Kungani injini idla amafutha: izimbangela ezikhona

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abanikazi bezimoto babhekene nokusetshenziswa kwamafutha amaningi enjini. Kunezizathu eziningi zalesi sifiso sokwanda. Kumele sitshele masinyane ukuthi ezimotweni eziningi zanamuhla ezinye izindleko zisezici. Kodwa uma kukhulu kakhulu, kufanele uqale ukuxilonga imoto. Cabangela izizathu ezivamile zokuthi kungani injini idla amafutha.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa kakhudlwana

Njengoba sekuphawuliwe, ukusetshenziswa okuvumelekile kuyabonakala - yiwo amafutha emfucumfucu. Mane nje, kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwe-ICE, itshisa ingxenye encane ye-lubricant ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Iqiniso liwukuthi uketshezi olutshisayo lujikeleza ohlelweni futhi luwela phezu kwento ngayinye yezimoto, kufaka phakathi izindonga zamasilinda. I-piston ngayinye ifakwe izindandatho ezikhethekile eziqoqa izinsalela zamatshe okugcoba kusukela ezindongeni zegumbi lokufudumala ukuya ku-crankcase. Kodwa-ke, ingxenye encane isalele ezindongeni zama-cylinders bese ishisa kanye nenhlanganisela yephethiloli nomoya. Ngakho-ke, izindleko zokugcoba uketshezi kufanele zibe kusuka ku-0.05% kuya ku-0.25% wevolumu yokushiswa okushisayo. Isibonelo, uma imoto isetshenziswe ngamalitha angu-100. I-petroli, khona-ke ukusetshenziswa okuvumelekile kwamatshe okugcoba akufanele kube ngaphezu kuka-25 g. Nokho, lokhu kuyinani eliphakeme. Ukusetshenziswa okungenani kuya kufika ku-5 g. Lona ngumkhawulo ovumelekile. Uma kukhona ukwehluka, kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthi kungani injini ye-diesel idla amafutha.

Emayunithi amasha, uketshezi oluthile lungase lungadliwa nhlobo. Kodwa kwenzeka uma nje injini iphelele ngokuphelele. Njengoba izindlela eziyisisekelo ziphela, lesi sibalo sizokhula. Uma izindleko zikwesabisa, kufanele ufune imbangela. Futhi ukuze kuqedwe, kubalulekile ukuxosha yonke imoto. Futhi, isizathu singaba lula, okulula ukuqeda. Okuqhubekayo - mayelana nezinkinga eziyisisekelo eziholela ekukhusheni kokusetshenziswa kwamafutha.

Ukugqoka okunamandla kwamafutha

Emapistoni kwanoma yiliphi i-ICE kunamakhadi akhethekile-okukhishwayo - enye ye-piston ngayinye. Njengoba, njengoba sekushiwo kakade, kuyadingeka ukuvikela ama-cylindle ukungena kuwo. Njengoba izindandatho zisondelene kakhulu nodonga lwegumbi lokushisa, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo lihlotshaniswa nokuqhuma okuqhubekayo, banesakhiwo sokusulwa. Uma kukhona ukugqoka, khona-ke izikhala ziyokwanda, lapho izikhukhula zokugcoba zizogeleza khona ekamelweni lokushisa. Lapho, i-lubricant izoshisa ngokuphepha nge-fuel mix, bese iphuma ohlelweni lokukhipha umfutho ngesimo somusi. Lena impendulo yombuzo othi kungani injini idla amafutha nomusi. Futhi, uma kwenzeka injini enkulu ishisa, izindandatho zingalala phansi - zilahlekelwa ukuqina kwazo futhi zicindezelwa ezihlalweni zazo zibe pistons. Ziqhathanisa le nkinga ngokubhema okwesibhakabhaka ovela kumbhobho we-exhaust. Ungakwazi ukuqeda ukuhlukunyezwa ngokufaka lezi zindandatho ezifanayo.

Izindonga ze-cylinder ezigqamile

Lesi esinye isizathu esithandwayo sokuba amafutha e-injini adle kakhulu. Lapha igeleza ngokukhululekile emigqumeni enkulu emagumbini okushisa ngokusebenzisa izikhala, lapho kusha. Ungayiphinde uyihlole ngotshani. Ukuqeda ukuwohloka, ukulungiswa okukhulu kuyadingeka nge-boring ye-cylinder block. Kodwa kunesinye isisombululo senkinga - ukuthola itsha elisha. Kodwa lokhu kuyindlela ebiza kakhulu.

Ukuvuza ngama-caps akhiqizwa ngamafutha

Ikhefu elikhishwa ngamafutha liwuphawu olukhethekile lweoli kule injini. Yenziwe ngezinto ezikhethekile ezikwazi ukumelana kalula namazinga aphezulu okushisa. Ngenxa yokugqoka okukhulu, ibhokisi lokugxila lilahlekelwa izici zalo ezigxile. Ngenxa yalokho, izindleko zokuvuza nokuphezulu kwe-lubricating fluid. Ukuze ususe ama-caps, udinga kuphela ukususa ikhanda le-cylinder. Akudingekile ukuhlukanisa yonke injini. Lokhu kungabiza kakhulu ekuqedeni isizathu sokuba injini idle amafutha. Le nkinga ivame ukuthinteka yizinjini ezisuka ku-Subaru. Abanikazi abaningi balezi zimoto bakhononda ngokusetshenziswa okuphezulu. Abanye babhala ukuthi lokhu kuyinto evamile futhi lezi zinjini empeleni zinomklamo onjalo (ukuphikisa). Kodwa-ke, isizathu esiningi sokuba injini yamafutha idle i-Subaru ej20 yi-caps ekhishwa ngamafutha.

Ukuvuza kwe-GBC gasket

Iphutha elinjalo livame ukubonakala emotweni ene-mileage. Kulo olusha, lokhu akukwenzeki nhlobo - ngaphansi kwezimo zokukhiqiza ama-bolts aqiniswe kahle kakhulu. Emishini ene-mileage ephakeme, lapho ukugqoka kwesithuthuthu sekuvele kukhulu ngokwanele, i-gasket iyashisa nje. Lokhu kwenzeka kaningi ngokwanele. Kudingeka indawo yokufakelwa kwe-gasket ukulungisa inkinga. Ukuze wenze lokhu, mane nje ususe ikhanda le- cylinder. Ngemuva kokuthi ifakiwe entsha, kunconywa ukuthi uqinise izinkinobho ngokulinganayo, ukuze ukuvuza kungafaki futhi.

Ama-seal e-Crankshaft Oil

Endabeni yokugqoka okunzima, ukushisa okuphansi noma ukugcwalisa injini yamafutha omzimba ompofu, izimpawu zamanzi zivame ukuphuma, okubangela izinga lokugeleza eliphezulu. Izindleko zokufaka uphawu olusha lwamafutha alincane, kodwa inani lomsebenzi wokufaka esikhundleni likhulu kakhulu.

I-turbine rotor kuma-injini amakhulu

Uma imoto ifakwe i-turbocharger, ukuvuza kungakhula kakhulu. Kungenzeka ukuthi umise ohlelweni lwamafutha ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu uma kugcizelelwa ukugqoka kwesikhwama se-turbine rotor. Lapho le moto iqala ukusebenza ngokuhlukile, into yokuqala yokuhlola ukusebenza okulungile kwe-rotor.

Amaphutha amaningi

I-lubricant igeleza ngokusebenzisa isihlungi samafutha. Esinye sezibonakaliso zesimpawu - amabala kanye namathanga ngaphansi komoto ngemuva kokupaka. Isizathu sokuvuza kuwukuqina okubuthakathaka kwezindlu zokuhlunga. Ungakwazi ukuphuma kalula kule nkinga - qinisa lesi sihlungi ngokuqinile. Lokhu kuzosusa ngokushesha ukuvuza. Futhi, abashayeli babhekene nokuvuza ngokusebenzisa ikhava yekhanda le-cylinder. Kwamanye amamodeli amaningi we-auto aqondiswe ku-6-12 amabhutshi. Ezinye zazo zingase zingasetshenzisiwe nje. Ezindleko eziphakanyisiwe nazo zihola namafutha omgangatho ompofu. Iqiniso liwukuthi uma izigcoko zifika ku-piston, zishisa ngokushesha. Kunconywa ukugcwalisa umkhiqizo wekhwalithi ephakeme bese izindleko zizobuyela ezijwayelekile.

Isitayela sokugibela

Akubona bonke abantu abahamba ngokuthula. Ngezindlela zokushayela ezishisayo, lapho injini ikhula kuze kube sekupheleni, ungakhohlwa ukuthi lena yimodi eyingozi nokusetshenziswa kwamafutha amaningi. Uma kunjalo, lokhu kuyinto evamile.

Isikhathi sonyaka

Esinye isici isikhathi sonyaka. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwasebusika kuphakeme, njengoba imoto isebenza ezinqabeni ezinzima. Ama mechanical auto mechanics batusa ama-winters abanzi ukuba basebenzise amafutha aphezulu aphezulu ane-viscosity ephansi-ke ngezindleko zonke ezizobe zikhona.

Izinjini ze-Diesel

Sasihlola izinjini ze-petroli, futhi manje sizokuhlaziya ukuthi kungani injini ye-diesel idla amafutha. Ukusetshenziswa okukhulu, uma 1 l of lubisi iya ku-10 000 km. Izimbangela zokusetshenziswa kwamafutha ezinjini ze-dizeli zifana nokufana nephethiloli. I-grease ingadlulela egameni le-oil crankshaft seal. Futhi, ukuvuza kuhamba ngokusebenzisa i-cylinder head head gasket noma i-oil-reflecting caps. Kunconywa ukuhlola ipompo yokujola. Ezingama-25% zamacala anjalo, inkinga ikhona ngqo kulo. Ukuhluleka komjovo wepompi kuhlukile. Ngesinye isikhathi, ungenza ukulungiswa, kwenye - udinga indawo. Phakathi kwezizathu ezenza i-injini isebenzise i-mafuta ku-KamAZ, ungakwazi ukuqeda umsebenzi omude kwimodi engenzi lutho. Futhi, ukuvuza kuvame ukubonwa nge-turbocharger system lubrication - ukuqeda ukuqinisa ukuxhuma ohlelweni lwe-turbocharger noma ukushintsha ama-gaskets. Ngisho nokugeleza okuphezulu kuholela ekuhlanzeni umoya ovuthayo kanye nokudla emoyeni. Lokhu kungaqedwa kalula ngokuyihlanza.

Injini ehlukile

Imiklamo yezinjini eziphikisanayo zanamuhla ziwukuthi, ngisho nasesimweni sabo esisha, zizosebenzisa izindwangu ezingaphezulu kunezinye zazo ezijwayelekile. Abakhiqizi ngokwabo, isibonelo i-Subaru, bathi ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwe-injini ephikisayo kungu-1 litre ngo-2000-2500 km. Phakathi kwezizathu zokuthi kungani injini ephikisayo idla amafutha, kungase kube namasongo, ama-caps, ukuvuza. I-Engine diagnostics iyadingeka.

Ukwandisa ukudla ngemuva kokuqeda

Kubuye kwenzeke ukuthi injini evuselelwe ngokuphelele ayijabulisi umnikazi wayo. Ukuqonda izizathu, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokulungiswa okwenziwe. Mhlawumbe, ama-pistons awazange ashintshe, futhi kuphela ukufakwa kwamasongo okwenziwa - kuzosebenza isikhathi eside kuma-piston oval. Eqinisweni, izizathu zokuthi kungani ngemuva kokuba injini enkulu yokugcoba idle amafutha, kakhulu. Futhi ukuze uthole ukungasebenzi, kungcono ukuxubha imoto nokuyihlola. Kodwa lokhu kunconywa kuphela ochwepheshe.

Isiphetho

Sasihlola izizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani injini idla amafutha. Lolu lwazi kufanele lusize abashayeli bamabhayisikili ekutholeni izimoto zabo.