Kanjani ukuba banikele ngegazi kusukela umunwe: manipulation algorithm

Igazi amasampuli kusukela umunwe - inqubo ezivamile ngempela. Nge isidingo azihlole, ngezinye izikhathi zibheke wonke umuntu kungakhathaliseki ubulili noma yobudala. Ngakho-ke, abaningi uyazibuza kanjani ukuthatha igazi kusuka kwesokudla ngomunwe? Njengoba kunqunywa ngesikhathi izifundo zakhe amasampuli? Yimiphi imithetho kumele zithobele ukuthola imiphumela olunembile kakhulu?

Kungani sidinga ekuhlaziyweni?

Iziguli eziningi, imitholampilo kanye nezibhedlela kwasekuqaleni ithunyelwa ukuba igazi ihlolwe kusukela umunwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlola izizathu ezinjalo iqhutshwa futhi izinyathelo zokuvimbela. Kuze kube yimanje, amasampula cwaningo okuthiwa capillary igazi kuyinto ezingabizi kakhulu, ngendlela okwamanje ulwazi. Phela, imiphumela unike udokotela ithuba ukucacisa isimo wonke umzimba.

Ngenxa ezifana izifundo laboratory kungaba ukusungula ucishe olunembile kakhulu segazi, kanye ukunquma iqembu layo futhi iqukethe amaprotheni RH isici. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlaziywa jikelele kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba ukwazi ezingeni elithwala umoya-mpilo, futhi erythrocyte sedimentation izinga izinkomba.

Ukunqunywa igazi ibala: kungani idingeka?

ucwaningo Laboratory ikuvumela ukusetha okucishe kwamangqamuzana egazi kwakhiwa, okuyinto wenza sikwazi ukunquma isimo jikelele zomzimba. Phela, akuyona imfihlo ukuthi cishe yisiphi isifo kufaka ushintsho ukubala igazi. Kuyini unaka ochwepheshe laboratory kanye odokotela?

• Tabulating inani leukocyte futhi umehluko ukuhlaziywa (ekutholeni inani basophils, eosinophils, ama-neutrophil monocytes lymphocyte). Isibalo amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi luyanda khona ukutheleleka nokuvuvukala, futhi ushintsho ezingeni ngalinye izinhlobonhlobo la mangqamuzana kubonisa inkinga ethile.
• Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazinga e-hemoglobin kulinganiswa kanye nenani kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu. Ngokwesibonelo, wanciphisa inani amangqamuzana abomvu egazi kungase kubonise igazi.
• Platelet ibala kusiza ukusungula khona izifo ezithile umnkantsha, futhi angase abhekisele ukuhlukumeza igazi coagulation.

Kuyini ESR?

Phakathi ukuhlaziywa jikelele igazi ezikhonjwe erythrocyte sedimentation izinga. Imiphumela yalesi ukuhlaziywa azicacile - esebonisa ukuba khona noma yikuphi ukuphulwa, kodwa unganikezi ulwazi mayelana nezizathu nesenzakalo yabo. Ingqikithi yalo cwaningo ilula - izinga sedimentation kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu e-plasma kuncike ikhono lazo lokuhlangnanisa (agglutination). Ngo evamile ESR kuyinto 2-15 mm ngehora kwabesifazane 1-10 mm ngehora for amadoda. Ukushintsha Inkomba kungase kube uphawu ongaqondile ukuvuvukala nezinye izinqubo sokugembula.

Kanjani ukuba banikele ngegazi kusukela umunwe? imithetho ukuqeqeshwa

Ngokushesha kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi kukhona izinto eziningi ezingathinta indlela yokwakheka igazi, futhi ezinye izindawo zayo. Yingakho abantu abaningi banesithakazelo umbuzo kanjani ukuthatha igazi umunwe kahle. Empeleni, imithetho silula:

• Dlula ukuhlolwa igazi umunwe ekuseni, njalo esiswini esingenalutho. izifundo Laboratory kuqondile kakhulu kuphela uma amasampula okuyakuba ngasemva amahora 8-12 emva esidlweni sokugcina. Yingakho emitholampilo kakhulu igazi amasampuli kwenziwa kusuka 7,00 kuya 11,00.
• Ekuseni Uvunyelwe ukuba baphuze esincane amanzi plain (hhayi soda, hhayi amnandi).
• Ukukhethwa kungenzeka amacala kuphela uma isiguli esolwa sina, ukugula engathí sina, ezifana isifo senhliziyo, appendicitis, pancreatitis acute - kulezi zimo, awukwazi ukulinda kuze kube sekuseni.
• Akunakusetshenziswa akufanele unikele ngegazi uma uke bebephuza owedlule kusihlwa iziphuzo. Ukuba khona utshwala emzimbeni kungahlanekezela imiphumela yokuhlolwa, ngakho kungcono ukuhambisa ukuhlaziywa ngosuku olulandelayo.
• Ochwepheshe batusa ukuba ugweme phambi lokuqoqa amasampula umzimba okukhulu, kanye nokuvakasha sauna, kokuthola eshaweni abandayo. imiphumela eqinile phezu izici ezingaphandle zingawuthonya igazi ifomula.
• Ngokushesha ngaphambi Assay akufanele ukukuthinta kalula, njengoba lokhu kungase kuthinte inani leukocyte ku-formula.

Ngakho bheka imithetho sendlela banikele ngegazi kusukela umunwe. Bunake izincomo, ngoba imiphumela yokuhlolwa ayilungile kungathinta uphethwe wokugcina.

Igazi amasampuli kusukela umunwe: algorithm

Esikhathini esigabeni sangaphambilini simchazela Amalungiselelo cwaningo. Kodwa wenza igazi amasampuli kusukela umunwe? I-algorithm libukeka kanje:

• Capillary egazi losana yesine (eligodliwe igama lakhe) ngomunwe esandleni sobunxele.
• Ukuqala uchwepheshe kumelwe sesule isikhumba isinqandakuvunda (ngokuvamile asetshenziselwe le nhloso ikhambi utshwala).
• Ukuze lubhoboze isikhumba usebenzisa ekhethekile inaliti-scarifier. Wokubhoboza umkhiqizo ohlangothini lokuqala ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu. Inalidi sifakwe kwi-ka 2.5-3 mm ukujula.
• Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngemva wokubhoboza yegazi kumelwe senze ngokukhululekile. Abanye ochwepheshe cindezela kakhulu izicubu ukuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi. Inkinga iwukuthi ngezinye kucindezela kuya okuxubile wegazi nezicubu uketshezi ukuthi uyovele kuthinte imiphumela yocwaningo.
• Eyokuqala kwelivi iconsi legazi lisuswe nge oyinyumba ukotini swab - akusiyo ulwazi.
• Ekuqaleni ukwakha esincane igazi ukuze kutholakale izinga elithwala umoya-mpilo kanye nesilinganiso ESR. Le ngxenye igazi yesibili isetshenziswa ukucacisa inombolo izakhi kwakhiwa. Khona-ke, ngosizo izibuko ukwenza imivimbo ezivumela uhlole amaseli ngesibonakhulu ngokushesha.
• Kumele wakhumbula ukuthi ngesikhathi sale nqubo laboratory edingekayo ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa ahlanzekile, imishini luhlanzekile futhi amagilavu alahlwayo.

Ngingalutholaphi azihlole?

Njengoba kushiwo, igazi umunwe sabelwe cishe njalo nesineke oye esibhekiswe udokotela ngezikhalazo empilweni. Lona cwaningo elula kakhulu, ezingabizi futhi ulwazi, esinikela ngolwazi Uchwepheshe isimo jikelele isiguli.

Ngakho-ke, igazi izibonelo zalokho, kanye cwaningo yayo laboratory, eyenziwa cishe kuwo wonke esibhedlela kanye nomtholampilo. Kukhona emitholampilo yangasese zokuxilonga ukunikela inkonzo efanayo. Uma unanoma yimiphi imibuzo mayelana lapho ukuba unikele ngegazi kusuka umunwe, bese udinga nje cela udokotela ukuba khona.