Njengoba angina aboniswe (izimpawu) nokuthi yini imithi ukuthatha ngesikhathi esifanayo?

Inkulumo ethi "angina" iwukuba abantu abaningi eyaziwa. Futhi iningi lazo asebenzise le nkulumo ukuze agcizelele ukuhaha kwabantu - ". Iselesele ukucindezela" Kodwa abaningi abazi ukuthi emva le nkulumo efihla izimpawu kunalokho sina esibonisa isifo senhliziyo. Sikhuluma ezifana izenzakalo ezingemnandi njengoba angina. Izimpawu futhi yini imithi ukuthatha salokhu zokugula Kuxoxwa kabanzi.

Kuyini angina?

Ekuqaleni sihlaziye kuyini isifo. Kwenzekani in iziguli sitholakele "angina" izimpawu futhi yini imithi ukuthatha ukubhekana nalesi sifo?

Lokhu zokugula - uhlobo ischemia inhliziyo, lapho kukhona isithiyo kutungeletela igazi. mkhuba ezingemnandi kungabonakala nasemkhakheni a ukuxhumelela imithambo yenhliziyo noma ezimbili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiguli iza kuhlasela, okuphawula yokushodelwa umoya.

Angina eba ngokumelene isizinda sokungalingani edingekayo senhliziyo esilimele oksijini lemali ukuthi uya kuwo. Ngenxa yalokho yokuntuleka eqakathekileko ezinjalo, kungukuphula lokugayeka kokudla futhi eqaphela nivume wakhe.

Izizathu zalokhu isimo kungenziwa zifihlwe iziyaluyalu kwegazi wendawo (ukuvaleka luminal kwemithambo yegazi), noma abukhali futhi isikhathi eside spasm yegazi yenhliziyo. yokuntuleka isikhathi eside i-oksijini kungaholela emiphumeleni engathí sina. Kulokhu, isiguli singase ukuthuthukisa ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

zokugula Izimbangela

Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuthatha imithi ngesikhathi esifanele ngoba angina inhliziyo. Izimpawu, izimbangela zezifo zidinga ucwaningo enemininingwane. Ukwazi kubo, ungakwazi usola isifo ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi futhi ukuhlinzeka ukunakekelwa nesineke.

Ziyini izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu of angina kuthiwa ebiyelwe lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

1. Ukukhuluphala. Lapho lubonakaliswa, ayanda ingozi angina.
2. Ukubhema. Man, phezu-kwencika imikhiqizo kagwayi, azichaye ingozi izinhlungu zokugula okungathí sina.
3. High igazi cholesterol.
4. Ukucindezeleka esiqine ngokomzwelo noma sindisa sezinzwa.
5. Ngifundise ngesifo sikashukela. Iziguli uxilongwe sifo ziyashesha kakhulu ukubukeka angina.
6. nokucindezeleka okungapheli.
7. Abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme nesifo senhliziyo.
8. Hypodynamy (ukuqina).
9. igazi High ekunqandeni, okwakuyoholela amahlule. Baziwa ukuvimba inesikhala imithambo yegazi. It thrombosis stenokardicheskie Sinike kuphakame ukuhlaselwa futhi ingqondo isilethikusebenza.
10. Umzimba syndrome (cholesterol aphezulu kuhlangene nomfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye ukukhuluphala).
11. Thrombophlebitis noma flebotromboz.

Akubalulekile ukuthi umuntu kuyo yonke zezici ngenhla. Engingakusho nje nasezinganeni omunye wabo ukuthuthukisa angina.

Zonke lezi zici kungaholela ekwakhekeni egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Kodwa kungaba Ungazihluphi isiguli, inqobo nje uma kukhona esiyoqalwa ezimweni ezithile.

Ngokuvamile, ukuhlaselwa angina athuthukile ngokumelene isizinda:

• ukuvivinya umzimba;
• izimo zezulu ezingezinhle;
• nakho ngokomzwelo.

Ukwahlukaniswa izifo

Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo eziningana zalesi sifo, angina. Izimpawu kanye oyiphuzayo ezithathwe isiguli, kubalulekile ukuxoxa nodokotela wakho.

Ukwahlukaniswa elandelayo kuzovumela ukuqonda ukuthi yini uhlobo lesi sifo wena obhekana nakho:

1. angina Esitebeleni. kwenzeka kuphela isizinda yokwanda. Ukuze zokugula nobuntu Class 4 agcwele ovumelekile umthwalo ezingeni, ikhono sikhuthazele inhliziyo.
2. angina engazinzile. Ibizwa nangokuthi ezithuthukayo. Isiguli bangezwa ukuwohloka abukhali zempilo. Nokho, akukho izimbangela ayeke ukunisa akukwazi. Odokotela bathi lolu hlobo isifo eba ayangena izitsha inhliziyo, owenziwe waba owasendaweni eduze qwembe atherosclerotic. Ngo nemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo kwakhiwa thrombus kwaphazamiseka evamile ukugeleza kwegazi.
3. angina Vasospastic. Ukugula ububonisa zibe sendawo imithambo inhliziyo. Imbangela yalesi sifo esivimba amanzi nomoya-mpilo ukulethwa ukwehluleka. Ngenxa yalokho, it eba spasm esibonisa angina. ukugula okunjalo uyakwazi ngiphumule.

amakilasi obusebenzayo angina esitebeleni

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kukhona kuphela 4:

1. Umphumela ubuhlungu besifuba kuyinto paroxysmal ngokwemvelo. Nokho, izenzakalo ezinjalo abasakwazi ezingavamile. Njengomthetho, inhlamvu zabo kuwumsebenzi onzima aphosekile.
2. Chest ukungakhululeki livela ngenkathi ukugibela izitebhisi. Ubuhlungu kwenzeka kubanda uma uhamba okusheshayo. Ukuhlaselwa kungase kubangele ukudla.
3. Ubuhlungu livela ngisho nangemva evamile ukuhamba kancane ibangana (mayelana 100 m). Chest ukungakhululeki kwenzeka emva ophumayo lesiguli kusuka kwesisekelo afudumele frost.
4. Isiguli ayikwazi ukwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi ngokomzimba. Ngisho umsebenzi aphansi uyakwazi avuse ngokuhlasela pectoris angina. Ukungakhululeki kungenzeka uphumule.

ezinzile pectoris angina

Ukuhlukanisa leli fomu ngempela kalula. Cabanga ngalokho uma zokugula ezifana angina ezinzile, izimpawu futhi yini imithi ukuthatha ukuqeda izenzo zokwelapha lesi sifo.

Ukugula onekhono elihle akamane ukuzibonakalisa kuze kube isikhathi lapho umuntu ayitsintseki trigger. Kodwa endabeni ka-ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba noma ngokomzwelo isiguli ekuthuthukiseni kokuquleka. Lona uphawu main izifo. ukubukeka kwakhe njalo kwandulelwe ukugunyazwa okwenziwe efanayo umthwalo ezingeni, ngokungafani kuya zokugula engazinzile.

kokuquleka Ubude besikhathi imizuzu engu-5 kuya ku-10. Noma yikuphi ukunwetshwa isimo ezingemnandi kubonisa angina engazinzile.

Esinye isici sobuntu lolu hlobo sifo somoya omnene. Endabeni esitebeleni angina nesineke kufanele uthathe iphilisi "nitroglycerin". Iphilisi elilodwa kwanele ukuze akhulule nesineke ekuhlaseleni. Uma kuziwa angina engazinzile, esinye isibhebhe sibonisa ngeke uyoqeda ubuhlungu lesiguli enhliziyweni yami.

izimpawu kuhlasela

Sishilo ngenhla kuka ukuyeka akujabulisi. Nokho, isiguli kufanele sazi ukuthi zokugula abadinga ukwelashwa eyanele kuphela udokotela angaba anikeze isiguli imithi ngoba angina inhliziyo.

izimpawu ukuhlaselwa yilezi:

1. sebuhlungwini obunzima ku sternum. Ukungakhululeki is ukugxisha, ecindezela uhlamvu. Isiguli ekhononda of umuzwa wobukhulu futhi ukuncinza esifubeni.
2. Ubuhlungu Zingase zande zisakazekele nakwezinye kwesobunxele ingalo, ehlombe, Intamo nomphimbo. Kakhulu ukungakhululeki ezingavamile ihlanganisa ohlangothini kwesokudla: ngesandla esiswini ndawo.
3. Ukuhlasela landulelwa ukucindezeleka: umzimba, nokucindezeleka okungokomzwelo okubangelwa, amakhaza sezulu ngaphandle, umoya onamandla. Ngokuvamile, kubangela usheshe, ikakhulukazi izimo zezulu ezimbi (ukushisa, amakhaza, umoya), ukugibela izitebhisi noma ukudla kakhulu.
4. Ukungakhululeki kuboniswa njalo ngqo kakhulu, kakhulu. Ukuhlaselwa kufika ku ngokuzumayo, phakathi umthwalo enkulu.
5. kokuquleka isikhathi, kuye ukuma, zingaba khona cishe usuku 1 iminithi kuya ku-15.

I olungenhla izimpawu zakudala basemtholampilo angina. Nokho, zikhona izici atypical agcwele inhliziyo ischaemia. Ake sihlole kubo.

Izimpawu amafomu atypical

engaveza kanjani nalesi sifo? Ezinye izigaba zabantu (avame kubonakala asebekhulile noma abantu abanesifo sikashukela), ubuhlungu ngesikhathi kuhlaselwa ayikwazi uyalandelwa.

Kulezi iziguli, angina kwenza ngokwayo wazizwa lo mtholampilo:

• palpitations njalo ;
• isicanucanu;
• ngenxa yobuthakathaka;
• ukujuluka.

Ngezinye izikhathi kuba khona okuhlaselayo singenzeka ngaphandle izimpawu nhlobo. Lokhu zokugula ibizwa ngokuthi "buthule" ischemia.

Atypical angina izimpawu Ngokuvamile ubonakaliswa isimo sengqondo:

1. Ukuphelelwa ngumoya. Lo mkhuba ubizwa baphawula phezu exhale futhi donsa. Khona kanye ukubukeka kwawo kuphakamisa ukuphumula olungaphelele imisipha yenhliziyo.
2. ukukhathala siqhamuke nje futhi sinamandla kubangelwa umthwalo. Isizathu salokhu itholakala izimpawu ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo kanye nokuntuleka contractile umsebenzi imisipha yenhliziyo.
3. Ubuhlungu ukungakhululeki. Uma likhona, ikwazi ukunikeza uhlangothi, ehlombe, namazinyo.

izimpawu ezinjalo zibizwa ngokuthi ama okulingana anginal.

eziphuthumayo

Yiqiniso, iningi Sinesithakazelo elandelayo imibuzo (angina uma kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini): izimpawu futhi yini imithi ukuthatha egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo.

Uma ukuhlasela ukuthuthukiswa kufanele sithathe izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Misa umzimba uhlale kahle, imilenze yakhe ensimbi alenga phansi.
2. Khipha entanyeni yendoda le esifubeni (unbutton leyembe lakhe, isuswe uthayi wakhe).
3. Nikeza umoya ohlanzekile.
4. I kungase kudingeke ukuba isiguli ukuhlafuna esinye isibhebhe sibonisa "aspirin".
5. Isiguli ibekwe ngaphansi kolimi iphilisi "nitroglycerin". Lokhu ukulungiselela Ungashintshanisa imithi ezilandelayo ngoba angina inhliziyo "Nitrolingval" (1 tablet) noma "Izoket" (1 umjovo).
6. Uma emva kwemizuzu 3 ubuhlungu ukungakhululeki kuyaqhubeka, kubalulekile ukuba baphindaphinde umthamo. Nokho, qaphela ukuthi abangaphezu kuka-3 amaphilisi ingasetshenziswa hhayi ngesikhathi esisodwa kuhlasela (imijovo).
7. Uma uhlangabezana ubuhlungu bekhanda, isiguli kumele inikezwe isidambisa-zinhlungu, "Baralgin", "Analgin", "sedalgin".
8. Endabeni ephezulu ingcindezi kudingeka ukuba isiguli sibe ngesivinini antihypertensives ezifana "clonidine".
9. Palpitations ukusiza kujwayeleke imithi "Inderal".

yezinkinga lesi sifo

Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuthatha wonke umuthi ngoba angina, ebekwe udokotela. Kusukela zokugula kungaholela emiphumeleni engathí sina kakhulu:

• arrhythmia;
• tachycardia ventricular;
• ukushaqeka cardiogenic;
• fibrillation ventricular;
• olubanzi esivimba amanzi infarction;
• blockades atrioventricular;
• congestive ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo;
• pericarditis;
• embolism yamaphaphu.

ukuphathwa isifo

Nobunzima angina ngezindlela ezimbili:

1. ukwelashwa olandelanayo. Kumele kwenziwe ku kukho konke ukuphila.
2. Surgery. Iwukubuyisela adingekayo kwegazi inhliziyo.

Cabanga ngalokho ezinqunyiwe yokwelapha angina ukuthi bafake iziguli kuma ngcono isimo sabo.

ukwelashwa okulondoloza siqukethe amaqembu elandelayo izidakamizwa:

1. Imithi ezinciphisa amahlule, "aspirin", "Clopidogrel", "Trombostop".
2. Beta-blocker. Nciphisa isidingo imisipha yenhliziyo oksijini, ekubuyiseleni ukulinganisela okudingekayo, ukunciphisa ingcindezi kanye nokuvama Kufinyeta. imikhiqizo ezinconyiwe "metoprolol", "Bisaprolol", "Nebivolol," "Atenolol".
3. Statin. Nciphisa lokuhlushwa cholesterol emzimbeni. Akunikeze imithi "Simvastatin", "Atorvastatin".
4. ACE inhibitor. Imithi evimbela vasospasm. nemithi Ngempumelelo "Perindopril" "Lisinopril", "Noliprel", "Enalapril", "Sonoprel".
5. Calcium isiteshi abantu abamelene nani. Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa umoya-mpilo kwenhliziyo. Prescribers "Verapamil", "Verogalid" "Diltiazem".
6. Nitrate. Nikela ukunwetshwa imithambo yegazi, kunciphisa isidingo inhliziyo oxygen. Nitroglycerin imithi Kunconywe ' "" Isosorbide. "

Kuye isimo lesiguli akhethiwe nemithi ebalulekile:

1. Angina nokwelulekwa arrhythmia zihlanganisa izidakamizwa antiarrhythmic. izidakamizwa "procainamide" Kunconywa kaningi.
2. Uma kudingekile, nokuvimbela ukushaqeka cardiogenic ukuncoma amaphilisi ezinhlungu, "Talamonal", "Omnopon", "Morphine", "Promedol" "Fentanyl".
3. Imithi for pectoris angina, isilethikusebenza, congestive senhliziyo - ngokuvamile okusheshayo-glycosides: "Strofantin", "Korglikon", "convallatoxin".

Prevention lokugula

Musa zithokozise lokhu zokugula njengoba angina! Izimpawu, ukwelashwa, ukuvimbela izifo kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi kuzoxoxwa nodokotela wakho. Ukuzelapha kulesi simo kuyingozi kakhulu!

Izinyathelo ulula futhi ebiyelwe kuhambisana "imithetho CHD":

• Futhi - ukususa ukubhema noma ephefumula lentuthu kagwayi.
• B - ukunyakaza ngaphezulu, umsebenzi.
• C - ukunciphisa umzimba, uthole ekulweni ukukhuluphala.

Ukuhambisana lawa mathiphu alula uyobavikela umuntu kungakhathaliseki ubulili nobudala, ukuthuthukiswa isifo esiyingozi kangaka, angina.