Inhloso izinhlobo yinqwaba

Yinqwaba enzelwe womshini izisekelo izakhiwo kanye izakhiwo yokudluliswa umthwalo emhlabathini, kanye ukwandisa umthwalo esindayo yayo umthamo. Foundation kuyahluka ukuqina, ubulula ongaphakeme ilungiselelo izindleko. Izinhlobo yinqwaba incike ezisetshenziswa, ubuchwepheshe yokukhiqiza, ukuma ekushoniseni indlela.

Umehluko ngomkhiqizo ukuxubana ukusebenzisa izinto nobuchwepheshe ngokucwiliswa. Kulokhu, ukufakwa yinqwaba incike izakhiwo impahla kanye nesakhiwo. Kususelwa izinto kusukela lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• kwagcizelela yinqwaba ukhonkolo noma aphathekako;
• izinkuni;
• metal.

Ukwahlukanisa futhi icubungula zokucwiliswa yabo emhlabathini, kuhlobane ngokuqondile izakhiwo mechanical izici kwesakhiwo.

Yinqwaba: izinhlobo ukucwiliswa

Yinqwaba eyenziwe noma iyiphi impahla kanye zihlukaniswe yokubeka ukulengiswa. Okokuqala isetshenziswa nenhlabathi esithambile ukujula okukhulu. Bona adlulisa umthwalo hhayi kuphela sezikhundleni ezile ngezansi, kodwa nangenduduzo ukungqubuzana phakathi inhlabathi kanye ebusweni uhlangothi. Racks ekupheleni engezansi asekelwe esisekelweni obukhulu lapho ithola yonke umthwalo.

yinqwaba Ukwakhiwa oxhumene nge indlela ukucwiliswa futhi zezinhlobo ezilandelayo.

1. Beqhutshwa - usebenzisa punches izando noma vibrators usebenzisa amadivaysi ngokucindezela. Indlela sisetshenziswa, uma kungekho ezinye izakhiwo ukuthi ukuvevezela kwenhlabathi anganika kwenze.
2. Elingenalutho igobolondo inqwaba. Zichayeké phansi by vibration ukususa inhlabathi kusuka ngaphakathi, esikhundleni salo kube ngodaka ukhonkolo.
3. Drilling - imithombo yamba futhi ugcwale nenye ukhonkolo ukhonkolo noma luqiniswe yokugcizelela isici.
4. Kuphrintiwe - wenza kahle enhlabathini kokucindezelwa wathela ingxube kakhonkolo.
5. Intulo - screwed walihlanganisa nomhlabathi phansi.

Negoqo lezingodo

isisekelo Ngokhuni esetshenziselwa izindlu ukukhanya, lapho isisindo ngalinye 1 m ² endaweni ngezansi ejwayelekile. uqonde wakhe izakhiwo ngenxa yokuphila efanayo isevisi. Ngokuvamile lena izakhiwo zesikhashana futhi ipulazi, izitolo ezincane, imoto izona, coffee shop. Ukuze izikhungo ezinjengalezi azidingeki ukubambisana ezibizayo kusebenza idlula.

Izinhlobo negoqo lezingodo ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka uhlobo amapulangwe esetshenziswa ukubenza. Zenziwa pine, sonwele umsedari, larch, oki nokunye. D. izingodo ukuthatha ngobuqotho futhi ahlanzwa emagxolweni. Inqwaba obuphelele senziwa 4.5 16 m kanye ububanzi 20 cm. Uma Ukungena abalulekile, yinqwaba lokhuni bayanda lungene izakhi ezine. Ukuphela phansi gaya phezu Isigaxa, ubude okuyinto ilingana 1.5-2 isiqu ubukhulu. Ngezinye inhlabathi obukhulu kakhulu noma ukudla okuqinile kusuka phansi isihlangu ezigugile metal. ekupheleni Upper ukuvikela indandatho metal (ijoka) ukuze bazivikele ukusonteka lapho ushayela.

Ngaphambi yinqwaba diving bakhulelisa Ukwakheka ukuba kungonakali: ekhethekile daubing labadubuli. Babe eminye camera nge uwoyela creosote noma osmolkoy isinqandakuvunda futhi amabhandeshi zihambisana.

Ngaphansi kwezihloko zezinsika isisekelo ngokuvamile yamba umthombo izikhathi 1.5 ubukhulu emikhulu. Ngezansi ukwesekwa esetshenziselwa itshe noma mix ukhonkolo. Ngemva kokufaka izigxobo zikagesi futhi wangcwatshwa ngokuqinile tamped. Uma ziphethwe kahle ukhuni yinqwaba ukukhonza kuze kube iminyaka engu-20.

kwagcizelela yinqwaba ukhonkolo

Yinqwaba bakhululwe kusayithi ngomumo ngesimo imishayo noma batheleka isikhunta okuyinto aboshelwe umgodi yamba.

Izinhlobo enqwabelanisa ukwakhiwa kungaba round noma zikanhlangothiningi, nge imikhawulo ezicijile aphansi. Ubude 16 m, ubukhulu esigabeni cross - kusuka 20 kuya 40 cm.

Umkhiqizo ezivame kakhulu square esigabeni cross, njengoba zabasebenzi ngaphansi olunzulu futhi eyinkimbinkimbi ngaphezulu okwenza.

Inqwaba isisekelo, izinhlobo yinqwaba

Isisekelo kudalwa kusukela iqembu yinqwaba, exhunywe kusukela ugongolo phezulu noma setshe (isihlenga isisekelo). inqwaba Single ukumelana ukucindezeleka ingasaphathwa kuqhathaniswa isisindo ukwakhiwa aboveground. Ngakho-ke, kwakheka lokuxhasa ngemacembu.

1. yinqwaba Monolithic

Ngaphambi isando inqwaba emhlabathini, kuqala umgodi yamba kuwo a ka 1.5 m ukujula, okuyinto ikholomu ifakwe. Khona-ke empompini enikeziwe ngesando noma enqwabelanisa kuqhutshwa kuya ukujula edingekayo. Clearance Sizing imbobo egcwele ukhonkolo.

yinqwaba ozwakala ngokhonkolo njalo nakakhulu aqukethe izixhumanisi bajoyine Welding noma imishudo. Ngokwengxenye yabo ephansi emhlabathini, futhi elingenhla nosimende ukhonkolo kuthululwe, ukunika amandla ukuxhumana isisekelo.

2. yinqwaba obunesithukuthezi

Nazi izinhlobo yinqwaba isisekelo sihlanganisa umklamo, ekhiqizwa ngqo esakhiweni.

ukwesekwa obunesithukuthezi ekhiqizwa kanje.

1. Umhlabathi kahle phezu inqwaba ukujula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, inhlabathi iba yamba noma wangishaya. Ngo indlela yokuqala zingaqiniswa phansi udonga bezinhlamvu noma isixazululo ubumba. Uma isikhala aphansi ngaphansi base uphawu kudivayisi ekwandiseni ekhethekile ogibele induku sokuprakthiza.
2. Ngaphakathi kahle ufakwa tube ka ukufulela impahla kanye shuttering we izinduku nokufakwa abane kusaladi ovundlile.
3. Isikhala ingaphakathi ligcwele isixazululo aphathekako uphawu isidlidlizi.

metal yinqwaba

Njengoba yinqwaba usebenzisa iphrofayela kweqa: I-ugongolo, isiteshi noma ipayipi. Ngezinye izikhathi ukukhiqiza ukuqeqeshwa yako yangaphambi ukuthunyelwa. Kulokhu a weld phakathi isiteshi sesibili, ngaleyo ndlela athole imvume tube sikwele.

Yinqwaba angaba futhi kusigaba evulekile. Bakha izingxenye Welding, komzila, mina-imishayo.

I metal isetshenziswa Ezimweni lapho akunakwenzeka ukusungula kwagcizelela yinqwaba ukhonkolo. Kulula ukwandisa njengoba Ukungena walihlanganisa nomhlabathi phansi.

amaphrofayli Metal babe namandla high, okuyinto kusiza odla abo phansi. Ukuze uthole encane cross-section asesabi inclusions kanzima noma ubhujiswe nenhlabathi onamadwala.

Yinqwaba ayisa phansi noma cindezela idwala. At 5 m ukujula ngokwanele ukusebenzisa isando mathupha.

tinhlobo letitsite phakathi yinqwaba imikhiqizo metal - nesikulufu. Ngokunikeza amandla okusezingeni eliphezulu, zingabantu izisekelo ukonga nezobuchwepheshe ngokhonkolo. Yinqwaba kukhona amashubhu ozwakala izindwani yangaphandle. Basuke screwed emhlabathini, njengoba ngezikulufo, kuyilapho esaziwa isimo sawo futhi titibonelo letinkhulu tekuvumelana olwengeziwe. Ngakho it is uvikelwe ujikeleze isiqondiso reverse ukuze singathwesi zilulaza izici base.

Izinzuzo isikulufa yinqwaba

yinqwaba Intulo babe izinzuzo ezilandelayo:

• yokuntuleka yokwemba;
• kungenzeka yokwakha indlu sezwe eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi kulelibala losebe;
• adambise isakhiwo yezakhiwo ngaphandle ezindaweni ngomumo eyakheke;
• okusezingeni eliphezulu umthwalo esindayo umthamo;
• kungekho ukuncipha;
• ikhono ukufaka eduze ukuxhumana futhi noma ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka;
• ngokuqina.

Fundam ka isikulufa yinqwaba isicelo emhlabathini elithambile, lapho umswakama high, umnkantsha futhi fluidity. Njengoba ayikwazi eyakhelwe engaphansi, kodwa lokhu ethile kuvamile kubo bonke izinhlobo inqwaba isisekelo.

Lapho ekhetha isikulufa yinqwaba kufanele sinake okulandelayo.

1. Ngesisekelo ipayipi entsha ezenziwe ngensimbi nge sandblasted futhi antirust-camera okuthembekile. I ukujiya udonga kufanele kube hhayi ngaphansi kuka 4 mm, kanye izindwani - 5 mm.
2. Ipayipi kufanele kube bushelelezi ngaphandle, ngaphandle welds ophumile, futhi ukudla - ifomu elifanele.
3. Ngu Welding izinga izimfuno eliphezulu ngenye compounds musa ukusinda ngesikhathi screwing walihlanganisa nomhlabathi phansi.

Lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo yinqwaba isikulufa:

• ingxubevange kokuba amandla eziphakeme insingo yokushefa ngokwenkambiso uxhumano ipayipi;
• Welding - Welding nge izindwani emzimbeni inqwaba;
• kuhlangene, wabuthela kusuka izingxenye ezimbili - blade Isigaxa.

Intulo yinqwaba kungukuthi shelwe ezindaweni ezinamadwala futhi Stony, nakuba kukhona imishini ekhethekile ukufakwa anjalo.

Ukukhweza isikulufa yinqwaba

1. usayizi ezifanele kuyakhethwa esekelwe ekubalweni efanele ukuhlolwa kwenhlabathi.
2. Ikhishwa mshini, futhi inqwaba isethelwe indawo oyifunayo.
3. Screwing ukukhiqiza imishini ekhethekile, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ungase ngesandla, usebenzisa iziyisikhombisa. Umsebenzi owawenziwa kulesi 2-3. Ukujula Kumelwe kungabi ngaphansi kuka 1.5 m.
4. Inqwaba ensimini inqanyulwa ezingeni elifanayo.
5. Ngaphakathi amapayipi angase ukhonkolo egcwele.
6. Ashiselwe ekupheleni cap phezu yinqwaba, futhi ngemva wenziwa strapping ibha isiteshi noma izingodo. Zokushisela ezivuzayo kuthiwa camera nge ukugqwala ze-mastic.

isiphetho

isicelo Technology ekwakhiweni yinqwaba enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba uxazulule izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi ukwakhiwa ngendlela elula futhi ezingabizi izakhiwo kanye nezinhlaka. I izinhlobo ezahlukene yinqwaba, ngokungafani nezinye izisekelo, ukuvumela ukuthuthukisa isikhala komhlaba nganoma iyiphi inhlabathi futhi ezindaweni lakheke.