Izinhlobo yokukhuluma kwengqondo: izici, ngezigaba, umdwebo, ithebula

Enye yezinto ezinkulu isintu embuzweni. Lena into eyingqayizivele, elikwaziyo ngokugcwele ukuba ngiziqonde kuphela abantu. Ngaleli thuluzi, abantu bacabanga, ukuxhumana nabanye, ukuveza imizwa yabo. EGrisi lasendulo, umuntu kuthiwa "izilwane ukukhuluma", kodwa kunomehluko obalulekile kakhulu. Phela, abantu abagcini nje ukwakha uhlelo umsindo amasignali adlulisa imizwa yabo nemicabango, kodwa futhi ukuchaza ngosizo izwe elizungezile. Izinhlobo yokukhuluma kwengqondo ihlukaniswa futhi zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu eziningana.

amafomu Basic yokukhuluma

Izilimi ezisetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke ube nobuso - kubonakala enkulumweni. Akuve okudingeka bashintshashintshe ngayo futhi has izinhlobo eziningi. Kodwa zonke main izinhlobo yokukhuluma kwala maqembu amabili ahlukaniswe Psychology: 1) eshiwo ngomlomo; 2) ngokubhala. Kodwa akuzona okuthile okuphambene nomunye futhi eduze munye. yokufana kwawo main - uhlelo umsindo, lapho bobabili zisekelwe. Cishe zonke izilimi ngaphandle, obhalwe ngolimi lebhaliwe kubhekwa njengendlela uhlobo okudluliswa kokwaziswa ngomlomo. Ngakho, singathola isifaniso ngomculo. Noma umuphi umculi, ebuka amanothi ngokuphindaphindiwe kuthatha melody ukuthi umqambi wayechaza ukuthini, futhi uma kukhona izinguquko, bona abangelutho. Futhi umfundi izalana igama noma inkulumo lishicilelwe ephepheni, isikhathi ngasinye nokuveza isikali kucishe.

inkulumo dialogical noma okuxoxa

Qobe talking, uma umuntu ebhema owaqalwa inkulumo - kukhulunywa. Isici yokukhuluma kwengqondo embiza dialogical noma okuxoxa. Sici Its main esokunakekela asebenzayo elinye eqembu, okusho umuntu. Ukuze khona zayo kufanele kube abantu okungenani ababili ekhulumisanayo usebenzisa alula kanye ematfuba ulimi. Kusukela umbono kwengqondo, lolu hlobo inkulumo iyona elula. Kube ayidingi setfulo enemininingwane, njengoba interlocutors enqubeni inkhulumomphendvulwano kahle nomunye, futhi ngeke ubunzima ukuze uqede ngokwengqondo ibinzana ukuthi omunye umuntu wathi. Izinhlobo yokukhuluma kwengqondo zahlukahlukene kakhulu, kodwa inkhulumomphendvulwano libhekene lokuthi konke lokhu kuyaqondakala esimeningcondvo isimo. Lapha verbosity kakhulu, ngoba wonke umusho ingena esikhundleni eziningi izipesheli.

monologues

Izinhlobo yokukhuluma kwengqondo is kahle wakwambula, futhi omunye wabo kuyinto wedwa. It ahluke engxoxweni yokuthi iqhaza ngqo ku kuthatha umuntu oyedwa nje. Konke okunye abalaleli yokwenziwa abamane bayibheka, kodwa awahlanganyeli. Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo inkulumo esetshenziswa izipikha, izikhulu zikahulumeni noma othisha. Kukholakala ukuthi Monologue indaba ithi ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kakhudlwana kuka ingxoxo dialogic, ngoba isikhulumi kumelwe babe nemakhono lehlukahlukene. Kumelwe ngokuhambisana nangokuhlangana njalo ukwakha ekulandiseni kwakhe futhi ngokucacile sokuchaza amaphuzu anzima, futhi bonke kumelwe uhlangane kwezinkambiso namalimi wemiphakathi. Futhi, kufanele sithathe indlela nezindlela okuzotholakala ezilalelini ezithile, kudingeka acabangele imizwa ngokwengqondo izethameli. Futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, kufanele sikwazi ukuzibamba kunoma isiphi isimo.

Ifomu asebenzayo yokukhuluma

Izinhlobo ulimi nendlela yokukhuluma kwengqondo nazo ihlukaniswe mayelana okhuluma ngolunye futhi ekwenzeni utho yilowo oyamukelayo. Kulesi sisekelo wabe ngenkulumo yekwentiwa kanye asebenzayo. Lesi sakamuva kusiza umuntu ukuveza okusengqondweni yakhe, okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo nabanye. Kukhona izindlela izwi ekhethekile esilawula futhi ulawule inkulumo asebenzayo. Basuke etholakala cortex ka Nenkabazwe kwesokunxele ubuchopho, okungukuthi engaphelele ingxenye. Lena indawo ebaluleke kakhulu, ngoba uma ubuhlungu, umuntu nje ngeke bakwazi ukukhuluma. Esikhathini kokwelashwa ukuthi ukwephulwa ibizwa ngokuthi "motor aphasia".

yokwenziwa

kubhekwa amafomu yekwentiwa nolimi yokukhuluma kwengqondo. Kafushane inkulumo ngazo kunzima, ngoba ngesihloko ubanzi kakhulu. Kukholakala ukuthi amakhosi ingane inkulumo yokuqala yekwentiwa. Okungukuthi, kuqala inkosikazi iyazama ukuqonda abantu abakhuluma emhlabeni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uyamlalela ngokucophelela futhi uyakhumbula amazwi okuqala ambalwa bese imishwana. Kuyasiza kuye izwi lokuqala futhi hambisa kulesi siqondiso. Ngakho-ke, inkulumo yokwenziwa elibizwa ngalo siyaqonda. Kodwa leli gama okunemibandela, kanye ngesikhathi sokulalelwa, kukhona okuningi izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Wonke amazwi iqondiswe kithi, thina uphuphuma out "yena", sicabangani ngakho, nakuba izimpawu zangaphandle bawo lo msebenzi siyenzeka. Kodwa ngisho lapha kukhona okuhlukile, ngoba akubona bonke ulalele efanayo: ezinye catch wonke amazwi, futhi othile abazange baqonde okushiwo ingxoxo. Lemibiko inkulumo kwengqondo abachazwa njengalabo labaseShiyoli sincike izici ngazinye ngazinye. Ezinye esihle ukukhuluma njengoba ngenkuthalo, futhi zibukele ukwamukela othile kanzima ukuze unikeze lezi izinqubo ezimbili, nabanye ubuswa omunye wabo.

incwadi

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ngezigaba eyisisekelo yokukhuluma kwengqondo uhlukanisa kube etemlomo nalabhalwako. umehluko oyinhloko Okwesibili itholakala lokuthi ukuthi unesikhathi impahla yenethiwekhi (iphepha, computer, njll). Nakuba lokhu futhi ahlobene imiqondo, kodwa kunomehluko obalulekile phakathi kwalezi zindlela zokuxhumana. inkhulumo lebhalwako uvezwa ngokuphelele phambi labo bayibheka. Ngo amagama akhulunyiwe kuthiwa inkulumo efanayo, omunye ngemva komunye, futhi igama langaphambilini akuseyona kungenzeka ngandlela-thile siqonde, kakade Incibilikile emoyeni. Ibhalwe ngu indaba ngomlomo ngokuphi okuhlukileko nokuthi yokuthi umfundi akwazi ukubuyela ingxenye ethile ye-ebhaliwe, weqa Kwezinye izingxenye kanye nje ufunde decoupling senzo. Lokhu kukunika ezinye inzuzo ukuze lolu hlobo inkulumo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ulalela abantu kabi ababeyizazi kuncike okucatshangelwayo ke kungaba ngcono kakhulu ukufunda idatha efiswayo izikhathi eziningana ukuba zingene kakhulu kuwo. Le ncwadi futhi elula kakhulu umuntu eveza lokho ekucabangayo ephepheni. Angase ngasiphi isikhathi ungalungisa lokho akathandi ukwakha ezithile nokwakheka kolimi lombhalo, kungenzeki futhi. Futhi, ke engase aklonyeliswe sihle kusukela iphuzu yobuhle umbono. Kodwa konke lokhu kudinga umzamo okuningi kusuka umbhali, kumelwe sicabangele ukwakhiwa ibinzana ngalinye, bhala kahle, ngenkathi echaza umcabango eduze ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphandle "amanzi" kakhulu. Kungaba kwenziwe ukuhlola elula ukusiza ukuqonda umehluko ukuthi baphathe lezi zinhlobo yokukhuluma kwengqondo. Ukushayela le nakho silula. Sidinga ukuthatha rekhoda nokuqopha ke phakathi kwabantu ezahlukene ngosuku. Khona-ke kufanele kubhalwe phansi lonke njengoba lunjalo. Njalo iphutha kancane, okungasekelwe ziqondakala indlebe, ephepheni, kumane elithusayo. Ukukhuluma, ngaphandle amazwi namanje isebenzisa amathuluzi eziningi ezisiza adlulisele yonke incazelo emabintana ezikhulunywayo. Lezi zihlanganisa buviyoviyo, isimo sobuso nokushukuma komzimba. Futhi ngokubhala kuyadingeka ukuze baveze konke hhayi ukusebenzisa ngenkathi ugcina izindlela ngenhla.

inkulumo kinetic

Ngesikhathi lapho abantu abangazange okwamanje bafunda ukukhuluma, inkulumo kinetic kwaba ukuphela kwendlela yokuxhumana. Kepha kalokhu asikaziboni isakhuluma izingcezu ezincane kuphela ingxoxo. Lokhu ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo ulimi, okungukuthi ukuthintwa. Batinikela Inkulumo ukutshela wonke umuntu ukusiza isikhulumi ukuze usethe izilaleli ngendlela oyifunayo. Kodwa esikhathini sethu kukhona iqembu elikhulu labantu, esebenzisa inkulumo kinetic njengoba ezinkulu. Laba abantu abanezinkinga bokuzwa futhi inkulumo-apharathasi, ukuthi uyisithulu. Bona zihlukaniswe labo sazalwa zokugula, futhi labo abaye balahlekelwa ikhono okuzwa nokukhuluma ngenxa yengozi noma ukugula. Kodwa lonke likhulume ngolimi lwezandla, futhi lokhu kuyinto evamile ngabo. Le nkulumo atfutfuke kakhulu kunemakhono ukuthi phansi ekhuluma ngabantu basendulo, njengoba uhlelo uphawu ithuthuke kakhulu.

inkulumo kwangaphakathi

umsebenzi Abaqaphela yimuphi umuntu kusekelwe umcabango, it is, esikhundleni salokho, libhekisela inkulumo kwangaphakathi. Izilwane futhi ukuthi iziqalo yokucabanga kanye ukwazi, kodwa inkulumo kwangaphakathi uvumela umuntu ukuba ajabulele intelligence engakaze ibonwe namakhono ukuze izilwane imfihlakalo. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ngamunye wezwa amazwi eziphindaphindiwe umuntu ikhanda lami, okungukuthi, reverberates. Lo mqondo kuxhumene kakhulu ngokungenakuhlukaniswa inkulumo yangaphakathi, ngoba kungaba kweso ukushintshela ku-ke. inkhulumomphendvulwano yomuntu ngokwakhe ngempela inkulumo kwangaphakathi. Angaba namandla okuwunikela ukufakazela okuthile futhi ugqozi, ukukholisa okuthile ukusekela nangokwenama okukhulu azizimbi kunabanye.

umsebenzi inkulumo

imisebenzi yayo kukhona zonke izinhlobo inkulumo kwengqondo. Ithebula ukusebenza ngamunye wabo kungaba ngokucace kakhudlwana zembula bonke ubuso babo.

Ngakho, inkulumo yomuntu has izinhlobo eziningi, futhi ngayinye kuwo lubaluleke ukwakha kokuxhumana.