntu angaziwa ngumholi, waphawula ukuthi uDaniyeli eMoscow - inkosi endaweni, lapho ithuna lakhe. Wangitshela ukunikeza Ivan a la mazwi: "Nguwe lanelisa, kodwa ngami ukhohlwe." Ngemva kokuzwa indaba inceku, isikhulu esikhulu ngaphambilini ukufeza lombhishobhi yomngcwabo okhokho babo, kanye nokunikeza izipho yenkumbulo. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kube wayiswa leli siko, futhi zonke izikhulu eMoscow wakhonza njengephayona requiem ukuze ngukhokho - Daniel eMoscow.

Ukubuyiselwa Isigodlo

Phakathi nokubusa indodana yakhe Basil Okwesithathu - Ivana Groznogo, kwazeke omunye senzakalo esiyisimangaliso - ethuneni Prince uDaniyeli iMoscow yayingenye sokuphulukiswa ukufa. Lapho bezwa lokhu, walayela ukubamba udwendwe yonyaka ethuneni kayisemkhulu futhi ukukhonza ku kule nkonzo yesikhumbuzo. Futhi okubaluleke nakakhulu, it ubuyisela sezindela Danilov ekhonza khona njengamanje. Ama-oda Ivan Grozny ukwakha isakhiwo esisha esontweni lombhishobhi yokudumisa Seven WamaSonto imiKhandlu. Iphinde eyakhelwe amaseli anobuhlobo, futhi yonke indawo esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe izindonga eziphakeme, Isigodlo abuyiselwe ugcwale izindela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezindela eSt Daniel mabangabe iyeke ezimele. Ngaphambi kwalokho, wayengaphansi le ezibiyele isimo Cathedral.

Kukhona inguqulo isakhiwo esisha lesi eziyinkimbinkimbi yakhiwe akuyona ncamashi endaweni ayekuyo yangaphambili, ne Collegiate Church, futhi kancane kuze kube sohlangothini - amamitha angamakhulu amahlanu ukuya enyakatho. Izazi-mlando zisikisela ukuthi indawo isonto Daniilovskoy, okwakunginika isikhulu zenzisa kufanele esontweni samanje Uvuko e Danilov Sloboda.

Ukwakhiwa kwethempeli

Esikhathini kusuka eminyakeni 1555 kuya 1560 in the Danilov Monastery eyakhelwe isonto lombhishobhi yokudumisa Seven WamaSonto imiKhandlu. Mina ovuthayo ke ngoMeyi 1561 ebukhoneni Ivana Groznogo Metropolitan Macarius asebukhosini. UMbusi wanika novoustroennoy sezindela Our Lady of Vladimir, kanye nencwadi umdwebi yinkosi isithonjana, lapho izitembu kukhona ekumeni Ivana Groznogo, Prince John Metropolitan eMoscow Macarius.

nokunxusa

Ngokusho yetinsita e 1652 oNgcwele Prince uDaniyeli ephusheni Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Ngenxa yalokho oda yakhe ka-August 30, uMbhishobhi Omkhulu Nikon kanye nomkhandlu ababhishobhi ebukhoneni kombusi wavula ethuneni kwesikhulu. Ngakho-ke esiteji izinsalela incorrupt ka Daniil eMoscow, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi yelapha. Izinsalela ongcwele bathunyelwa nge solemnity omkhulu esontweni lombhishobhi Isigodlo wafaka ekuphumuleni ekhwayeni kwesokudla ethuneni lokhuni. Khona-ke isikhulu eMoscow Ubusisiwe abagcotshwa, wahloma iinqhema zokuthoma ekugubheni izikhathi ezimbili ngonyaka - sokufa kwakhe ngo-March, futhi ngosuku lokuthola izinsalela zakhe 12 Septhemba ngokuvumelana isitayela esisha.

inkonzo zokuxhumana. Daniel

Isevisi ngowokuqala St Daniel siqanjwe Archimandrite Konstantin (Abbot) e 1761. Nokho, ukuphila kwesikhulu kanye isevisi entsha abakwaMetropolitan Platon (Levshin) yalotshwa ngemva kweminyaka engamashumi amane kamuva. Manje njalo ngeSonto phambi izinsalela ongcwele kaDaniyeli ukufunda akathist. Futhi mina ukukhumbula izinsuku ezibiyele ababhishobhi ephethwe odwendweni e zamoskvorechensky Monastery Danilov. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ibandla Isigodlo lanikezelwa indlwana behlonipha St. uDaniyeli eMoscow. ethuneni lakhe ihanjiswe kwesokunxele choir futhi wenza umnikelo Fedora Golitsyna esiliva nesimo sayo. Ngo 1812 eyebiwe amasosha sikaNapoleon. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1817 i-izinsalela St uDaniyeli eMoscow sabekwa shrine entsha esiliva. Eduze, phezu kodonga, yafakwa isithonjana Prince, abhalwe ukukhula ngokugcwele esimbonyweni ubudala sokhuni ethuneni lakhe.

Kwabe sekuqala inkathi entsha yokuchuma

Ekhulwini nesishiyagalombili kuvulandi, umpheme esontweni sonto lakhiwa ezintathu storey Church of St Daniila Stolpnika - ikhumbule sezindela sasendulo. Lonyaka, futhi okulandelayo nesishiyagalolunye ngokuthi inkathi zezimbali lasendulo St Danilov esigodlweni. Ngalesi sikhathi ezakhiwa khona mayelana nethempeli Elisha kanye isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi, iChurch of zintathu Ongcwele (yayakhiwe e 1833 nge mali Kumanin futhi Shustov). Kumanin zazihlobene umlobi odumile Russian Fedorom Dostoevskim. Zintathu beSonto lalibhekwa busisa St Philaret. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, uye wakha wezakhiwo omkhulu O. I. Bove ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe, waba omunye imisebenzi yakhe yokugcina. Kwakuvamise ukuba ukuthi ayakhiwe ke wezakhiwo okungenani owaziwa Evgraf Tyurin, eyakha Yelokhovo Cathedral futhi yesonto St Tatiana ku Moss.

Emathuneni sezindela

Phakathi nokubusa uCatherine II, lapho i Ukuqubuka kobhubhane owawungumnyaka eshayeka of eMoscow, Danilov sezindela baba endaweni yokungcwaba file nga isifo, njengoba yayikude ezindaweni ezimaphakathi yenhloko-dolobha. Lapho ubhubhane esebohlile, emathuneni laligcwele emhlabeni. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, isiko lahlala wangcwatshwa cloister efana izindela kanye abavamile ngokufanayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwaba khona emathuneni lapha, lapho wangcwatshwa abantu abacebile zasebukhosini. On emathuneni Danilov Monastery bathole indawo yokuphumula umculi yabo yokugcina N. G. Rubinshteyn, ngubani umdali Russian Musical Hlangano; Slavophiles A. S. Homyakov futhi Yu F. Samarin, umculi V G. Perov, futhi elalidume kunawo wonke abasontayo -. N. V Gogol. Lomngcwabo nomzimba lakhe lalethwa lapha ezandleni St Tatiana Church eNyuvesi ku Moss, lapho Umngcwabo umufi njengelungu zokuhlonipha YaseMoscow University. Nokho, ngo-1953 izinsalela umbhali omkhulu zihanjiswe Novodevichy emathuneni.

izikhathi ezinzima

Ezikhathini zangaphambi mbuso ka sezindela sasendulo ngabona eziningi ezinzima. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-1812-ke kuxazululwe izikhulu French. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iningi ingcebo wayethunjiwe kusengaphambili kweminye imizi, amagugu amaningi yayisalokhu phakathi kwezingange zalo. Ngalesi sikhathi, kwaba khona icala curious: batch lokuqala lezempi French waxwayisa izindela ezizokwehlela lapha maduze, elinye futhi iqembu izikhulu, kodwa abantu abangathembekile. Futhi sincoma ukufihla zonke izinto eziyigugu. Baze wasiza izindela ukuba ngingcwabe yengcebo. Ngempela, iqembu abasanda kufika baphanga bonke abanye, hhayi ukubukelwa phansi ngisho antimension.

Enye enkingeni ahlasela sezindela emva Okthoba Revolution. Kuyaziwa ukuthi St Daniel sezindela uvikelekile nabefundisi abaningi axoshwe amaBolshevik epulpiti ngenxa yokwenqaba ukwamukela imibono yokungabi nandaba entsha nokuthembeka emasikweni ubuKristu Bobu-Orthodox. Yabo kangaka okuthiwa - "Danilovtsev". Abantu abaningi base-kamuva ithunyelwa ejele nokudingiswa. Yena eMoscow sezindela endala yavalwa ngo-1930, kamuva kunazo zonke e-dolobha.

Kuvulwa sezindela

Ngo-May 1983 Danilovsky Monastery ngesinqumo uhulumeni wamaSoviet kwaphinde ibekwe anawo eMoscow Sabefundisi ngesikhathi wokuhlela kungcono yokuhlala esemthethweni.

Nakuba kwakunzima ukuthola amathuna eyabhujiswa ngesikhathi kubhidlizwe emathuneni. Ngakho-ke lapha Chapel-bhokisi lakhiwa ngo-1988, iyona itshe lethuna ongokomfanekiso kubo bonke wangcwatshwa esigodlweni sezindela. A izindawo eziseduze Khomyakov futhi Gogol amathuna elisungulwe inkumbulo yabo, ezimbili esiqoshiwe sase-. Julayi 12, 1988 lapho owawuse isevisi onesizotha yokudumisa Millennium we Ukubhapathizwa Rus. Namuhla, i-St Daniel Monastery iyona yokuhlala main Yobungcwele yakhe Umbhishobhi, futhi i-Bishops 'Council aphethwe lapha Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia.

St Daniel Monastery isheduli amasevisi

Phakathi nezinsuku, kulenkonzo ekuseni yayiqhutshwa nsuku zonke: ngehora lesithupha umthandazo ekuseni Midnight anobuhlobo; ke ngaso ngehora lesikhombisa - Inkonzo. Enkonzweni kusihlwa iqala nsuku zonke ngehora lesihlanu: Vespers Matins. Holiday nangeSonto isevisi - senzeka ngobusuku bangaphambi Zonke-Night Vigil (Holy Trinity Cathedral), kuqale inkonzo ngehora kusihlwa ezinhlanu. NgoMgqibelo futhi ngomkhosi emibili Inkonzo, okwenzeka ethempelini yoBaba Ongcwele eziyisikhombisa futhi ngehora lesithathu ekuseni. NgeSonto, ngo-iri lobunane ebusuku ezinhlanu labetibambile akathist Orthodox Prince uDaniyeli eMoscow KuZiqu-zintathu Cathedral. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emthandazweni futhi akathist owenzeka njalo ngoLwesithathu ngehora Chapel of St Daniel ezinhlanu.

Emini, ibandla ukufinyelela ovulekile ku-izinsalela St Prince e yezinto sethempeli oFata oNgcwele. Wonke umuntu angaba ukubazi ngemodi wokusebenza sethempeli, nge nomlando wayo kanye neminye imininingwane ephathelene nayo ngokuya kwi-Inthanethi, ngoba St Danilov Monastery (website esemthethweni -. Msdm ru) ihambisana ukuphila futhi ithole ikhasi yakhe World Wide Web. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi ukuza lapha muntu ukhulume kumpristi emsebenzini, abayoba aphendule yonke imibuzo yakho. Kuthatha amahora 8 kuya kwezingu-18 endaweni yokwamukela izivakashi izindlu anobuhlobo. Okukhulu kakhulu itholakala emgwaqeni Danilovsky Val, 22. Ukuze uthole metro station, ungakwazi Tula (hamba cishe imizuzu emihlanu), noma kaMasipala Paveletskaya (tram kuze esigodlweni sezindela igama elifanayo wayeka).

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ubuKristu busekelwe choir of St. Danilov Monastery, ukulalela lapho abantu beza kusuka emadolobheni ehlukene zezwe lethu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma ubani angaba uyazilanda phezu imisebenzi Inthanethi.

Danilov Monastery Choir

Yini eyingqayizivele ngakho kule team futhi yini ukuthandwa kwakhe? Gala ngoma Danilov esigodlweni has isimo ngoma synodal yokuhlala Umbhishobhi omkhulu eMoscow zonke eRussia. He is ahileleke yonke inkonzo zemikhosi. Leli qembu ukhonza iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi endaweni kuqamba. He is owalandela ingoma isiko, nguye owasungula esigodlweni sezindela eminyaka ambalwa adlule. repertoire ekwayeni ihlanganisa imisebenzi izinhlobo ezahlukene. It has imisebenzi engaphezu kwamakhulu asibhozo. Lokhu umculo yesonto, iculo, iculo zomlando, lempi yokushisekela izwe, ukuphuza, abantu, ezifuywayo (Rachmaninov, Taneyev, Tchaikovsky) kanye zabuna angaphandle (Bruckner, Beethoven, Mozart). Ngemva kokuphothula umsebenzi wakhe choir of St. Daniel Monastery ubona yazi umphakathi nge amasampula isiko Russian lasendulo - Folk futhi isonto xv-xxi eminyaka. Drevnerusskie iqembu ukucula wenza kwelinye umoya, ngendlela enjalo (umsindo ngokuqhubekayo kokuqhubeka) kubhekwa eyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke endaweni ukucula art.