Ukucela - Iyini? Ubuchwepheshe kanye izinhlobo kuqala ekuhlanganiseni

Ukucela - kuyinto iyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila yezombusazwe nezomnotho yesimanje. Yiziphi nezimbangela zayo, izici nemiphumela okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko.

Umqondo kuqala ekuhlanganiseni

I kuqala ekuhlanganiseni eside - kubolekwe umqondo ngesiNgisi. Kuthatha igama layo kusukela ekungeneni kwesakhiwo - yokwamukela izivakashi, futhi ngokuvamile lisho "indawo yokulinda". Kulapho ezombusazwe mbeni abangabazi, ungabona mayelana izithakazelo zakho bese uthola abashisekeli. Kuhlelo ezombusazwe, ngokuxosha abanye kuqala ekuhlanganiseni ngokwesiko waqonda mshini wezenzo ka abasephalamende sinombono ukwamukelwa noma ukwenqaba umthetho kunesidingo.

Esikhathini ngomqondo ebanzi ukunyakaza eyaziwa Chartists (abasebenzi, isekela kwemukelwa Charter) eNgilandi kungabuye ngokuthi ukuxhaswa kombono wakho, kodwa umehluko kuphela ukuthi ingcindezi zomthetho emandleni omele umbono weningi akuyona nje into engokwemvelo kodwa kuphinde kuzuzise. Ngeshwa, izinhlobo ezahlukene kuqala ekuhlanganiseni vuma ngo ukuhlangana nezwe lesimanje, okuyinto lingachazwa ngokuthi zenkohlakalo nezobugebengu engenakwenzeka. Ngaphandle kuqala ekuhlanganiseni uye kakhulu enwetshiwe ensimini yayo imisebenzi ukukufaka kwenkululeko izithakazelo abamele kokubili esiphezulu nakwezomthetho.

Izizathu kuqala ekuhlanganiseni

Promotion nokuvikelwa izithakazelo amaqembu athile kwezomnotho ePhalamende ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi ukuthembela anda uhulumeni ekuthathweni, ukuthuthukiswa Amathrendi kanye nokweseka labo noma amanye amabhizinisi emnothweni.

Ukucela - lokhu akuyona into entsha. Kuyaziwa ukuthi Leli dolobha lake lachuma eNgilandi emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka edlule. Namuhla, emazweni amaningi - kuba umsebenzi osemthethweni, okuyinto ehilelekile kokubili ochwepheshe olulodwa, futhi wonke inkampani. Babephathana iqembu osomabhizinisi abathola izeluleko babe nobuhlobo namanxusa mphathi amagatsha zomthetho.

kuqala ekuhlanganiseni oqondile

Ekhona amasu kuqala ekuhlanganiseni zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu. Eyokuqala izindlela ngqo wokuvikela izithakazelo kwezomnotho ngokusebenzisa ngqo, ubuhlobo bomuntu siqu nabezombusazwe. Kungaba emihlanganweni siqu noma ukuvakashela sezombusazwe amafemu, amabhange, nemibukiso, ukukhiqizwa, inhlangano imihlangano yebhizinisi, symposia, izingqungquthela zonke izinhlobo.

kuqala ekuhlanganiseni Direct Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukudluliswa kolwazi oluthile ukuthi kumelwe ukukholisa izishayamthetho ukuba ukwamukela noma ukwenqaba we oludingekayo lwezomthetho izenzo, luhlolo kanye nocwaningo. Kulokhu, umsebenzi oyinhloko - ukukholisa osopolitiki in the party ngosizo lwama-agumenti sina futhi uthole ukwesekwa yabo ngesimo izinqumo ezithile uhulumeni ngisho nezinqubomgomo.

amafomu ongaqondile kuqala ekuhlanganiseni

Ngokungafani kuqala ekuhlanganiseni ngqo, ngokungaqondile kwenzeka ngokungaqondile, ukuzihlanganisa siqu osopolitiki kwesokudla. Ukuze nokuqaliswa kwalo kumelwe kube efaneleyo akukho kancane, ukuhlaziya isimo kwezombusazwe nakwezomnotho. Umlamuleli kuqala yalemisebenzi, Yiqiniso, cindezela. Shono abezindaba libizwa yesine igatsha likahulumeni. Ukusatshalaliswa kolwazi ngendlela efanele ngokusebenzisa abezindaba mass kuthinta kakhulu umbono weningi futhi obumba ukwazi komphakathi. Ngakho kukhona ukwanda ezininginingi e ingcindezi osopolitiki ukufeza imiphumela elindelekile. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokungaqondile, ngaphandle kwengcindezi ngqo noma izinkolelo zomuntu siqu. kuqala ekuhlanganiseni Civilized - nalolu sesho for umbimbi labati nesithakazelo kule secala futhi ingasiza e umfanekiso izithakazelo ezivamile, ukudala izinhlangano zomphakathi, njll Entshonalanga zokuhlala kubhekwa njengengxenye oqondile womphakathi ivikela umphakathi esimweni futhi efuna .. ezivuna yamuva.

isithunzi kuqala ekuhlanganiseni

Konke okungenhla libhekene ukuma, esebenzisa lapho kunomthetho, ogunyazwe kuqala ekuhlanganiseni isimo. Lona ngokoqobo ngazo Inkampani usebuyisene, futhi zize ngisho zifunde kukho ukwenza imali.

Kodwa zikhona izindlela okusekelwe ukusebenzisa izindlela lobugebengu. Ngokuyisisekelo, bebizwa isithunzi. Lezi zihlanganisa lokuqola, izinsongo, ukucindezela, yebo, inkohlakalo. It lingahunyushwa baphetha ukuthi lobbyism ophucukile yakhelwe nethonya lokukholisa, futhi isithunzi ukuphoqwa noma inzuzo. Ngokusobala ukukhumbuza ukuthi mithandazo kunqatshelwe ngokomthetho. Ekuphileni okungokoqobo, Nokho kunzima ukubona eyosilethela ubugebengu futhi kuqala ekuhlanganiseni esisemthethweni. Ngokwesibonelo, kwezinye izifundazwe engxenyeni enkulu yeNyakatho Melika, lobbyists kumele ngokusemthethweni ukubhalisa izimfuno zabo zezombusazwe. Lokhu obala ikuvumela ukulawula izindlela kungenzeka ezikhandla ingcindezi betembusave.

Case "Lockheed"

Case "Lockheed" ingenye Ezimweni eziningi ephezulu iphrofayela muva, ubonise indlela kuqala ekuhlanganiseni emthethweni. Kuyini lokhu? Lokhu scandal elihlobene ne ukuthengwa imikhumbi Japanese uhulumeni ngokuqinile American "Lockheed". Amapharamitha Technical kanye nemingcele ukuphepha kukhona kakhulu eliphansi kuya European, kodwa izindleko zabo kwaba "European" ezingeni. Kungani amaJapane ziye zaya into embi kanje? Ngo-1976 waba asebenzise namaqiniso aziwayo ukuze afakaze ukufunjathiswa ezinkulu emagunyeni eJapane, kwamenyezelwa ukufeza isamba zamadola kwezigidi ezimbili. Amacala abekwa wona okuthi inkohlakalo wafakwa phambili Undunankulu wase-Japan Tanaka Amazwe. Walahlwa ngecala wagqunywa ejele ngo-1983, kodwa waba ngokushesha inselele ummangalelwa. Yonke inqubo waqhubeka kwaze kwaba ukufa umsolwa, okungukuthi, kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni kwawo-90-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule. ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ukuthi Tanaka eside ngemva amacala ehilelekile emisebenzini yezombangazwe. Lesi senzakalo kwaba isibonelo ukusetshenziswa i emlandweni wesihlahla kuqala ekuhlanganiseni nemikhuba echelons ephakeme kwamandla.

PR

Omunye ingxenye PR-sevisi akabangeli nje kuphela ukuxhumana nomphakathi ngomqondo ebanzi, kodwa futhi ukuze kusungulwe ubudlelwano neziphathimandla emazingeni ahlukahlukene kanye namagatsha kahulumeni. Leyo misebenzi okuthiwa GR-abaphathi lifana kuqala ekuhlanganiseni. Bahlela imihlangano nge izikhulu zikahulumeni, ukunikeza isithombe yezenhlalakahle amaphrojekthi ibhizinisi izinkampani ezahlukene. Futhi-ke, iqhaza imikhankaso yokhetho ukuchamisela imigomo emikhulu yokuthola eside ngokubambisana neNhlangano sezombusazwe. Izinkampani eziningi ezinkulu Russian kusukela maphakathi nawo-90s laqala ukuhlela iminyango efana ezinkampanini zabo. Kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, igama elithi "lobbyist" alisetshenziswa ngenxa isetshenziswe ngomqondo ongathandeki okuqonda yomphakathi. Nokho kukhona umehluko umuntu PR lobbyist.

Umehluko emisebenzini lobbyists futhi GR-abaphathi

Lobbyist ezweni lanamuhla - a "umculi khulula". Kule ncwadi wakhuluma ihlukile GR-imenenja, abasebenza inkampani ethize futhi ukhokhelwe. umholo wakhe iphezulu kakhulu, njengoba has a uhlobo Imali noma iphesenti ukuthengiselana waphetha. A lobbyist ingasebenza namakhasimende eziningana, okuyinto ukhetha uqobo futhi umphathi ivikela kuphela izithakazelo umkhankaso wakhe. Kodwa umehluko ezibaluleke kakhulu kulo mkhakha lobbyist ahlobene efanayo umbala zezombusazwe yemisebenzi yabo. PR abantu nazo eyenziwa endaweni yokuqala imisebenzi kwezomnotho.

eziphethweni

Ukucela - ngumqondo ezibanzi, okuyinto namuhla kubonakala njengento esetshenziswayo zezombusazwe, ogama msebenzi ukusungula ubuhlobo izakhiwo zebhizinisi ezithile neziphathimandla ukuze kuthuthukiswe futhi bavikele izithakazelo amaqembu kwezomnotho.

Ukucela iyafana ubuchwepheshe eziningi sesimanjemanje njenge umxhumanisi ubudlelwane uhulumeni noma-Public Relations Manager. Yingakho kukhona ukudideka mayelana okuqukethwe leli gama. I townsfolk ungaqondi njengoba abameli, into lifana umsebenzi ummeli. Abanye ochwepheshe ukuhlukanisa lolu hlobo umsebenzi njengoba omunye umnyango ubuchwepheshe of Public Relations (i-PR). Nokho, abacwaningi abaningi bevumelana imininingwane ukuzifunela ukuxhaswa kombono njengoba umsebenzi ehlukile, ikakhulukazi emnothweni emakethe kanye ne-capitalism. amabhizinisi Big kanye nezinkampani nesithakazelo ekusunguleni izibopho nosopolitiki, njengoba yokugcina nabo.

Ngamafuphi: yokulinda - kuyini? Letihlomulisa, ezimbili-WinSock maqondana nomunye. Lobbyists kuphela isinyathelo abaxhumanisi, labo abasiza ukuthola izinto esivumelana ngazo futhi ukusungula oxhumana.