Izilwane ye-Arctic

Kukhona impela ngemibono eqinile mayelana Arctic njengendlela esifundeni abandayo futhi ezingaphili. Yiqiniso, lokhu akuhlangene ne iqiniso. Nezilwane ye-Arctic kungokwasekuqaleni futhi eyingqayizivele, nabameleli bayo emangalisayo sinendima ebalulekile empilweni kule planethi yethu.

I-Arctic uhlukile ngokuya izilwane zawo eziphilayo. Le ndawo kubaluleke ngokukhethekile ngokwahlukana kwemvelo ekhona kule planethi yethu. Ezinye izinhlobo izakhamuzi zakhona awatholakali kwenye indawo emhlabeni. Izilwane abahlala esifundeni Arctic engalingani, nge ushintsho ezindaweni zemvelo siyashintsha kakhulu isibalo abameleli zohlobo ngalunye oluphilayo zakwazi. Uma sithatha njengesibonelo le Taimyr futhi ucabangele izici eziningi zezilwane yayo, khona-ke kuyoba ibanga amakhilomitha 700 zezilwane yayo ukwanda kwabantu kuyoba ezahlukene izikhathi eziningana enyakatho ngaphezulu ingxenye iyikhaya izikhathi 7 esingaphansi izinyoni futhi esingaphansi beetle izikhathi 14.

Omunye izilwane wemisebenzi futhi emuhle kakhulu - reindeer - uhlala lapha. Kuyinto value core emphilweni zabomdabu abantu of the North, esihlinzeka ubisi, ngikhefuzele, inyama, izikhumba - konke, ngaphandle okuyinto ke ngeke siphile at okushisa okuvamile ezingaphansi kwalelo gatsha. Inyamazane asindisa ngayo abantu ephethwe yisifo sezinsini, inikeza amavithamini futhi ikuvumela ukuba ngijabulele ukuphila ngokugcwele. Iningi ezifuywayo inyamazane zabantu Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District.

Musk izinkabi - ungulates elikhulu esifundeni. Lezi ezidla uhlaza e-Arctic kukhona abafana mammoth. Basuke kahle ingashintshwa ukuze izimo ezinzima: ukudla linesizotha, embozwe izinwele ezinde. Namuhla must inkabi ahlelwe njengoba ezisengcupheni. Zihlala Taimyr futhi Wrangel Island.

Kwabaningi ukuthola izilwane noboya-ebizwa ikhaya sokuqala nje kwe-Arctic. Izilwane kwezinhlobo - izimpungushe, ochakide wolverines, izimpisi polar nezimpungushe - ngesisekelo ukuhweba noboya ukuba nabantu bomdabu. Ingabe kubalulekile namagundane: onogwaja, hamsters, lemmings, yizici ezibalulekile eziwukudla kuwo wonke amazinga.

Izilwane ezincelisayo Arctic zasolwandle ivezwa kahle. Bebelokhu kubhekwa uphawu esifundeni. Ezinye yohlobo lwazo manje sokudliwa indoda.

amabhere - uphawu main ye-Arctic. Nazi 19 lalesi silwane imiphakathi. Ingabe indlela yokuphila semi zasemanzini, ukwanda Franz Josef Land, Chukotka Cape Desire.

Enye owakhileyo latitude wendawo - the isilwane sasolwandle esikwaziyo futhi ukuphila ngaphandle ezweni esinamazinyo azingxavula, okuyinto into eyinhloko abazingela Eskimo. Lihlala imikhomo bowhead imikhomo, nezimpawu. imiphakathi Cetacean ethulwa beluga, Narwhal, bowhead nemikhomo grey.

Fish nezilwane kuhlanganisa 430 zinhlobo, zazo iningi inzuzo (ama-cod, i-herring, Scorpionfish, salmon, ulwe, njll). amanzi olufudumele ocebile plankton, - Sea uBarents, okuyinto isikhungo zokudoba Arctic.

I-Arctic iyikhaya ingxenye yabo bonke iplanethi zibuthana. Lokhu-seagull-kittiwakes, fulmars, Bering cormorants, guillemot, ama-gull glaucous, murre thick-ikhokheliswe, tern Arctic. Ehlobo lapha 280 zezinyoni isidleke.

Mayelana 17% kubo bonke zezindela ye-Arctic - izinambuzane, akha ingxenye ezinhlobo planethi. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-mabhungane nezimpukane, lezi zindawo bayakwazi ukuphila okushisa lamadigri 60 ngaphansi kwezingaqhwa.

Namuhla, izilwane eziningi Arctic basengozini ngenxa yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke, okungase okusongelayo nabo indlala. Ngo-2010, ososayensi wamemezela ukuthi 17 kwezilwane engozini yokuqothulwa. Phakathi kwabo, amabhere, izimpungushe, onongwaja 4 zama-imikhomo, must izinkabi, walruses, izimvu zamanzi kanti ezinye izinyoni zasolwandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-2012, kwathiwa baqaphela ukuthi Russian Arctic lingcolile nemikhiqizo kawoyela, zokubasa kanye zokugcoba, ezingaphezu kuka kwamanye amazwe. Kuyinto olunye futhi usongo kithi ukuzinza kwemvelo esifundeni. Ezinye izilwane bayagula futhi ishintshe-Arctic. Sidinga isinyathelo esiphuthumayo ukuze abasindise.