"Metformin" (amaphilisi): imfundo manual, ukubuyekezwa, ukubunjwa, ukusetshenziswa kanye nokulimala emzimbeni

Isifo sikashukela - esinye sezifo ezivamile emhlabeni. Minyaka yonke inamba yezimo kabili. Ngifundise ngesifo sikashukela eba iziyaluyalu umzimba ezimbili zama - uma umzimba siqu insulini singenele (Uhlobo lokuqala) futhi uma ukusebenza siyabhubha insulin ku izicubu (uhlobo lwesibili). • Type II sikashukela kwenzeka amaphesenti 80-90 of zonke izimo futhi ngokuvamile nzima ezifana izici ezingajabulisi zokuya ezifana ukukhuluphala. Esikhathini ekwelapheni izifo the best ngiye ngabonisa ukuthi izidakamizwa "Metformin" - amaphilisi, okuyinto sibonga izakhiwo zalo zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwalabo ufuna ukunciphisa umzimba, kodwa hhayi ogulayo sikashukela.

Kuyini "Metformin"

"Metformin" futhi analogue yayo - izidakamizwa hypoglycemic engabelwe ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela - ngokuyinhloko uhlobo lwesibili, kodwa kwezinye izimo indlela yokutholwa uhlobo lokuqala. Kusukela yaqala ukuba khona ngo-1957, "metformin" uhlala izidakamizwa okuholela ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela, ikakhulukazi uma yezinkinga ezifana ukukhuluphala. Insulin ikhuthaza isitoreji amanoni "metformin", ukunciphisa amazinga insulin emzimbeni futhi usiza ayibulale. Kuyinto ngenxa lesi senzo, abaningi lisetshenziswa njengedivaysi neminye "Metformin" iphilisi.

Ukwakheka "Metformin," Tablets

Ukubunjwa izibhebhe kuhlanganisa esebenzayo isithako metformin hydrochloride, okuyinto Yenziwe izinto zemvelo ukuthi etholakala Lilac French nembuzi rue. Excipients izidakamizwa - talc, corn isitashi, magnesium stearate, ama-titanium dioxide, kanye povidone K90, crospovidone futhi macrogol 6000.

Izinkomba for Ukwamukelwa "Metformin"

Ngokuyinhloko "metformin" - ngamaphilisi kuyabekwa e ngifundise ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ngaphandle ukuthambekela ketoacidosis (ukuphazamiseka carbohydrate umzimba ngenxa yokuntula insulin). Ikakhulukazi lapho izidakamizwa sikhombisa ukukhuluphala nesineke lapho ukwelashwa Ukudla kwaba ayizwakali. Futhi umuntu akhuluphale ngokweqile, angase amiswe lihambisana insulini.

Nale uphethwe, njengesifo sikashukela, "Metformin" ithebhulethi iqondiswa njengoba kulungiselelwa ehlukile noma lihambisana ejenti antidiabetic namanye amaqembu, uma sikhuluma uhlobo lwesibili. Esikhathini Uhlobo lokuqala iqondiswa ibhekwa insulin eziyisisekelo njengoba.

Ucwaningo lwesayensi lwamuva luye lwabonisa ukuthi "metformin" lisetshenzisiwe nangokuqondene ngempumelelo ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela ezihlobene Oncology.

Isenzo metformin

Metformin kwandisa nozwela amaseli insulin. Izinga igazi glucose kuyinto enciphile cholesterol. Izithako ezisebenzayo yenqubo ukulungiselela oyenza namachibi fat, ungavumeli carbohydrate digestible futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbela ekuqongeleleni fat emzimbeni.

Insulin icuphe sebethule fat inqubo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziyinkinga (ngokukhethekile, isisu). Ngakho-ke, iningi indlela yokudla ehambisana nempilo zisekelwe yokuthi ukususa kusukela ekudleni ukudla ukwanda igazi ushukela amazinga. Metformin futhi suppresses indlala kubangelwa insulini.

Khipha ifomu kanye umthamo

"Metformin" - amaphilisi camera, 500, 850 no-1000 mg, e ibhamuza amaphakethe zazo esikhishwe izingcezu 10, amhlophe. Qala ukwelashwa nge 500-1000 mg ngosuku, okungukuthi 1-2 amaphilisi. Dose, kuye ngokuthi ezingeni ushukela egazini, kungenziwa kancane kancane ngemva izinsuku zokuqala 10-15 okwelashwa, kodwa akufanele kuthathe ngaphezu 3,000 mg ngosuku. Isondlo umthamo - 1000-2000 mg (3-4 amaphilisi). "Metformin" lenkulumo futhi hhayi Kunconywa ukuthatha umthamo engaphezu kuka-1000 mg ngelanga asebekhulile.

Tablets zenziwa ngokuphelele phakathi noma ngemva kokudla, wageza phansi ngamanzi. Ngezinye izikhathi Lo mbuzo ubuzwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuba ihlukanise ithebhulethi ( "Metformin") ngesigamu. Uma kuziwa umthamo 500 mg, ukwenza okuthile okungafaneleki nokwenzeka, njengoba umthamo ephansi akukuniki umphumela oyifunayo, ngaphezu kwalokho, it is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba aphule isikhumba, uma ihlanganisa tablet. Uma kunzima nje ukugwinya ngenxa yobukhulu, khona-ke kungenziwa ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili bese ukuthatha ingxenye - kodwa engxenyeni eyodwa nje ngemva kwenye.

Njengoba "Metformin" anganika imiphumela emibi e pheshana emathunjini, umthamo wansuku zonke kumele zithathwe hhayi konke ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa ngemithamo ezimbili noma ezintathu emini, kungcono ngenkathi bedla. Uma uhlangabezana iziyaluyalu ezinzima umzimba, umthamo kumele kungancipha.

Uma kwenzeka, uma une ukuthatha eminye imithi esikhathini esifanayo, uma nithatha "Metformin" (amaphilisi), ukulaya ukusetshenziswa liqukethe ulwazi mayelana nokuthi iziphi izinhlelo nemithi kungenziwa kuhlangene "metformin", futhi okuyinto bengayi. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi uxhumane nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuxhumana phakathi ejenti ezahlukene "metformin".

analogs

Ezimweni eziningi, iziguli unesithakazelo analogue izidakamizwa - eshibhile ngaphezulu noma ngempumelelo ngaphezulu, kuhlanganise nalapho kudingeka amaphilisi sikashukela. "Metformin" inezinto eziningi analogue banezimfanelo ezifanayo kuzo isimiso isinyathelo. Eyokuqala "Glucophage" futhi "Siofor", okukodwa kokukhona ethandwa kakhulu, "metformin" kanye nezinye izindawo eziningana lapho izimali babe isithako efanayo esebenzayo, ukuze efanayo kanjani umzimba futhi babe izinkomba efanayo yokwamukela, okuyinto "Metformin" iphilisi. Uphenyo analogue ingafundwa ku-intanethi, ungakwazi futhi uqhathanise yokusetshenziswa, sifinyelela iziphetho bese ukhetha izidakamizwa engcono.

Analogs "Metformin" yilezi:

• "Bagomet";
• "Hexane";
• "Glucones";
• "Gliminfor";
• "Metospanin";
• "Metfogamma" (500, 850, 1000);
• "Nova Met";
• "NovoFormin";
• "Sofamet";
• "Formetin" kanye nabanye.
• "Siofor" (500, 850, 1000) - izidakamizwa isiJalimane, ezithathwe ngomlomo, kunomphumela hypoglycemic, i esikhundleni esihle kakhulu insulin.

Kepha "Glucophage", the ezibizayo kuba "Metformin" kodwa uma iziguli zakhe yokuvuma amaphesenti 50 mancane amathuba okuthi baphazamisekile kohlelo emathunjini. "Glucophage" kubonisa uhlobo sikashukela yesibili, wasebenzisa kokubili wedwa futhi lihambisana namanye izidakamizwa. Ukuguquguquka "Glyukofazh Long" asinike isikhathi sokusebenza.

Empeleni, zonke lezi izidakamizwa nomphumela ofanayo ku isimiso umzimba, ngoba unesimo asebenzayo enkabeni yalo.

Kukhona Izithako zokudla ezisiza ukwehlisa amazinga igazi glucose:

• "Vidzhar" (futhi kwehlisa cholesterol, oyenza izivikeli mzimba ebambezela ukuthuthukiswa izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye ezibangelwa amagciwane);
• "Spirulina" (ewusizo e iziyaluyalu umzimba izinqubo, ekulweni ngokweqile isisindo);
• "Glyukoberri" (kunciphisa ingozi izinkinga zesifo sikashukela), kanye nabanye.

Nokho, Izithako zokudla akufanele kubhekwe njengento engeyona engathatha okuphelele izidakamizwa, angasetshenziswa ibhekwa ukuphathwa eyisisekelo njengabafundisi. Ngaphezu kokuthola Bud kumelwe bonana nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.

"Metformin" sikashukela

"Metformin" - one of the best anti-sikashukela ejenti namuhla. Kuyinto ngempumelelo kakhulu ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela uhlobo lwesibili, lingase lithathwe lihambisana-insulin, futhi umthamo kuyakhethwa kuye ngokuthi lemali glucose egazini.

Ekwelapheni sikashukela, ke kuvimbela gluconeogenesis, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ezingeni insulin egazini. It kwandisa kwegazi isibindi, okuvumela glucose iguqulwe ngokushesha ku glycogen.

Lapho ekwelapheni uhlobo II sikashukela , "metformin" angaqokwa ukuphila. Uma iqondiswa lihambisana namanye amanxusa antidiabetic, kubalulekile ukuqapha ezingeni glucose ukuze ugweme kahle kungakhuphula izinga likashukela. Edilini ahlukene zomuthi akwenzeki ngokuphazima kahle kungakhuphula izinga likashukela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isetshenziswa ekwelapheni iziguli ukukhuluphala, obuvame ukuhambisana sikashukela njengoba suppresses iphango futhi kunciphisa ukumuncwa glucose kusuka ukudla ipheshana wokugaya ukudla.

Uhlobo lokuqala izidakamizwa isetshenziswa njengenhlangano adjunct insulin nezinye sikashukela ejenti, wedwa lingase lithathwe kuphela abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Ekuqaleni ukwelashwa, "metformin" yokwamukela namanye amanxusa hypoglycemic kufanele wayeka.

Ukwelashwa "metformin" Ubuye Kusizuzisa ebukhoneni lo umzimba syndrome futhi lipid umzimba iziyaluyalu.

Umzimba syndrome - uyisimo umzimba, lapho Inani elihlangene yezici. Kahle carbohydrate umzimba, isiguli uhlushwa umfutho ophezulu wegazi, ukukhuluphala nabanye Lesi yisifo ihambisane nohlelo sengozini enkulu yokuba izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ngesisekelo lesi simo insulin, okuyinto, ngokocwaningo yamuva, ihlobene eduze sikashukela kanye nesifo semithambo.

Ngokuphathelene lipid umzimba, ngenxa inhlolovo kwatholakala ukuthi ezingeni triglyceride, cholesterol inani LDL cholesterol kuyehla uma amaphilisi sikashukela "Metformin". Izibuyekezo ososayensi ngalokhu izidakamizwa futhi aqukethe ulwazi ukusebenza yayo nokuvimbela sikashukela uhlobo lwesibili uma ukwephulwa of ukubekezelelana carbohydrate.

"Metformin" neminye

I anezakhi ezikhethekile zomuthi futhi kungase kutholakale kwesisindo iziguli sikashukela kuye kwaholela yokuthi "Metformin" yayidumile phakathi labo ufuna ukunciphisa umzimba.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izidakamizwa empeleni iqala izinqubo ezisiza ukuba ashise fat ngokweqile futhi ningathuli ukwakha ezifakwa entsha amafutha, silisebenzise abantu ngaphandle sikashukela, ngokuqapha, futhi kubalulekile ukuba acabangele ngesikhathi esifanayo eziningi izimo.

Okokuqala kumelwe sikhumbule ukuthi izidakamizwa uqobo akusho ashise amanoni, kodwa kuyasiza kuphela ukuze bachithe leso isivuno sisiningi kakhulu khona yayo kwenzeka ukuthi lokhu futhi ephelezelwa umsebenzi asebenzayo futhi uhlobo olukhethekile lokudla. "Metformin" - amaphilisi akuzona izakhiwo ngokuyisimangaliso, kodwa kuphela ithuluzi ezengeziwe. Ngisho phakathi odokotela akukho olulodwa umbono mayelana nomuntu kungathatha "Metformin" iphilisi: okuhle kanye ukulinyazwa emzimbeni waleli izidakamizwa kufanele tihlolwe ngamunye ngamunye icala. Abanye odokotela linqume kungenxa isiguli ngokushesha ukunciphisa umzimba, kuyilapho abanye abakholelwa kuyingozi kakhulu emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukuncipha ngosizo "Metformin" Nokuhlola kokuqala nokuxoxisana onguchwepheshe kuyadingeka ukuze enze isinqumo esifanele.

Okulandelayo, udinga ukuba acabangele eziningi Izimo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma unesifo sikashukela Uhlobo lokuqala noma lesibili ngaphandle insulini, nika "metformin" baphindze basombulule tinkinga kanye ukuncipha ungakwazi kuphela sebenzisa endocrinology.

Kunoma ikuphi awukwazi ukuthatha izidakamizwa izinso, inhliziyo, ukwehluleka wamaphaphu, isifo sesibindi, isifo sokulahlekelwa igazi.

Umuthi ingasetshenziswa hhayi uma umzimba iba buthakathaka - emva kokuhlinzwa, ukuhlukumezeka, ezifweni ezimbi, kufanele zigwenywe ngesikhathi izifo sibi ezithathelwanayo.

Akuvunyelwe ukuthatha "Metformin" uma unamathela ephansi ikhalori yokudla.

Izinqubo main ezenzeka emzimbeni ngemuva, "metformin" yokwelapha kanye neqhaza kwesisindo, kuba:

• okusheshayo amafutha namachibi;
• nokuncipha nokwenziwa carbohydrate;
• kangcono glucose abatholako imisipha izicubu;
• wehlise imizwa indlala, okuholela esisindo esincishisiwe.

Engalawuliwe kwesisindo nale izidakamizwa ngokuvamile imiphumela emibi, ikakhulukazi uma usuthathe umthamo enkulu ukwedlula uvunyelwe ngokulandela imiyalelo. Ngaphezu izinkinga ngokuphawulekayo pheshana emathunjini, ungakwazi buthakathaka, ucobekile, evilaphayo, angagcina lactic acidosis noma ezinye izifo ezimbi.

Futhi, lapho ithola "Metformin" isidingo ukulandela ukudla. Lapho ekusungulweni kwayo kwakushiye ngaphandle amaswidi, pasta, amazambane, iziphuzo. Ukudla kufanele kube njalo, awukwazi ukulamba kodwa umsoco kumele singeqi 2500 kcal ngosuku. Ngalesi sikhathi, udinga baphuze ngangokunokwenzeka amanzi evamile ahlanzekile.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi "Metformin" aqede isidingo bahlanganyele ukuvivinya umzimba esindayo, akusho ukuthi noma yimuphi umsebenzi ngokomzimba kungagwenywa. umzimba ekuseni, amafomu asebenzayo lokuzijabulisa umsebenzi neiznuryayuschaya kuhlangene imithi kungasiza kakhulu ngokushesha ukuqeda fat ngokweqile. Akubalulekile ukuba nethemba lokuthi "Metformin" uzokwenza konke ngawe kungekho mzamo ezengeziwe kungxenye yakho!

Ahileleke umuthi namaphesenti ethatha ke isimiso "kulapho - ngcono" okungukuthi hhayi: akufanele sedlule umthamo, uma yamukelwa "Metformin" (amaphilisi). Yokusetshenziswa sicondzisa esicacile umthamo esiphezulu kweemali sokungalandeli umthetho okungase kakhulu ukulimaza umzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu izidakamizwa zingafundwa ayisekho kuka izinyanga ezintathu, khona-ke ufuna ukuthatha ikhefu.

Manje ungathola eziningi ukubuyekezwa labo wathatha amaphilisi "Metformin" isisindo ukulahleka. Izibuyekezo okuhluke kakhulu: othile besusa fat ngokweqile ngokushesha futhi unomphela, umuntu kuvimbe imikhuba emibi noma imiphumela engemihle. Kodwa ngokuvamile, singaphetha ngokuthi labo 'Metformin "wabasiza azithathe ngaphansi kadokotela kweso, sekuhloliwe, siyisebenzise kahle nokudla kahle nokuzivocavoca okungukuthi benakekelwa.

Izimo "Metformin"

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, "metformin", kungakhathaliseki unesifo sikashukela noma uma ufuna ukunciphisa umzimba, kudingeka simazi kangcono i uhlu umxhwele contraindications kudokotela.

Isibalo Izimo kukhona kwezinso, inhliziyo, esingamahlalakhona yamaphaphu, zokugula ezinzima kwesibindi kanye ipheshana biliary; izifo kwezitho zokuphefumula. Umuthi akufanele kuthathwe in the izinkathi ukucindezeleka kwangemva kwenhlekelele nangemuva-operative, kanye infarction post-esivimba amanzi ngesikhathi nokuvuselelwa. Ukwamukelwa "Metformin" is contraindicated ku izinqubo ezithathelwanayo kanye ukuvuvukala kanye exacerbation kwanoma iyiphi yizifo ezingamahlalakhona, kuba amafomu okunzima igazi.

Umuthi akuvunyelwe phakathi nokukhulelwa kanye lactation. Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa noma ukuqala kwakhe on isizinda reception "Metformin" zomuthi okudingekayo ukuze give up badlulele yokwelapha insulini. Ibele, uma kudingeka aphathe ke, "metformin", udinga ukukhansela, ngoba azikho idatha umphumela isidakamizwa ubisi lwebele, kodwa ngisho ingxenye encane zomuthi ongene ubisi kuyingozi ngoba umntwana, njengoba kunombolo Izimo - yobudala 18 iminyaka. "Metformin" aluboniswa izingane nentsha ngaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18.

Futhi, "Metformin" akufanele athathwe uma utshwala futhi oyingozi utshwala ubuthi. Ngokuvamile, kubalulekile ukuba senqabe ekuthatheni utshwala kanye nemithi Ethanol-equkethe, uma uthatha "Metformin". Iqiniso ukuthi inhlanganisela metformin futhi ethanol ngisho ngemithamo emincane, kuvusa okusheshayo ukuthuthukiswa laktotsitoza, kwaze kwaba sekufeni.

Kuyingozi ukuthatha "Metformin" njalo ngaso okunama-kilojoule amancane futhi "elambile" Ukudla.

Ngeke ezithathwe abantu engaphezu kuka-60 uma bekwi okhandlayo esindayo, ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa lactic acidosis.

Phakathi ukwelashwa, iziguli kudingeka ukuqapha umsebenzi kwezinso, ukuqapha ezingeni lactate e-plasma, creatinine serum.

imiphumela emibi izidakamizwa

"Metformin" kuphakamisa inombolo okuba nemiphumela engemihle. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukwelashwa kuyadingeka ukuqapha ngokucophelela isimo umzimba ukubukeka izikhalazo uthintane ngokushesha udokotela, ikakhulukazi uma uthatha imithi ye-hhayi enqunywe udokotela kanye ngokwakho.

Umuthi wokuqala kubangela kuhluleka ingxenye pheshana emathunjini. Kulokhu, kungenzeka izimpawu ezingemnandi ezifana:

• isicanucanu;
• ukuhlanza;
• eziphikelelayo sohudo;
• ukubuyisa;
• ukungakuthandi ukudla;
• ukubukeka metallic ukunambitheka emlonyeni;
• ukubukeka ubuhlungu esiswini.

Futhi, isiguli ingase ikhononde ka zokuphefumula ukwehluleka, tachycardia, ukuqubuka futhi desquamation kwesikhumba, ngokuvamile ukulunywa.

A ezingavamile, kodwa lokho kuyingozi side effect - acidosis lactic. Lapho lactic acidosis, acidosis acid ingena egazini, izimpawu zokuqala - ubuthakathaka, ukozela, ukukhathala, isicanucanu okwandisa, ukuhlanza.

Lapho ukuphatha ezingamahlalakhona zomuthi kungenzeka kwezinso esibindini.

Uma uqaphela okungenani eyodwa lokhu kubonakaliswa, kufanele ngokushesha kudokotela emtshela ukuthi osuzithathile, "Metformin" iphilisi. Izinzuzo kanye efanele ibe kuhlu lokuhlukumezeka umzimba kulokhu kungase kube engalingani, mhlawumbe akufanele uthathe umuthi namaphesenti isidingo yokuthola enye inketho for ukwelashwa noma kwesisindo.

isifinyezo

"Metformin" - iphumelela kakhulu lapho uhlobo ithebhulethi sikashukela 2. "Metformin" futhi kusiza ukunciphisa isisindo, kodwa kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ukuthi lokhu izidakamizwa asisona isisombululo sazo, nemehlo ekudleni ephansi carb nokuvivinya umzimba. Ukwelashwa "metformin" kumele sihambisane ukulawula amazinga igazi glucose ukugwema imikhuba eyingozi, khuhlangene nokudla. Uma ufuna ukunciphisa umzimba nalo, ungadikibali ejimini, udle enempilo, futhi ungakhohlwa ukuthi ziqale futhi ke okungukuthi esingathí sina imithi, kuhloswe ukuba idili sikashukela, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba azithathe ngokuqapha futhi kuphela ngemva kokuba Consulting yakho udokotela.