I-Tenge iyi-currency ye-Kazakhstan ozimele

I-Tenge yi-currency kazwelonke yaseKazakhstan, esesensimini ye-republic kusukela ngo-1993. Emibonisweni eminingi ye-banknote yamazwe omhlaba, ibhange likazwelonke lezwe liye lathola imiklomelo ngokuphindaphindiwe ngenhloso yokuklama kanye nezinga lokuvikelwa kwe-tenge. Okuphazamisayo ukuthi, ezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu lokuvikelwa, imali, ngokusho kwemiphumela ka-2015, ibhekwa njengento eshibhile kakhulu eYurophu.

Umbhalo wokuqala

Igama elithi "imali ye-tenge" yamukelwa ekuqaleni kweNkathi Ephakathi, ngenkathi imali, ebizwa ngokuthi "tanga", isetshenziswe ensimini yaseKazakhstan nase- Asia Ephakathi . Kamuva, abantu baseMpumalanga Yurophu babe negama elithi "imali", futhi imali. Futhi nanamuhla lonke igama elizwakalayo "imali" alishintshi ukubaluleka kwalo ngokomlando.

Umlando wokudalwa kwemali kazwelonke kaKazakhstan iqala ngo-1990. Ngaleso sikhathi e-republic kwakukhona i-ruble yeSoviet Union. Ukuze uhlelo lwezimali lwe-republic luzimele ngokwengeziwe kusuka eMoscow, uMongameli Nursultan Nazarbayev, kanye noMkhandlu oPhezulu weKazSSR, wadala umthetho olawula lonke uhlelo lwebhange lezwe.

Lokhu kwenzeka ngoDisemba 1990. Kusukela ngalolo mzuzu ukushintshaniswa kobudlelwane bemakethe nomnotho ohleliwe we-USSR kwakunjalo . Wonke amabhange ahlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili: owokuqala kwakuyigatsha laseKazakhstan leBhange likaHulumeni wase-USSR, kuze kube sezingeni lesibili - amabhange amaningana ezohwebo, ehola inqubomgomo ezimele. Nokho, kwakukhona into eyodwa kodwa. Izwe alinayo imali yalo, ngakho-ke ezinye ukulinganiselwa inkululeko yezenzo ohlelweni lwezezimali lwaseKazakhstan zikhona. Ukuthembela kwakuse-ruble kanye ne-State Bank yase-USSR.

Iphrojekthi entsha

Ezimweni ezinjalo, u-N. Nazarbayev wayala ukuba aqale ukulungisa lokho. Imali yayizofaka esikhundleni se-ruble. Kwasungulwa ikhomishana kahulumeni ngemali kazwelonke, ephethwe nguS. Tereshchenko, owayenguNgqongqoshe ngaleso sikhathi. Yonke imibhalo ilandelwa nguD. D. Sembayev neqembu lakhe. Ukulawulwa kwansuku zonke kulokho okwakwenzeka okwenziwa ngumongameli ngokwayo.

Abaqambi baceliwe ukuba baqhubekele phambili emakhakheni omlando wezezimali kanye nezikhumbuzo zokwakha. Kwaze kwaphakanyiswa ukuthi kubonise uNazarbayev kwenye yezinkampani ze-banknotes, lapho asabela khona ngokunqatshwa kweqembu.

Iqembu elisebenzayo lihlolisise ulwazi oluningi lokudalula lonke ulwazi lokusungulwa kwemali kazwelonke emazweni amaningi emhlabeni, kuhlanganise namazwe e -CIS. Iphakheji eliphelele lezinguquko liye lalungiselelwa, lihlanganisa izindawo zezombangazwe, umnotho kanye nezezimali. IBhange likazwelonke lilungiselele amadokhumende angu-18 alawula inqubo yokuguqula. Kwakuyizinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngempela, okwakudinga ukuba ubuholi bezwe bukhombise kakhulu amandla namakhono.

Isikhathi somlando

Umsebenzi wokulungiselela waqedwa ehlobo lika-1993. Ama-banknotes wokuphrinta anqume ukukhiqiza e-UK. "Harrison nezingane" - inkampani ephelile le oda. Yonke imisebenzi yenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo eziyimfihlo. Izindiza ezine-IL-86 zenza izindiza ezingu-18 ukuya naseNgilandi. Ngokweminye imibhalo, imininingwane yamukelwa ukuthi izindiza zithwala imishini yokwakha. Izinhlamvu zemali zahlelwa eJalimane. Engxenyeni yaseKazakhstan, i-bunkers ekhethekile yomhlaba yayilungele ukugcina imali entsha.

Ngemuva kokusungulwa kwezindleko kubantu babhekisana nomongameli waseKazakhstan. Ukushintshaniswa kwama-ruble endala okwenziwe ngo-November 15, 1993 ngo-8: 00, kwaphela ngoNovemba 20 wonyaka ofanayo ngo-20: 00. Ezinsukwini ezingaphezu kwezinsuku eziyisithupha, ama-ruble angaphezu kuka-950 billion ayekhishwa ekujikelezeni. Isilinganiso sokushintshaniswa (i-ruble kuya ku-tenge) kwakuyi-500: 1.

Ngakho-ke, ngoNovemba 15, 1993 kwakukhona umcimbi wembali: i-tenge yasungulwa - imali yaseKazakhstan ezimele.

Tenge: ukucabanga komlando

Ama-banknotes ama-1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 200, a-500 ayengeke ahanjiswe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-1 tenge yayilinganiselwe kuma-tiyns angu-100, ngakho-ke isakazwa okwesikhashana kwakukhona ama-tiyns.

Njengoba kulindelwe, emabhange asekuqaleni okwehlulekayo kubonakalisa ubuntu bomlando ngokusendaweni yangokwemvelo, ngasemuva, izikhumbuzo zokwakha nezakhi zemvelo zaboniswa. Ekuqaleni, i-denomin esiphezulu yayiyi-500 tenge. Ama-banknotes anenani elingu-1,000 tenge ahlanganiswa ngo-1995, 2000 - ngo-1996, no-5000 - ngo-1998. Wabonakalisa ubuntu obunjalo obungokomlando njengoSh. Valikhanov, S. Aronuly, Kurmangazy, A. Kunanbaev, Al Farabi, Khans Abylai noAbulkhair.

Amamaki wokuvikelwa

I-Tenge iyinkokhelo yaseKazakhstan, enesinye sezigcawu eziphumelelayo kakhulu zamazinga okuvikelwa emhlabeni. Kuphelele, kunezinhlobo ezingu-17. Ezinye ziye zasetshenziselwa okokuqala ekusebenzeni komhlaba, njengokuthi, isici sokuphikisa ukukopisha, ukushicilela kwe-iris, i-gold intaglio, njll. Lokhu kuye kwaholela ekutheni iziningi zezimali zamazwe athuthukile nezathuthukayo zamukele umkhuba waseKazakhstan. Iyini i-tenge, leyo imali yayo - abaningi baye bafunda.

Kusukela emlandweni wezinhlelo

Zonke zezimali zezwe zivame ukwehla, ukuphindwa akuyona into ehlukile. Phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wokuba khona kwayo, ukukhuphuka kwemali kwakuyi-1158%, ngonyaka ozayo - 60%. Izinga elincani kunazo zonke lemali yokukhuphuka kwemali labhalwa ngo-1998 futhi lilinganiselwa ku-2%.

Ngokumelene nesimiso sokuwa kwamanani amafutha, iningi lalezi zimali zamazwe athengisayo laqala ukwehla. I-Tenge ithinte njengeyinye enye imali. Ngonyaka ka-2015, ukuphindwa kwezimali kwaqashelwa njengeyindleko ephansi kakhulu eYurophu. Ukuqhathanisa: ekuqaleni kwehlobo lika-2015 i-USD 1 inenani elilinganiselwa ku-150, kanti ngasekupheleni kwehlobo noma ekuqaleni kwekwindla konyaka ofanayo kwakungu-190 kakade. Ekuqaleni kuka-2016 isilinganiso sasiyi-380-390 tenge nge-dollar eyodwa.

Ngakho-ke, umlando wamazwi asendulo "tanga", "tenga", "danga" adluliselwe ezweni lanamuhla, lapho liqhubeka khona-imali ye-Kazakhstan yanamuhla.