Impossible kungenzeka, noma Indlela yokuhlanganisa i-cube ka-Rubik 5x5

Ukulinganisa ithoyizi ethandwayo, eyenziwe ngu-Erno Rubik, kukhula emhlabeni wonke. Inani lenhlanganisela yomhlangano we-cube yinani elingenakucatshangwa lama-quintillion angu-43. Kodwa ukuqoqa lokho kuyiqiniso, ngisho noma ungakaze uyifake ezandleni zakho. Ama-speedcubes asebenzayo awazi ukuqoqa i-cube ye-Rubik 5x5 ngemizuzwana embalwa.

Ukwazi iphazili

Ngakho wanquma ukuzithenga ithoyizi elinjalo. Siyakuhalalisela ngokuthenga i-cube ka-Rubik 5x5! Kubizwa nangokuthi iCube kaProfesa. Manje, ngokuqinisekile, ufuna ukuqonda indlela yemhlangano, engeke ibe nezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezinkimbinkimbi. Kodwa ukuze uqonde ukuthi ungaqoqa kanjani i-cube ka-5x5 ye-Rubik, udinga ukujwayela idivayisi ye-puzzle.

I-cube iqukethe ama-cubes amancane amancane, umkhawulo ngamunye ngumugqa wezinhlamvu ezinhlanu ezincane. Zonke izingxenye ze-puzzle zingashintsha ngokuzimela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziphi ezinye izendlalelo - kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi izingxenye zingakhiwa ngaphezulu kweso cube.

Ubuso obuyisithupha bumelelwe umbala wayo ukuze izingcezu zezingxenyeni zihlanganise imibala emithathu, umkhawulo wemibala emibili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingxenye ebanzi yobuso ngayinye ingumbala ofanayo futhi, njengama-classic 3 kuya ku-3, ayiguquki isikhundla sayo, ngoba ihlelwe ngamathambo.

Ngakho-ke, i-cube kaProfesa iqukethe: izikhungo, izikhungo ezinqenqemeni, izikhungo zekhoneni, emaphethelweni angaphandle, emaphethelweni enkabeni nasemaceleni. Le ndlela eyinkimbinkimbi yayinegunya lobunikazi u-Udo Krell ngoJulayi 15, 1986.

Indlela yokuqoqa i-cube ka-Rubik 5x5: ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-cube kaRubik ibukeka kanjani kunzima njenge-5x5, esikhathini sethu kunezindlela eziningi zokuhlangana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqwaba yezikimu namafomu okuphakanyiswayo okukhunjulwa ukukhumbula isisindo somhlangano: ikakhulukazi, inani lezinyathelo liyehla ukuze kufezeke umphumela oyifunayo. Siyakubonisa izindlela ezintathu zokuxazulula le puzzle:

1. Isixazululo senkinga sinciphise ukuthuthukiswa kwe-cubic 3x3 elula. Le ndlela inconywa kulabo abasenayo isipiliyoni nge-puzzle. Into yokuqala ukuhlanganisa izikhungo, khona-ke inhlangano yamaphethelo, ukusuka kuyo kuya emhlanganweni wezingxenye ezimbili zokugcina. Lokhu kuphetha amafomula amasha, ngoba ngokuqhubekayo i-cube kaProfesa iyahamba ngendlela efanayo ne-cube 3x3.
2. Siqoqa i-cube kusuka ezingxenyeni eziphezulu kuya ezansi. Kumele kuqashelwe ngokushesha ukuthi le ndlela ihle, kodwa i-cube 5x5 yinde kakhulu futhi ayifanele.
3. Umhlangano uvela emagumbini. Okuyinhloko yendlela ukuthi amacembe angaphezulu nangaphansi aqoqwe kuqala futhi adlulisele ezimbambo kanye nezikhungo ezisele.

Ungakuqoqa kanjani i-Cube kaRubik? I-Scheme yabaqalayo

Ukuze uthole isixazululo sakho sokuqala kule puzzles, kungcono ukusebenzisa ngokunenzuzo uhlaka oluningiliziwe oluzobonakala futhi luhambe ngesinyathelo luchaze indlela yokuhlanganisa i-cube kaRubik. Kwabaqalayo, lolu hlelo luzoqukatha inombolo enkulu yokuhamba. Kodwa-ke, sinikeza ukunaka kwakho inqubo enezinombolo ezimbalwa zokuhamba futhi akulula ukufunda nokuqonda.

Isekelwe endleleni eyakhiwe eminyakeni engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye futhi ishicilelwe encwadini ethi "Ochwepheshe Abasha". Ihlelwe kahle futhi ilula ukuze imemoriki inkumbulo. Ngokuqeqeshwa ngenkumbulo, wonke amafomula aphrintiwe, futhi uma ufuna ukuqoqa cube yeRubik, awudingi umdwebo.

Iphutha elivame kakhulu lezintombi ezintsha: abaningi kakhulu baqoqa ohlangothini olulodwa futhi bakholelwa ukuthi manje bangakwazi ukuqoqa kalula abanye, kodwa ngokushesha baqaphele ukuthi ama-cubes aseduze awawuthathi indawo yawo, futhi uma ezama ukushintsha ukuvumelana kwawo aphulwa.

Indlela yokuhlanganisa i-cube ka-Rubik 5x5 imelwe kule algorithm enhle futhi efinyelelekayo: izikhungo zobuso obuphezulu, izikhungo ezingenhla ezingenhla, izikhungo ezingezansi eziphansi, izikhungo ezisezantsi, izingxenyeni ezingaphezulu, izingxenyana eziphansi, emaphethelweni ebusweni obungezansi ngaphandle kweminye imiphetho, izimbambo zobuso obuphezulu, Umhlangano wamaphethelo ebusweni obuphansi, ubuso obuphansi nophakathi, izimbambo ezingenhla nephakathi, izikhungo zamaphakathi, izikhungo zangasese zangasese, futhi ekugcineni izikhungo eziphakathi. Le ndlela ilula kakhulu futhi icacile ezithombeni.

Ukusheshisa: yikuphi futhi yiziphi izinzuzo zayo

Uma unesithakazelo sokuthi masinyane ukuhlangana kanjani i-cube ka-Rubik, kuzomele udinga inqubo ye-speedcube - umhlangano osheshayo. Isici salo yisibalo esikhulu sezinhlelo ezikhundleni ezihlukene ze-cubic constituent. Kungenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zamafomula ukuthi isivinini sokwakha senyukela emasekhondini amaningana.

Indlela kaJessica Friedrich ithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwama-speedcubers. Kukhona ngisho nemincintiswano eqhutshwa njalo yiWCA, ezingeni lomhlaba, lapho abahlanganyeli bancintisana khona ngokuhlanganyela ngesivinini. Kuze kube manje, irekhodi elisemthethweni lenhlangano lingamasekhondi angu-48.42.

Okuncane mayelana nomdali we-cubi Rubik. Amaqiniso anentshisekelo mayelana ne-puzzle

U-Ernie Rubik eHungary uyaziwa njengomdwebi, umsunguli kanye noprofesa wezakhiwo, futhi udumo lomhlaba wabonga amapuzzles kanye namathoyizi ayidala. Phakathi kwabo yi-cube eyaziwa yiRubik. Manje uneminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa ubudala, kodwa uqhubeka ekhuthele ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo, uyinhloko ye-studio Rubik futhi ngokubambisana kuthuthukisa imidlalo yevidiyo.

I-cube kaRubik ibhekwa njengomholi ekuthengiseni phakathi kwazo zonke imidlalo. Uma ubala konke ukuguqulwa kokuqala kwasekuthengisweni kanye nezifanekiso futhi uzibeke emgqeni owodwa, ubude bayo buzolingana nebanga phakathi kwezingodo zomhlaba.

Ingabe uyazibuza ukuthi ungakuqoqa kanjani i-cube ka-5x5 ye-Rubik? Ubuchwepheshe bekhompyutha buqhubekela phambili. Ama-puzzle e-cube e-Rubik afanayo ahlongozwa ezinhlelweni. Abathuthukisi abazange bayeke ngobukhulu be-2x2 noma i-3x3; kumakhomphyutha bafaka ama-analogues amane, amahlanu noma angaba ngu-7-dimensional okungenakwenzeka emhlabeni jikelele - cubes nge 100x100 noma ngisho no-1000x1000 cubes!