Moscow iminyuziyamu, okuyinto kudingeka qiniseka ukuthi uvakashela: uhlu izibuyekezo. iminyuziyamu Military eMoscow

Ukuze empilweni yamasiko inhlokodolobha ngokuvamile abanalo isikhathi ukubukela Muscovites ngokwabo - embukisweni entsha nokuchaza ukuvula njalo ngesonto. Kodwa isithakazelo athé xaxa kukhona amaqoqo iminyuziyamu ezinkulu, ezivame ukubona abahambi abavela emhlabeni jikelele.

Moscow iminyuziyamu, okuyinto kudingeka qiniseka ukuthi uvakashela:

1. Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe zomlando.
2. Museum of Fine Arts iqanjwe Pushkin.
3. Tretyakov Igalari.
4. Central Museum of Armed Forces.
5. Bunker-42.
6. Borodino Panorama.
7. Darwin Museum.
8. Antique Car Museum.
9. Izinkanyezi.

Eqinisweni, lolu hlu ukuqhubeka ngoba yaseZimbabwe okungenani elinye amabili, kodwa utshele wonke amasayithi ezithakazelisayo kwamasiko kwelinye sihloko akunakwenzeka.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe zomlando

Museum yasungulwa ngemiyalo yezikhulu uMbusi u-Alexander II ngo-1872. Iminyaka eyishumi nanye, baqhubeka kwakhiwa isakhiwo edumile Red Square. Naphezu ezimpini, ekuvukeleni futhi amasu okugumbuqela imibuso, ukuqoqwa liye laqhubeka landa. Namuhla, vaults Museum izindlu ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-15 izincwadi zomlando kanye ayizigidi ezinhlanu ziphephile.

Ngo-2006, Museum igcwaliswe ukudalwa embukisweni unomphela. Manje izivakashi ungathola bexhumene emlandweni wezwe lakithi kusukela Rus lasendulo ziphethe ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX - amakamelo 39 kuphela. Iqoqo eziningi izinto siqu okwakungokwenkosi ojenene ziyaphawuleka, nababusi, abaqavile emphakathini futhi izibalo zezombusazwe.

Ezinye izihambeli bathi Museum kunzima ukuzulazula ngaphandle umhlahlandlela. Esichasiselweni ithakazelisa kakhulu, kodwa hhayi i-self-ucwaningo. Okumbi esikhathini esiningi, ezihlobana ingxenye yenhlangano:

• Hands-free izikhangiso commercial umsindo;
• emahholo embukisweni kukhona ekhishini ukunambitheka yokudlela.

Angeke kusidzine

Njengezilwane eziningi isimo iminyuziyamu eMoscow, Historical Museum ihambisana izikhathi. Awukwazi uthinte ziphephile esibalulekile, ngakho ngokuvamile bafuna ukwenza izingane, kodwa kungenzeka ukuvakashela omunye izinkambo waseshashalazini esiyingqayizivele kunazo.

Ehholo inkulumo Museum behileleka izivakashi ezingxoxweni omdala, izingxoxo kanye nezinkulumo, ukuhlangana nabantu ezithakazelisayo futhi ubuze imibuzo yabo ochwepheshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-Okthoba iphrojekthi "Kuye kwanyatheliswa izincwadi Club" wethulwa ngesikhathi Historical Museum. Le ndlela emihlanganweni kuletha abathintekayo ngesikhathi XVIII - Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu XX, lapho ithandwa enkulu wajabulela ababenengqondo nokucwala etemibhalo.

Museum of Fine Arts yaqanjwa Pushkin

Moscow Museum, kumelwe ukuba uvakashele, isenkabeni yenhloko-dolobha. Historical Museum - Red Square, kanye Museum of Fine Arts. Pushkin - emgwaqeni mlando Volkhonka.

Museum kwavulwa ngo-1932. umtapo Special, iqoqo numismatic, ukhonkolo of ukubaza Antique namavazi ukuqoqwa Imperial eMoscow University kwaba yisisekelo exposure. Kwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uthenge okwangempela imisebenzi amasiko zobuciko yaseGibithe lasendulo.

Angaphezu kuka-670 eziyinkulungwane imisebenzi yobuciko igcinwe ukuqoqwa - iminyuziyamu yesimanje e Moscow, ngakho ivolumu abakwazi ukuqhosha. Ukuze izivakashi encane kuphela ingxenye iyatholakala, kodwa ukuchayeka kushintsha njalo. Ngeshwa, eminye yale midwebo engavamile futhi kukhona izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu ngeke wethulwa emphakathini, ngenxa yokuthi adinga izimo isitoreji ekhethekile.

Tretyakov igalari

Siyaqhubeka ukhulume eminyuziyamu eMoscow. Lolu hlu alukwazi wacabanga ngaphandle Tretyakov Igalari.

Umuntu owasungula le iqoqo - Pavel Mihaylovich Tretyakov e 1856 atholwe imisebenzi emibili ngabaculi Russian Vasily Khudyakov ( "Skirmish nge Abashushumbisi Finnish") futhi UNikolai Schilder ( "Esilingweni"). Eminyakeni emihlanu ngaphambi kwalokho abavikela, umkhaya wathuthela esakhiweni owaziwayo Lavrushinsky Lane.

Tretyakov iqoqo agcwaliswa ngokushesha ngokwanele, babe izakhiwo ezidingekayo ukuze aboniswe futhi isitoreji zobuciko. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu engxenyeni yokuhlala yendlu izikhathi eziningana ukuze unamathisele ezakhiweni ezintsha, futhi eminyakeni 1902-1904 isakhiwo usezuze olungaphambili lwesonto abadumile, elaklanywa Viktora Mihaylovicha Vasnetsova.

I Tretyakov Igalari ihlukile kwezinye iminyuziyamu iqoqo imisebenzi ngabaculi isiRashiya, yangekhulu isigamu kwekhulu XIX yesibili. Vasnetsov, Repin, Serov, Kuindzhi, Levitan, Savrasov, Vrubel, Korovin futhi Shishkin - amagama abo zaziwa emhlabeni wonke, kodwa kuphela Muscovites nezivakashi nethuba eliyingqayizivele ukubona imisebenzi yobuciko uyaphila.

Izivakashi itjheje wobungane, okuyinto ngezinye izikhathi aphula "abanakekeli" esiqinile. Amakamelo isici SOFAS ukhululekile - it ikuvumela ukuba uhlale e imisebenzi eziyizintandokazi zakho yobuciko nje ukuphumula kancane.

Central Museum of Armed Forces

Esikhathini "iminyuziyamu Military eMoscow" is ibhekwa njengomlando wesonto obaluleke kakhulu Central Museum of Armed Forces, eyasungulwa ngo-1919.

Imibhalo ethumba nakwezempi izibhengezo, imiklomelo, izikhali, izithombe, izinto siqu amasosha nezikhulu - abangaphezu kwesigidi zezinto elondolozwe ku izimali. Outdoor emelelwa cishe 157 amayunithi zempi lempi, missile, wezikhali kanye nemishini asolwandle nezikhali.

Military umlando Museum e Moscow, lapho kuyadingeka ukuvakashela izingane kuyoba nesithakazelo konke - kusukela komncane kuya ezinkulu. I eziyinkimbinkimbi, sise ul. Soviet Army, d. 2, kubaluleke kakhulu kule nqubo ye ukufundisa ngayo esizukulwaneni esisha. Izibuyekezo lezivakashi ukhulume egumbini yesimanje interactive lapho ungazama ku iyunifomu, izikhali kanye ngisho kyokushin touch.

ndlu

Amamodeli we imishini, izikhali kanye ifomu - eminyuziyamu lempi eMoscow, njengoba umthetho, yiba ukuvezwa efanayo. Befuna i simo esingavamile ukuya "Bunker-42".

"IMpi Yomshoshaphansi" Izazi-mlando namuhla abakubiza uhlobano phakathi eU.SSR US, abaseleyo ngempela buhle iminyaka engu-40. I izingalo uhlanga, kuhlanganise izikhali zenuzi, kuzenza zibe zimbi nakakhulu isimo kuphela. Izwe lonke ukulungiselela ukuqala World War III, ngakho ukwakhiwa silos ngokuba abantu lokuqala isimo kwaba ngempela evamile.

Ngesikhathi enhliziyweni kwesihloko

Ukuze into ekhethekile "Bunker-42" ezivezwe Taganka wesifunda, eduze Kremlin. Design Its kwavunyelwana ngemva kovivinyo lokuqala yenuzi-USSR. Ukwakhiwa kwayo le ndlu waphathiswa ochwepheshe engcono "Metrostroi" ngaphambi okuyinto Kwakungewona umsebenzi olula lowo - ilimaze ukuxhumana edolobheni futhi akusho ukuheha unganaki kakhulu iphrojekthi.

Kusukela ngo-1956 kuya ku-1986, ngaphandle kwayo le ndlu ngesikhathi Taganka wayala ekuhlaseleni amasu nangezikhali zenuzi, futhi ngemva into iyiswe kwenye indawo. Namuhla e-"imfihlo" luhlobo ungavakashela ngayinye.

Ukupholisa izinhlelo, emafektri, amakamelo ezinkulu, ifakwe izindlela zokuxhumana, iminyango ehlukene block umyalo - amasampula zasendlini ethulwa imishini kanye izikhali, kanye layout ibhomu lenuzi. documentary Small ekutshela ngezimbangela nemiphumela ye "iMpi Yomshoshaphansi".

Izivakashi Museum waphawula ezinye zezithiyo kumele sinqobe. Ngokwesibonelo, iladi 18 emabhilidini phansi. Futhi abantu, gwema izikhala ezihambisanayo, nje kuwufanele ke ukuhlela uhambo "Bunker-42".

Borodino-panorama

Enye inkathi yomlando Museum anikezelwe panorama "Battle of Borodino". Ukwakha ekupheleni Kutuzovskogo Avenue kwakhiwa ku-150 esenzeka ngalo impi edume. Indawo anginikhethanga ngengozi, ngoba lapha kwaba Smolensk emgwaqeni elidala ngokusebenzisa edolobhaneni Fili, lapho umkhandlu impi owaqhutshelwa e-September 1812.

Khetha iminyuziyamu eMoscow, lapho kuyadingeka ukuvakashela? Izibuyekezo ngentshiseko ukhuluma panorama esiyingqayizivele "Battle of Borodino". Umbhali umbukiso main kwaba Frants Rubo. Naphezu umsuka isiFulentshi, impi umdwebi kubhekwe njalo ngokwami Russian. Umdwebo Legendary sidalwe oda emnyango wezempi ngo-1912.

Kanye nokufika kwalolo kombuso wamaSoviet imisebenzi yobuciko waqala ne nezikhathi ezinzima. Okokuqala, ngo-1918, ladilizwa isakhiwo Museum ku Hlanza Ponds, futhi kuwebhu "wathuthela" ku hhayi aguqulelwe isitoreji emafektri kanye ezindlini. Khona-ke yena uya ukususa upende bese usebenzisa emnothweni kazwelonke. Ngenhlanhla, lo wagwenywa. Roubaud wabuyiselwa emsebenzini, isakhiwo esisha Museum wavula ngo 1962.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abagcini-panorama wakwazi ukuqoqa impela eningi setfulo ngilandisa lweMpi Enkulu Patriotic ka 1812. Ingxenye iqoqo elizinikele Field Marshal Kutuzov: siqu izinto, ekumeni nezincwadi yomlando wakhe. Umbukiso "wobaba Bamba" lisisiza izivakashi ne ukuphila lamaphoyisa Russian - lapha ungabona izikhali futhi nenyumfomu elihamba, abagibela amahhashi wezikhali.

Ngokusho isivakashi ukubuyekezwa, ukubaluleka "Borodino Panorama" akuyona ziphephile esiyingqayizivele kuphela. Imilutha Yezithombe umsebenzi wabo iziqondiso generously ukwabelana ngamaqiniso omlando zivuse nomuzwa ukuziqhenya ngenxa yezwe lakubo.

Darwin Museum

Ufuna iminyuziyamu e Moscow, lapho kudingeka khona ukuba siqhubeke ne izingane? UMbuso Darwin Museum kuyoba mnandi ukuba izingane kanye nabantu abadala.

Kusukela ebuntwaneni, umsunguli we-Aleksandr Fedorovich Kots Museum babonisa isithakazelo nemvelo. Eminyakeni 19, Coates waya bomkhankaso lokuqala, lapho ebizwa uthole i Kusaphazwa isipiliyoni ubuhle Western eSiberia, futhi waqala ukufunda Taxidermy. izinyoni Okokuqala eyayigcwele wakha sisekelo iqoqo esizayo.

Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho, watholana Alexander F. sezilwane Fridrihom Lorentsom, eyayinawo okungcono olungisa izikhumba zezilwane esitolo eMoscow. Stuffed, abenziwe Lorenz uthenge Museum cishe yonke eyaziwa etshalwe the Old World. Coates awagcini nje isipiliyoni, kodwa futhi wazama ukugcwala iqoqo lakho, naphezu isimo sezimali kuqhathaniswa nesizotha. Aleksandr Fedorovich Kots ngokoqobo "bit by bit" wabuthelwa iqoqo elilingana engekho namuhla.

"Zazi Wena - Yazi Umhlaba"

Ngonyaka odlule, i-Museum waqala isikhungo interactive "Zazi Wena - Yazi emhlabeni." Lapha ziphephile zemvelo ngokuhlanganyela ubuchwepheshe bamuva bayofaka izivakashi omncani ezihlukahlukene zezitshalo nezilwane ezihlala kule planethi yethu.

Inani elikhulu of imizwelo kanye nakho ngihlale lani ngemva kokuvakasha - ke kufanele abe iminyuziyamu enjalo e Moscow, okufanele nakanjani vakashela. izivakashi lezivakashi belulekwa ukuba ukuhlela uhambo oluya Darwin Museum for ngosuku ukuze uthole okuningi kuzo ukuvakasha.

I style Retro

Museum Retro eMoscow iqala emuva esikhathini esidlule. Okuhle kunakho konke, ngokubona izivakashi umsebenzi ukubhekana Museum Rogozhskoe Val, lapho eqoqwe izimoto Antique.

Lesi sakhiwo ayengaphansi imoto yesondlo iqoqo eliyingqayizivele ngo-2003, lapho iqhubeka njalo agcwaliswa. abagcini wakhe bazimisele ukunikeza izimoto ukuphila yesibili kusukela ezizimele, kungakhathaliseki isimo sabo. Imibukiso ngazo kulo mnyuziyamu usitshele mayelana lobuchwepheshe intuthuko, ukuthuthukiswa isayensi yemfashini yesikhathi esidlule.

Kwelinye amahholo embukisweni wonke "umbala" ezifuywayo imoto umkhakha: IZ, Moskvich, Gaz futhi Zaz. Izivakashi ungabona ZIS-101. Imoto unqambothi, yakhelwe eSoviet Union, kwaba ifakwe umsakazo, i-thermostat, elingaphakathi evuthayo futhi izingxenye izinhlobo eziyivelakancane beech.

Cishe zonke iminyuziyamu eMoscow, lapho kuyadingeka ukuvakashela, abe kwawokugcina izimpahla omkhulu. Museum of izimoto vintage isiyonke ayemelela imivo 260. Ungabona ngokwakho noma ukuthola imininingwane mnandi ngosizo umhlahlandlela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abagcini iqoqo ukunikela ukuvakashela omunye hambo thematic.

izinkanyezi

Ubani phakathi kwethu ongakaze ngiphuphe njengoba ingane ukuba ibe usomkhathi? Ngisho noma oyikhethile omunye umsebenzi - ungadumali, kodwa kunalokho ukubheka "inkanyezi" eMoscow iminyuziyamu. Uhlu iholwa izinkanyezi.

I Dome elikhulu kunawo wonke eYurophu, lapho ungabona izinkanyezi, elise-dolobha. Hall 1000 sq. m ifakwe esiyingqayizivele fibre optic anezinkanyezi sky wokudlala ezibonisa izivakashi ezingaphezu kuka-9 ayizinkulungwane ezibenyezelayo.

Urania amahholo Museum enikelwe umlando ekuthuthukiseni izindlela namathuluzi ulwazi yonke, kanye nomlando we izinkanyezi. Indawo ekhethekile esichasiselweni kuhlala "njengabafokazi" emkhathini - emkhathini. Lezi amatshe ziye zatholakala ngezikhathi ezihlukahlukene phezu le planethi, babé imithombo oyigugu ulwazi. By the way, izivakashi ngeke wazi ukuthi emkhathini ayatholakala esidlangalaleni - okusho ukuthi okungase kuthintwe kuze ngesandla bese wenza isifiso.

I izinkanyezi ibhokisi ehhovisi Namanje Ukurhemisa emigqeni emide, ngakho lubalulekile ikakhulukazi ukuthenga amathikithi ngokusebenzisa website esemthethweni Museum. Iningi okubuyayo wathola mayelana isikhala amabhayisikobho, esibonisa zonke izimenywa.

Uhla "Museums eMoscow, lapho kumelwe-uvakashele" akugcini emashumini ambalwa izindawo zamasiko. Thatha isikhathi sakho wenze nomzamo ukuthola okuthile okusha!