Lapho izinto eziyingozi eyenziwa kuthiwa kude ngegazi? Umsebenzi zokuzivikela ketshezi izicubu zomzimba

Ndawonye nemithambo yegazi lihlelo ukuthuthwa emzimbeni. Umzuzwana ngamunye, athwala ezihlukahlukene compounds, ezinye zazo ezinobuthi. Lapho izinto eziyingozi eyenziwa kuthiwa kude ngegazi, futhi yini izinqubo mazenzeke kubo emzimbeni?

Umsebenzi zokuzivikela wegazi

compounds abahlukahlukene nezinto ezincane eziphilayo ticale imvelo yangaphakathi ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuphefumula futhi wokugaya ukudla, okuholela ejikeni egazini. Abaningi babo ungase udale umonakalo omkhulu futhi abangele izifo eziyingozi.

Lapho entrained igazi izidakamizwa eziyingozi? Zibhekene isenzo leukocyte. La mangqamuzana zokuzivikela ukuncela bese kugaywe zonke amaprotheni angaphandle, amagciwane kanye nezilwanyana ezincane. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi phagocytosis, noma ukugaya intracellular. Ngokwenza kanjalo, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi afe futhi abasha akhiwa e-lymph kanye thymus.

Lapho izinto eziyingozi eyenziwa kuthiwa kude ngegazi?

Kanye ukudla emoyeni ngaphakathi emzimbeni futhi ezihlukahlukene ubuthi. Lapho izinto eziyingozi eyenziwa kuthiwa kude ngegazi? Okokuqala, bona adlule okuthiwa isithiyo izitho. Cabangela lo mshini wezenzo zabo ngesibonelo sesibindi.

Kuyinto indlala ngobukhulu wokugaya ukudla, okuyinto uthola igazi ngemithambo esiswini namathumbu. Nawa oyihlungile ngakho compounds ewusizo futhi ubuthi kuthiwa neutralized. Bekanye Bile, zingabantu okukhiphayo ngaphandle. Isibindi futhi kwenzeka phagocytic ekubhujisweni wabhubhisa erythrocyte. Excretion izidakamizwa eziyingozi kanye engadingeki kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa izitho zokugaya, zokuphefumula, urinary nesikhumba. The main imikhiqizo exchange zihlanganisa carbon dioxide, urea, nosawoti of izinsimbi ezisindayo.

Umsebenzi umsoco igazi

Manje ake sibone, baphi wathumba ngegazi izakhi ubhujiswe. Amaprotheni, lipids kanye carbohydrate kukhona biopolymers. Lokhu kusho ukuthi aqukethe eziningi amayunithi ukuphinda. Ngo ipheshana wokugaya ukudla amaprotheni ukubola ku-amino acid, polysaccharides - carbohydrate elula, namafutha - glycerin kanye ephakeme carboxylic acid.

Ngakho ethile namandla ikhishwe esetshenziswa ukusebenzisa izinto eziphilayo izinqubo zokuphila. Kungani ukubhujiswa biopolymers? Into wukuthi ama-molecule awo zinkulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, abakwazi ukungena kusukela ipheshana sokugaya ukudla bungene egazini. I monomers futhi wenze lokhu kalula. Njengoba igazi lamanje ezidla emangqamuzaneni eziyishumi nemitshingo lapho futhi kukhona "inhlangano" yabo ukwakha izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi organic.

Ukuqala kokusetshenziswa negesi lokushintshisana

Negesi lokushintshisana futhi imfuneko ukusebenza emzimbeni evamile. the umgudu, umoya-mpilo ongena emaphashini, aqukethe inani elikhulu Bubbles ezincane - le-alveoli. Iqhaza zalezi zakhiwo ezincane nawo njengomnyango mkhulu kakhulu. Kungenxa negesi lokushintshisana alveoli kwenzeka phakathi izinhlelo zokuphefumula futhi kwegazi.

Umsebenzi wabo dine phelile ndawonye. Nge-mpilo, namachibi izinto eziningi eziphilayo, okuholela kwakhiwa-carbon dioxide. Le into lwakha kwakwakhe engazinzile nge-hemoglobin. Lapho abazenzi egazini carbon dioxide futhi umhwamuko? Yiqiniso, emuva emaphashini ke exhale, basuke isuswe emzimbeni.

Ngakho, esihlokweni saxoxa, okuyinto basusa igazi izinto eziyingozi. Emzimbeni, ziya eziningana imigqa okuthiwa yokuzivikela. Lawa igazi lymph emathunjini ipheshana, isibindi, izinso, isikhumba kanye namaphaphu. Ingxenye neutralized izinto eziyingozi kuyo, nabo bonke abanye uyaphuma ngezidumbu Ukukhetha. Ngalesi inqubo ke inakekelwa njalo imvelo yangaphakathi futhi umsebenzi ayisivikelo igazi wenziwa.