Ibhuloho le-Barrett M82 sniper: incazelo kanye nencazelo

Inhloso eyinhloko ibhamu leBarrett M82 (isithombe esingezansi, sibonisa ngokucacile amandla alolesi sikhali) ukubhujiswa kwamandla esitha, izinto eziphathekayo, imishini yezempi, kubandakanya izimoto, izindiza zezindiza nezindiza ekupaka izimoto, amakhabethe e-radar nokuxhumana. Omunye umgomo obalulekile ukudonsa okuvela emkhakheni ophephile we-ordnance engafakiwe.

Umlando wendalo

Lesi sikhali sikhali esikhulu se- sniper sakhiwe yilowo owayengumphathi we-US, uRonnie Barrett oneminyaka engu-28 ubudala. Wakhele isibonelo sokuqala sokuqhuma kwesibhamu endlini yakhe yangaphansi ngo-1982. Ngemva komzamo ongaphumeleli wokuthengisa lo mklamo ezinkampanini ezidumile zomhlaba wephrofayli efanele, umsunguli uqala ukuhlanganisa izibhamu ezinchungechungeni ezincane futhi azithengise emakethe yasekhaya e-United States. Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-1986 wasungula i-Barrett Firearms Manufacturing, Inc. Ngonyaka ofanayo, inkampani yaqala ukukhiqiza izibhamu zokuqala zanamuhla, ezathola igama elithi M82A1. Ngo-1987, uBarrett wakwazi ukuthola ilungelo lobunikazi lobunikazi bakhe.

Kwenzekani kulokhu?

Le nkampani yaba yimpumelelo ngempela ngo-1989, lapho inkontileka isayinwe noMnyango wezokuVikela waseSweden ngokuhlinzeka ngamayunithi ayikhulu amabhomu kaBarrett M82A1. Ngo-1990, inkampani ikhuphukela ezingeni elisha futhi ingena esivumelwaneni nama-US Armed Forces ukuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo yayo yokusebenza kwezempi e-Kuwait nase-Iraq, i-Desert Shield, kanjalo, iDesert Storm. Cishe izikhali ezingu-125 zazithengwa yi-US Marine Corps, bese kutholakala imiyalo evela kokubili i-Air Force ne-Army. Ngokusho kwemibiko yezindaba, isibhamu se-sniper uBarrett M82 A1 sisetshenziselwa amabutho akhethekile e-US Navy SEALS enkampanini yezempi ngokumelene nebutho lase-Iraq endaweni yasePersian Gulf. Kulezi zithengi, isosha lase-US alizange lime, futhi ngo-1992 amabutho akhethekile okusebenza kanye ne-US Marine Corps bathenga izingxenye ezingamakhulu amathathu zalesi sikhali. Esikhathini esizayo, ivolumu yama-oda yanda njalo ngonyaka. Ibhuloho le-Barrett M82 A1 lathola isaziso se-SASR e-United States Army, okusho ukuthi "isibhamu esikhethekile sokubheka".

Ukuguqulwa

Kusukela ukukhiqizwa kwesibhamu se-barrett sekuye kwenziwa izinguquko eziningana. Okokuqala kulawa yi-M82 A1, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Light Fifty. Yakhishwa ngo-1986, yathola izinguquko ezincane ekwakheni. Ukuqala ngalesi simodeli, abahlaziyi bamakholomu bafakwe kuzo zonke izinto ezilandelayo.

Ukuguqulwa kwesibili yi-M82A2, eyakhiwe ngo-1987 ngokukhethekile ekusetshenzisweni kwamathekisthi amakhulu, futhi njengesikhali eshibhile esiphikisayo se-anti-helicopter (emva kwakho konke, amamodeli wangaphambilini ayeklanyelwe ukunqoba izinto ezikhona). Lesi siphepho sinezinguquko ezinkulu, senziwe ngokusho kwesimiso esithi "Bull-pap". Ukudubula kulesi sikhali kwenziwa kuphela kusukela ehlombe, okunciphisa kakhulu ukubuyiswa (ngale njongo, indawo yokugcina isitolo isetshenziselwa umuthi, ohlonywe isiqephu esikhethekile). Ukubamba ibhuloho, njengombono optical, abakhiqizi baphathwa phambili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze kube lula, isibambo esengeziwe singeziwe, esingaphambi kwesikhali. Noma kunjalo, le nketho yasuswa masinyane ekukhiqizeni ngenxa yokungabi khona kwesidingo.

Ukuguqulwa okulandelayo kwakuyisibhamu seBarrett M82A1M, esenziwe ngokuhambisana namazinga e-US Army. Lesi sikhali sithole amadivayisi wokubona ohlobo oluvulekile (uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka kwe-main, optical) kanye nomhlahlandlela we-Picatinni, okuvumela ukufakwa kwamadivaysi engeziwe okubuka amaqembu ahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubhekwe isibambo esithintekayo, kanye nesibhamu esihlanganisiwe esixhunywe ku-butt ukunikeza ukuzinza okungcono lapho kudubula ibhomu likaBarrett.

Izikhali zokuguqulwa kwesine zithole ukukhishwa kwe-M82A3, le modeli ikhethekile kwi-United States Marine Corps. Umehluko ovela kunguqulo yangaphambilini ukungabikho kwesiphakamiso esengeziwe nesiphathi esinqunyiwe sokuthwala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-trunk kanye nezinqubo zanciphisa kancane, futhi ukuqhuma kwe-muzzle kwaphindiswa kabusha.

Isizukulwane esisha

Umjikelezo olandelayo wokuthuthukiswa kweBarrett kwaba ukudala uchungechunge olusha lwezibhamu ze-sniper M107. Lokhu kuguqulwa kuhluke ku-M82 ngezinhlelo ezincane zobuchwepheshe ezenzelwe ukuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kwalesi sikhali. Ukuthuthukiswa kokuqala kwalolu chungechunge olusha kwakuyisibhamu se-M107CQ. Le ndlela iklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto zempi kanye nezindiza-moya. Umehluko oyinhloko kusuka kumodeli eyisisekelo ncishiswe isiqu esiyisishiyagalolunye (508 mm vs. 737 mm for the version-size usayizi).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokususelwa ekuguqulweni kwangaphambilini, isibonisi sombhamu omusha we-OSW sakhiwe, okusho ukuthi "izikhali ze-sniper izikhali". Le modeli iyi-carpine ye-sniper yegobolondo elingama-25-millimeter ukusuka ku-OCSW isiqalisi se-grenade othomathikhi. Izikhali zokuhlola zabonisa ukukhula okuphumelelayo ekubhujisweni kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhloso, kodwa amandla okuphumula lapho ukudubula kungenakuxolisa kulo mshini wokudubula ovamile.

Incazelo

Ngakho-ke, ake sicabangele ukuthi umculi we-sniper we-Barrett M82 uchungechunge. Yakhelwe ngesisekelo sokuzenzekelayo nge-stroke emfushane yomgqomo. Ukuvala umzila kwenziwa ngokuvula izicingo ezintathu. Ngemuva kokudubula, i-trunk evalwe ngokuqinile ibuyele endaweni yangemuva. Khona-ke iphini, ukusebenzisana ne-notch esakhiweni se-shutter, kubangela ukuthi ibhotela livule futhi livule isiteshi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhayili igxila kwi-lever ye-accelerator, idlulisela amandla we-pullback kufolda ye-shutter, ngaleyo ndlela ibangele ukuvulwa kwe-shutter. Khona-ke umgqomo uhleliwe, futhi umkhono wokudubula uphuma. Ngaphansi kokusebenza kwentwasahlobo yokubuya, zonke izingxenye zifika esimweni sazo sokuqala, ngendlela i-cartridge ehambisa ngayo ekamelweni. Umdurmer uhlanganiswe yizidingo ekusesheni - isikhali silungele ukudubula ngokudubula okulandelayo. Ngenxa yalesi simiso, umthelela wokudubula wawuncishisiwe kakhulu, ohlangene nokusetshenziswa komshini wokubuyisela umbukiso wangempela wenza okwandisa ukunemba komlilo nokuqina kwesibhamu ngokwayo.

Izindlela

Isibhamu se-Sniper I-Barrett M82 inehlobo lokusongela kwe-USM, futhi imodi yomlilo ingashadile. Ama-cartridges akhishiwe akhishwa ngefasitela ngakwesokunene somamukeli, okwenziwe izingxenye ezimbili ezihlukene (phansi nangaphezulu), ugxiliwe kusuka ensimbi ekhishiwe futhi ehlanganiswe nezikhonkwane ezikhethekile eziphambene. Engxenyeni engenhla kuyimbambo yokusonga yokuphatha nokulungisa amehlo optical. Ngaphansi kwe-receiver kufakwe intamo yomagazini, ukufaka amabhulogi nokubamba ibhasi. Ngemuva kune-backplate yerabha, yonke imiklamo isetshenziswa njenge-butt. Umgqomo wesibhamu unamandla kakhulu, unamapayipi omzimba wokuphuza ukuphuza, ukuhlanzwa, ukuhlanzwa, ukuhlanzwa, ukuhlanzwa, ukuhlanza ukukhwabanisa (ukukwazi ukungena kumaphesenti angamashumi amathathu okutholwa). I-Negative unmasking factor yukuthi uma ukudubula i-compensator akufihli ilangabi.

Izinsiza Zamahhashi

Lesi sikhali sinezintaba zebusuku nokubona okubonakalayo, kanye nokubukwa kwezinto. Isibhamu sinikezwa kumagazini webhokisi okhishwayo onamandla amashadidididi ayishumi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-M82 ifakwe ibipodini emibili enezintambo kanye nezintaba ezikhethekile zokufaka izikhali kumshini wokushisa umshini wokuhamba ngomshini. Isibhamu sinezinamathiselo ezimbili zokuthola ibhande, kodwa ngenxa yesisindo esikhulu, ukuthwala ngale ndlela kunzima.

Izici zobuciko nobuchwepheshe

Ukunemba kwesibhamu sikaBarrett kungamaminithi angama-1.5-2 angamangalisa lapho usebenzisa izinhlamvu zamakilasi. Ukulinganisa kwe-trunk ngu-12,7x99, ubude obuphelele buyi-1220 mm (kuhlanganise nesiqu esingu-737 mm). Isisindo sesikhali ngaphandle kwe-cartridges singama-12,9 kg, isivinini sokuqala salolu hlobo si-855 m / s, uhla olusebenzayo lomlilo luyi-1800 m.

Ekuphethweni

Kuze kube manje, izibhamu zezintambo ze-M82 zisezinkonzweni zombili namaphoyisa namabutho emazweni angaphezu kwamashumi amane emhlabeni jikelele. Abasebenzisi abakhulu yi-Marine Corps, i-Army, i-United States Coast Guard, impi ekhethekile yamaphoyisa kanye namabutho empi aseMexico, eBelgium, eChile, eFinland, eDenmark, eFrance, eGrisi, eJalimane, e-Israel, e-Italy, eNetherlands, e-Norway, ePhilippines, e-Saudi Arabia, ePortugal, ISpain, Sweden, Great Britain, Turkey namanye amazwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sikhali sitholakala emishini yezemidlalo. Ngakho-ke, i-Barrett M82-airsoft iyimodeli kuphela elayisensiwe nguBarrett, njengoba kuboniswe isitifiketi esisemthethweni, esisayinwe nguRonnie Barrett.