Indlela yokwenza ifonotiki izwi ukuhlaziywa

Ikharikhulamu uhlola izigaba eziningana isayensi ulimi. Ngamunye wabo kuhilela ukuhlaziya amayunithi ngokolimi kusukela ephuzwini elithile umbono. Enye yalezi zingxenye kuyinto nemisindo yamagama. ukuhlaziywa Ifonetiki ka izwi kusho ngokwazi ukuthi ezifana imisindo yenkulumo, ukuthi ziyini, ukuxoxa izinhlamvu.

ukuhlaziywa okusho

Ukuze uzwisise ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuhlaziya ifonotiki kwamagama, udinga ukuqonda kahle izimiso ihluzo Russian. Sonke ejwayele acabange ngeligama njengoba yakhiwe ngezinhlamvu ezithile. Eqinisweni, irekhodi ngosizo zamagama - lena eyodwa nje zezindlela, ngaso sonke isikhathi sibonakalisa umsindo indlela akheke ngayo amagama. Asazi ukubhala imisindo, kanye morpheme. Uma sicabanga ngalokho esikuzwayo, umphumela kwakuyoba futhi bengafundile ngokuya yokubhala isiRashiya. Ngokwesibonelo, ukusho esinako "dup" bese ubhala "okini." Final ungwaqa njengoba ngokuhunyushwa yithi, njengoba empandeni "Oak" by nemithetho isipelingi Russian kufanele kugcinwe ifomu sokuqhafaza okufanayo, kungakhathaliseki isithombe umsindo izwi.

Lapho ukuhlaziywa ifonotiki ngesidingo kupela izwi ngokufana ncamashí sakwenza eqinisweni ukuzwa asho (t. E. "Dup" hhayi "Isihlahla se-oki"), bese sikhulumele wonke umsindo kanye izwi iyonke, usebenzisa ulwazi etholwe ukufunda umsebenzi obekwe kwikharikhulamu.

ukuqhutshwa komsebenzi Jikelele

ukuhlaziywa Ifonetiki yokukhuluma kwenziwa uhlelo olucacile futhi uhlakulele ukulandelana senzo. Kulokhu, kubaluleke kakhulu: ukuhlukumeza imithetho esungulwe kungaholela Ukuhlanekezelwa sina namaphutha. Ukulandelana jikelele imi kanje:

1. Nokuveza irekhodi izwi.
2. Isitatimende ukucindezeleka. Ngokuvamile, lo msebenzi eyengeziwe itholakala umfundi -Checks ulwazi mayelana nendlela kahle liphinyiselwe uphawu. Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi "sivumelwano", kufanele ungagxili phezu yokugcina, hhayi ku-ilunga lokuqala.

abulawe efanele yalesi sinyathelo sibaluleke ikakhulukazi uma uhlelo kuthiwa ukuhlaziywa yonkamisa encishisiwe.

1. Lapha kuhlaziywa amagama ku amaqoqo ezinhlamvu, inombolo irekhodi samalunga amagama.
2. Ngaphambi zihlolisisa ifonotiki bezwi, kubalulekile ukuba uvale kubakaki ukubhala phansi umbhalo walo, okusho ukwethula inguqulo ye uphawu, okuyinto sizwa futhi amemezele (ebugqilini ehlaselwe imithetho). Ngesizathu esithile, kulesigaba kukhona isibalo esikhulu sezinto ukuphulwa. Ngokuvamile umfundi izimisele kuqala ukwenza ukuhlaziya izwi, bese ukubhala umbhalo. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenza umsebenzi engenakwenzeka.
3. Rekhoda zonke umsindo ngo ikholomu.
4. Ephawula izici ifonotiki of onkamisa nongwaqa.
5. Ukubala izinhlamvu nemisindo.
6. Amazwana mayelana umehluko lemali (uma ikhona). Lokho uyifingqa ukuhlaziywa. Ngokwesibonelo, kubalulekile ukuchaza ukuthi kungani igama elithi yizinhlamvu eziyisithupha, kodwa umsindo eziyisikhombisa. Ngokuvamile ngokomthetho, kule nombolo kungenzeka okufanayo, akusho ukuthi imibono kungukuthi ezidingekayo. Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi "ihange" izincwadi ezinhlanu nemisindo ezinhlanu, "Mina" kusho imisindo emibili, bese kuthi "s" - zero.

umbhalo

ukuhlaziywa Ifonetiki ka izwi eqinisweni ngokuvamile umsindo amagama njengoba umbhalo ebhaliwe kusuka ekuqaleni njengoba efunda esikoleni esiphakeme, lapho bachaza isithombe umsindo izwi lilonke. Yesikole isekelwe entry isipelingi cwaningo, okusho ukuthi incwadi ngayinye. Ngokwesibonelo, inqubo yokucabanga kungaba mayelana kanje.

Igama elithi "ihange". Le ncwadi "Mina" yilona sokuqala, khona-ke kukhombisa kuleli zwi imisindo emibili, "d" futhi "a". "K" sihamba "ukuze." "O" imele hhayi indlela yabo yokukhuluma, is asizwanga ngokuthi "mayelana", kodwa ngokuthi "". Inhlanganisela "pi" lidlulisela umsindo ezithambile (ongwaqa ezithambile e umbhalo aphostrofi idluliselwa). Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka entry ifonotiki: [yakar ']. Abafundisi nezazi eziningi zidinga ngumnikelo oshiswa wayebizwa Ukulotshwa professional, ngena ngemvume «j».

Kuyini onkamisa encishisiwe

Ezinye izinhlelo kuhilele ukusetshenziswa izinhlamvu ezikhethekile ngoba okuthiwa onkamisa encishisiwe. Ngokuvamile kuyabethusa abazali nezingane, kodwa kukhona lutho nzima. Isizathu salokhu elandelayo.

Wonke amazwi umsindo ngokugcwele kuphela eyodwa unkamisa umsindo - nguye ngaphansi kokucindezeleka. Zonke ezinye umsindo unephutha, emfushane, ukufiphala, ukukhuluma terminologically - ziyancipha. Yingakho sisabhekene a isipelingi ukuqopha izinkinga iyunithi lucebe. Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi "ihange" e ilunga yesibili, asizange ngisalizwa "o" noma "a", bese uzwe okuthile phakathi. Lezi imisindo ziyancipha umbhalo ukuba ngocansi izinhlamvu ezikhethekile. umsindo Unstressed akulingani yimuphi omunye umsindo futhi iqoshwe ngokuthi "isiphambano".

Abafundi abaningi ukuthi kubonakala kunengqondo ngempela, ngoba ukuqopha umbhalo [yakar '], banayo ukumelana yangaphakathi: bazi ukuthi ungezwa ilunga yesibili' a 'indlela' yikhona 'ukuzwa isimiso esikoleni.

onkamisa Imithetho okufakiwe encishisiwe

Uma kwenzeka ukuthi ukuhlaziya ifonotiki ka izwi kusho irekhodi encishisiwe, kumelwe sithathe isinyathelo ngokuvumelana nezimiso ecacile neqondile. Awudingi yimuphi amashushu ukumlalela, noma "xhoxha a umunwe in the sky ', noma ukuba sibekezelele netimiso eziyinqaba.

Le mithetho zimi kanje.

1. Abanaso thinta "u" uzwakale. Lokhu umsindo ngaphandle nokugqamisa umsindo kafushane, kodwa akashintshi izici zabo eziyisisekelo. (Terminologically ukukhuluma, kukhona kuphela ambalwa kunokuba ukuncipha qualitative).
2. amaqoqo Unstressed kungenzeka okuqhamile ngaphambi nangemva, ngakho badinga ubhekwe njengethuluzi pretonic futhi, ngokufanelekile, zaudarnye. Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi "inja" yokuqala "nge" libhekisela, futhi owesibili -. "Ka"
3. Phakathi kwabo bonke labo amaqoqo unstressed endaweni ekhethekile oluthatha pretonic lokuqala (okungukuthi, omunye esemgwaqweni ngqo phambi accent). Unkamisa kule ndawo umsindo okukhanya "izinga 'kuka kwezinye izikhundla. Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi "amasosishi" kuyinto ilunga "ba".
4. Esimweni lapho yimuphi unkamisa ungaphakathi okubizwa ngokuthi ekuqaleni eliphelele izwi, futhi umsindo okukhanya kangcono (ukunciphisa yayo incane evelele). Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi "Antonina" Ngumsindo ngocansi ngokubhala incwadi "a" kuqala.
5. imisindo Unstressed, kulandela ongwaqa kanzima, kuzo zonke izimo, ngaphandle ilunga ezandulela ukushaqeka adluliselwa umbhalo isibonakaliso "b". Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi "amasosishi" zokugcina "ka" - [kb] nesenzo esithi "ukusondela" - lo "a" lokuqala: [pat]
6. Unstressed, kulandela kanzima ungwaqa imisindo isilebhuli, predshestvuschem ukushaqeka, nomsindo "o" futhi "a" Ʌ ekuqaleni eliphelele izwi uphawu ngocansi. "Inja" - [sɅbak]. "Antoshka" - [Ʌntoshk].
7. imisindo Unstressed, kulandela ongwaqa elithambile, kuzo zonke izimo, ngaphandle ilunga pretonic lokuqala zidluliselwa uphawu umbhalo "s". Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi "umunwe kancane" zokugcina 'Heff' - [n'ts], futhi igama eliyisenzo elithi "ukuhambisa" - ngowokuqala "n" kanye "D" yesibili: [p'r '].
8. onkamisa Unstressed kulandela ongwaqa ezithambile e isilebhuli lokuqala pretonic futhi "futhi" umsindo "e", "s" ekuqaleni eliphelele izwi idluliselwe uphawu futhi ^E (futhi olwalusikisela e): - [L ^'e an'] "fly" .

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma izwi iqala ngohlamvu mina, w, e, e, unkamisa umsindo akuzona ekuqaleni engenamingcele, ngoba phambi kwabo uzimisele "d."

Uhlaziyo imisindo

Empeleni, ukuhlaziya ifonotiki kwamagama emva ukuqopha umbhalo ngokuvamile silula futhi kusekelwe kwababusi esikoleni sabaqalayo (kanye impela kancane more xaka uma izici umsindo kufundvwe ukujula).

Inani ulwazi mayelana imisindo kuyahlukahluka Izinhlelo, futhi kufanele baziswe njalo umsindo olandelayo.

1. Mayelana unkamisa - ithonya analo noma unstressed (noma ukwehliswa). Ngezinye izikhathi uthisha nayo idinga umbiko lapho eziningana ukukhathazeka uzwakale.
2. isidingo Uzimisele elichaza nobulukhuni / umsungulo futhi voicelessness / sonority futhi uqaphele ukuthi unakho yebhangqa elihambisana izici.

ISIBONELO 1

ukuhlaziywa Ifonetiki kwegama elithi "Lilac". Lesi isibonelo sokuhlaziya zokucathula.

B impande. 2 ilunga, Neyesibili unhlangothi.

Ukulotshwa: [c'ir'en '] noma ^[e c'i r'en']

Bhala izinhlamvu ikholomu:

nge

futhi

r

e

n

s

Thina uthumele umsindo kusukela umbhalo - ngiyilobe ohlwini olulandelayo:

c '

futhi (i ^e)

p '

e

n '

Siphawula ukuthi izinhlamvu ezimbili - "n" futhi "s" libhekisela umsindo owodwa:

n

\

n '

/

s

Iphawula ngezimbangela umsindo ngamunye (hhayi incwadi):

c '- ACC. elithambile, ezisondelene; umfana abayizithulu.

futhi (i ^e) - unkamisa, unstressed (encishisiwe).

p '- ACC. . Elithambile, Man. shayela., ayibhangqiwe.

e -. Ch, eshaywayo.

N '- ACC. elithambile., Indoda., ubiza., ayibhangqiwe.

Igama kulotshiwe yizinhlamvu eziyisithupha, kodwa siqukethe 5 imisindo (uphawu ezithambile kubonisa umsungulo ungwaqa [n].

ISIBONELO 2

ukuhlaziywa Ifonetiki kwegama elithi "Eclair". Libuye isibonelo ukuhlaziywa elula.

Ek-ler 2 amaqoqo ezinhlamvu, wesibili wabo uyozisola.

Ukulotshwa: [ekl'er] noma ^[e kl'er]

Bhala izinhlamvu ikholomu:

e

ukuze

l

e

r

Thina uthumele umsindo kusukela umbhalo - ngiyilobe ohlwini olulandelayo:

^e

ukuze

l '

e

r

Iphawula ngezimbangela izici umsindo ngamunye:

e ^[kanye] - ch, unstressed (encishisiwe) ...

ukuze - ACC. . Kanzima, Man. abayizithulu., Indoda.

l '- ACC. . Elithambile, Man. ikhala., ayibhangqiwe.

e - hl ukushaqeka ...

P - ACC. . Elithambile, Man. ubiza. ayibhangqiwe ..

Ngo izwi 5 izincwadi, 5 imisindo.

ISIBONELO 3

ukuhlaziywa Ifonetiki kwegama elithi "ulimi".

I-nolimi. 2 ilunga, Neyesibili unhlangothi.

Ukulotshwa: [yezyk] noma [jɅzyk]

Bhala izinhlamvu ikholomu:

mina

s

s

ukuze

Thina uthumele ikholomu engumakhelwane ukuqopha umsindo umbhalo:

j

e (Ʌ)

s

s

ukuze

Siyaphawula ukuthi incwadi esithi "nga-" ibizweli liqalisele eyodwa, kodwa ezimbili imisindo:

th

/

mina

\

e (Ʌ)

Bhala izimfanelo umsindo ngamunye:

j - ACC. . Elithambile, ayibhangqiwe. shayela., ayibhangqiwe.

e (Ʌ) - onkamisa unstressed .. (Encishisiwe).

h - ACC. . Kanzima, Man. shayela., Indoda ..

s -. onkamisa, eshaywayo.

K - ngokuvumelana;. . Kanzima, Man. abayizithulu., Indoda.

IZwi likaNkulunkulu elilotshiwe izinhlamvu ezine, kodwa yakhiwa imisindo ezinhlanu (uhlamvu "ngi" simelela imisindo emibili, njengoba itholakala ekuqaleni izwi).

Ngezinye izikhathi uhlelo idinga umfundi ulwazi amagama lapho ochaza imisindo (sonorant, ukunciphisa ambalwa kanye qualitative, eziningi unkamisa, nokunye. D.).

Ngokuvamile, ukuhlaziya ifonotiki kusekelwe ulwazi athutha isicelo eyisisekelo abuye abe nelikhono lekusebentisa uhlelo olucacile futhi amatafula. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi umfundi kufanele, lolu hlobo lomsebenzi ungenzi nobunzima ngaye.