Izinhlobo uthuthumele kagesi, izizathu. Usizo lokuqala for umuntu abanjwe ugesi

Ngaphansi electrocution kwakusho ubuqotho kuhlasimulise lesion, izicubu nogwali imisebenzi kokuvela ngaphansi umphumela zezimboni, yasekhaya noma zemvelo zamanje kagesi. izinhlobo ezahlukene uthuthumele kagesi babe nemiphumela ezahlukene emzimbeni, okungase kube umphumela ukusha, iziyaluyalu ukwakheka physico-chemical wegazi, lacerations, waphuka, dislocations, iziyaluyalu izinqubo zangaphakathi bioelectric. ukulimala okunjalo ngokuvamile kwenza ukufa.

Ukwahlukaniswa uthuthumele kagesi

Ngu ubunjalo izilonda kukhona lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo uthuthumele kagesi.

- umonakalo Local zenzeka ukulimala ezishile kwesikhumba, izicubu ezithambile, nemisipha, elektrooftalmii (Ukubhujiswa Ingaphandle iso ulwelwesi), i-metallization kwesikhumba. Endaweni ingozi kagesi libhekene ukubonakala izimpawu kagesi emzimbeni - nezimagqabhagqabha ngokucijile echaziwe grey noma ogodweni ophuzi, kokuvela ezindaweni ukuxhumana umthombo wamandla.

- ukulimala Common ahambisana amaqembu ukushaqeka imisipha kagesi, ebonakaliswa Ukudlikizela, ukukhubazeka wenhliziyo, ukuphefumula.

Kuye kobukhulu zonke izinhlobo uthuthumele kagesi zihlukaniswe amamaki ezine.

- mina Ukulimala kobukhulu wabonakaliswa nokuquleka ngaphandle nokulahlekelwa ukwazi. Futhi, kukhona blanching kwesikhumba, injabulo jikelele, iphika, ikhanda, umfutho wegazi kuyanda. Ngemva ukuqedwa ukushaqeka kuhlasimulise isisulu eseqala ukuzwa ubuhlungu.

- Ukulimala kobukhulu II ephelezelwa Ukudlikizela tonic kanye nokulahlekelwa ukwazi. Ngesikhathi besigaba sesibili e kagesi zokuhlenga abalimale ezingozini waphawula ukwehla komfutho wegazi, ukuphazamiseka okuncane umgudu wokuphefumula. Ngokuvamile kukhona inhliziyo arrhythmia, ukushaqeka.

- III kobukhulu libhekene iziyaluyalu ezinzima zokuphefumula, Ukudlikizela, yamaphaphu uyadabuka semithambo, ukuphazamiseka inhliziyo futhi emhlabeni kwegazi legazi, ukwehla elibukhali umfutho wenhliziyo isigqi thuthuva, lamabutho ka-retina, edema palsy, yamaphaphu. Kwangathi avele foci necrotic emaphashini, isibindi, ubende, amanyikwe kanye yegilo. Umphumela kube ukulimala ngezinga lwesithathu bangaba comatose.

- Ukuze IV degree libhekene ukumisa ukuphefumula ngenxa ukukhubazeka isikhungo zokuphefumula, futhi ventricular fibrillation. Ngokuvamile kuvela by odlula i zamanje kagesi ngokusebenzisa ekhanda lomuntu.

Ngu ubunjalo umthelela kagesi kungaba lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo uthuthumele kagesi:

- osheshayo wathola imizuzwana embalwa;

- okungamahlalakhona, esukela ukuxhumana ngqo futhi isikhathi eside nge umthombo wamanje oqinile.

Izimbangela shock ngogesi

Abalimala yi zamanje kagesi kungaba nabo umthombo ekhaya, emsebenzini noma umbani. Direct umbani isiteleka - kuba ngesikhathi osithandayo, amandla isici esiyinhloko lapho umuntu oVikelwe akakwazi. Kwezinye izimo, isizathu ukuba kanje.

- Psycho-bokuphila nemvelo. Okungukuthi, abangabantwana ukulimala kungenzeka kubangelwa ukunakwa kahle, ukucindezeleka, ukukhathala ngokweqile, ezempilo, isidalwa esingumuntu bedle izidakamizwa, utshwala.

- I lobuchwepheshe nemvelo. Lezi zizathu zihlanganisa ukwehluleka zikagesi, lapho ukungezwani kungenzeka metal izingxenye idivayisi; ukusetshenziswa zikagesi, hhayi inhloso yabo ehlosiwe; ukuphazamiseka supply voltage; ukwephulwa imithetho okusebenzela kuyo insimbi.

- yenhlangano. Izimbangela izinyathelo yenhlangano uthuthumele kagesi kungase kube budedengu uma usebenza namadivayisi ukuthi uxhumeke kwi-amapayipi, bengayidebeseleli aphansi imithetho yokuphepha emsebenzini nasekhaya.

On kagesi ukulimala-akhawunti% 2-2.5 kuphela konke ukulimala, futhi ezicini eziningi, bangabantu kabani umsebenzi kuhlobene ngokuqondile ukuba ugesi, okungukuthi, ugesi, fitters ezakhiwe okusezingeni eliphezulu, abakhi.

Electric ukushaqeka kungenzeka khona yingozi womuntu voltage kagesi noma samanje ngenxa yesimo umzimba kanye isimo sempilo yomuntu, ubunjalo izimo.

Izimpawu abanjwe ugesi

Okwamanje yokuthi umuntu abanjwe ugesi, umuntu uzwa push spasm, imisipha, Punch evutha. Ngemva wamanje iyeke ukusebenza, izimpawu eziyinhloko ebonwe isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko. Izimpawu yokulimala kusuka zamanje kagesi Ziningi enibaziyo isithombe basemtholampilo ukuxukuzeka ingqondo. Kukhona ubuthakathaka, ukucobeka, nandaba imvelo, isicanucanu, ikhanda kanye nesiyezi.

Isimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi esabelayo ngakho ukuba abanjwe ugesi:

- ukwanda kokuqala, kulandele ukwehla elibukhali umfutho wegazi;

- kwenhliziyo;

- arrhythmia;

- kweNdikimba imingcele inhliziyo.

I zingavela crackles ku izithombe radiographic ukukhanya Kutholwe foci of emphysema, ukukhwehlela kwenzeka. Kwezinye izimo, ukwehluleka oyingozi zokuphefumula kutholwa. Ezinye izisulu uhlushwa ukuhlanza nohudo, ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo.

Burns nge electrocution

ezishile Electric kwenzeka endaweni ukungena futhi ephuma kagesi. Kodwa ukuntuleka amalebula zamanje akufanele kuthathwe ibhaxa ukuqeda abanjwe ugesi. Abaningi izisulu (30%) angekho uphawu.

ukusha agesi Ubuye degrees eziningana zaba namandla kakhulu.

Izinga lokuqala imelelwa foci elincane epidermal coagulation ngaphandle kumiswa Bubbles.

Okwesibili-degree burns adonsela phansi ukunikeza lesion Imininingwane kwesikhumba lapho kumiswa Bubbles.

Izinga wesithathu izilonda ephelezelwa yonke isikhumba ukujiya kanye dermis. Kukhona necrosis ezingabalulekile.

Lapho degree wesine kobukhulu iyathinteka hhayi kuphela isikhumba kodwa futhi izicubu engaphansi, eba necrosis ezijulile.

ukusha okukha phezulu lapho electrocution mancane ezivamile kuka ukusha ezijulile. Electrocution kwezinye izimo kungase kuhambisane izindawo ezinkulu umonakalo izicubu noma charring yezingalo nemilenze.

Ukuxilongwa ukulimala ekubeni ngumbani

Lapho ukuhlukumezeka okubangelwa umbani, wathi:

- Elaine wavaleka amehlo okwesikhashana;

- nezimungulu lesikhashana ubuthulu;

- umuzwa sokugembula wobugwala,

- Ukwesaba ukukhanya;

- ukukhubazeka we zokuphefumula futhi uhlelo inhliziyo;

- ikhanda.

ukubonakaliswa Ukugqama ethize zalezi zimpawu incike ngobucayi ukulimala.

Usizo lokuqala ngesikhathi ingozi kagesi

Ukuze bakwazi ukusiza Olimele kufanele uqale bazivikele. Kufanele unqunywe voltage umthombo, zokudonsa bentambo kusukela onesandla esaphukileyo. Uma lokhu kungeke kwenzeke, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba uqokomise lesi sisulu umthombo wamandla. Ukuze lokhu kudingeka ukusebenzisa imishini zokuzivikela, njengemoto ibhodi, induku lokhuni, amathuluzi ngci, amagilavu iraba, nangokuvikela izisekelo, izicathulo rubberized. Uma kungekho mathuluzi zokuphepha, ungazivikela ngenkathi ushayela ku-ethintekile encane "duck izinyathelo". izinyawo ngesikhathi esifanayo akudingeki aphakamise phansi. Uzwane onyawo omunye kumele njalo kube kuhambisana esithendeni olunye unyawo.

Donsa Olimele endaweni yokulimala kumele okungenani ibanga 10-15 amamitha. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukuba uyigcine ingubo ngaphandle akakho onegunya lokuthelisa izingxenye wadalula zomzimba. Usizo lokuqala for ingozi kagesi kufanele aqale ukunikeza, lapho isisulu endaweni ephephile. Ungene ukuphefumula nokushaya kwenhliziyo. Uma akuzwakali, kubalulekile ukuqala ukwenza yokufakelwa emishinini yokuphefumula kanye nesifuba compressions. Uma umuntu akaphelelwa ukwazi, kufanele bayicabange sine ukunikeza ngangokunokwenzeka ukuba baphuze ilindele ukufika nge-ambulense.

Uma isikhumba ngokucacile ukusha ebonakalayo, kufanele, khona okuhlanzekile ngebhandeshi noma indwangu ibhandishi. Uma kukhona ukwa okusolakala, kubalulekile ukuba imbande esitho.

ukuphathwa ezalandela ukusha

Landela-up ukunakekelwa kanye ingozi kagesi ngezinga lokuqala akudingekile njalo. umuntu ofanayo nge ukulimala 2nd, 3rd kanye degrees 4th of kobukhulu emva usizo lokuqala kunesidzingo khona kufanele zilethwe uhlukunyezwe noma iphuzu kuhlinzwa lapho wafanelekela uzonikezwa usizo lwezokwelapha.

Into yokuqala okumele uyenze - it is zigonyelwe nomhlathi-ngqi. Khona-ke iqala ukwelashwa ngezihloko ezihlukene ukusha kanye nokwelashwa jikelele ukulungisa uhlelo, ukusebenza kwezitho zomzimba.

Kusukela ngomhla ka-emsini kumalebula indawo zisetshenziswa kusaladi oyinyumba obulala amagciwane. isikhumba ashisiwe zingavezelwa UV ngemisebe, okuyinto kusiza inqubo yokufa kwamangqamuzana engokwemvelo futhi esheshisa inqubo lemfundo bayobuyiselwa epithelium enempilo.

In parallel ukuphathwa endawo umzimba ezindaweni ezilimele kufanele kwenziwe futhi olunzulu ukwelashwa uketshezi elibuyisela umsebenzi kwenhliziyo, kanye umsebenzi ephakathi neuropathy isimiso sezinzwa.

Izinhlobo ezinkulu izinkinga ngemva abanjwe ugesi

Ukulimala kusukela elektrcheskogo eziyingozi njengamanje ngokwazo, ngemiphumela engase ukuthuthukisa ngokushesha bese, ngemuva bedlula kuzolungiswa kuphinde alulame ngokugcwele ekulimaleni. Izinkinga zingase zenzeke:

- iziyaluyalu e apharathasi vestibular;

- izindlebe ngandlela-thile;

- ukulahlekelwa amandla okukhumbula retrograde;

- parezovom nemilenze;

- kwezinso isifo, isibindi, ukwakheka kwetshe izitho;

- umonakalo imithambo yegazi, umgogodla, ingqondo;

- sengqondo neziyaluyalu we nozwela futhi parasympathetic isimiso sezinzwa;

- ikhoma;

- ukopha okukhulu.

Uma kagesi badabula ikhanda, bese lokhu kuhlukunyezwa ongenakugwenywa amehlo nge lamabutho ngwengwzi, cataract, izinguquko intraocular sokugembula imvelo, ukuthuthukiswa glaucoma.

Ukuvimbela uthuthumele kagesi

Okuxhunyanwa ukulimala zokuvimbela kagesi kuhambisana ukuphepha ngesikhathi operation, inhlangano kanye nokulungiswa zikagesi. Abantu abasebenza nge kagesi, kufanele uyalele kumele babe izembatho zokuzivikela. Abantu abakhonza ekhona ukufakwa kagesi kufanele ngezikhathi, kabili ngonyaka, ahlolwe wezokwelapha. Ngakho ngempela okudingeka badlule ngakhona kungenzeka wayedinga owelapha, udokotela ohlinzayo, udokotela wezinzwa, ophthalmologist, Otolaryngologist kufanele.

Nakuba ngokuqondene nemithetho eyisisekelo ukuphepha ukulimala eziningi kusukela kagesi kungagwenywa.