Marina Antonovna Denikina: Biography, izincwadi, izithombe

Denikin, Marina Antonovna, biography uvezwa sihloko, njengoba umethuli nomlobi, wahlangana Salvador Dali futhi Pablo Picasso, wayengumngane Marc Chagall. Kodwa isithakazelo esiyinhloko abaseRussia kungenxa imizamo emikhulu ukuze alungise negama likayise - Jikelele Denikin, ngubani ephethwe ukunyakaza White ngesikhathi kulwiwa.

Indodakazi Jikelele

Anton Ivanovich Denikin kwaba yinyama kakhudlwana futhi igazi labantu bayo, kwendlula labo labashada kubhekwe abe yisitha. Uyise, ongowokuzalwa serfs (Isifundazwe Saratov), wanikela ukuphila kwakhe impi. Endleleni yakhe futhi ngaya Anton Ivanovich, wazibonakalisa iqhawe Russian-Japanese War kanye neMpi Yezwe II. Rising isikhundla sokuba Jikelele elithatha igama lakhe elikhazimulayo, kamuva washada, ukusekela zonke izinto ngokungathí sina unina ogulayo. ekukhetheni kwaKhe kwaba abasha noKseniya Vasilevna Chizh, razglyadevshy lapho ubhala ithalente kanye intelligence olungavamile.

Denikin, Marina Antonovna, isithombe ukuthi okusesihlokweni esithi, yazalwa ngo-20.02.1919, lapho Ubaba vele 46. endaweni lokuzalwa kwakhe - esibhedlela samasosha e Ekaterinodar, lapho ngemva konyaka unina ngakhipha umkhumbi angaphandle eConstantinople. Kube nempi yombango, okuyinto kusukela ekuqaleni Anton Ivanovich amaBolshevik wahola ukunyakaza ukumelana in eningizimu yeRussia. yisosha ayikaze sezombusazwe, kodwa uyezwa isifungo, uyiqonda kanjani yena udumo lempi amyisa nimelene nohulumeni engumlanjwana elafika amandla ngokungemthetho. Adherent ohlanga ngokomthethosisekelo, wasala e White ukunyakaza, futhi ngo-1920, ingcindezi evela kwesokudla-wing amabutho wamnikela ngokusemthethweni phezu umyalo Baron Wrangel.

"Ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe Golden"

Umndeni wahlanganiswa eConstantinople, lapho, elinde indoda yakhe, Xenia Vasilievna wahlala nendodakazi yakhe encane isakhiwo lenxusa. Waqala neminyaka enzima egcwele nokuzula nezimo zokuphila ezingezinhle. ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe IMisa ngesikhathi kulwiwa eyagcina yaziwa ngokuthi "segolide", kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi elite Russian oke wahlala ngezithukuthuku usekelo lwe uthi European. Anton Ivanovich, kokuba ithalente emkhakheni izincwadi esedlule oyenzile ngaphansi mbumbulu Nochin, kodwa manje kwadingeka ukusekela umkakhe nendodakazi ngezithukuthuku umsebenzi wokubhala. Umndeni wazulazula Europe (Great Britain, e-Austria, iBelgium, Hungary), ngenkathi ngo-1926 akuzange esezinzile France. Denikin, Marina Antonovna, okuphila kwakhe kwenzeka "ngaphandle" yezwe, kubhekwa ikhaya lakhe lesibili.

Ubaba uqale ukufundisa indodakazi yakhe isiRashiya nezincwadi, efundisa ukufunda nokubhala imisebenzi M. Yu. Lermontova. Kodwa yena njalo wagijimela abangane isiFulentshi, bengaziqondi inkulumo umndeni mayelana Russia nase empini. Kusukela imali uhulumeni waseRussia zibekwe Bank of eFrance naseNgilandi, Denikin nomthelela impesheni ezincane, okuyinto sina bophulwe umndeni, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi impi yokulwa wobushiqela. Kodwa lokhu akwanele ukuphila okunethezekile, ngakho lapho eseneminyaka engu-17, ngemva kokuthola iziqu ekolishi, kwadingeka ukuya e-UK, lapho iminyaka emibili wayesifundisa IsiZulu nomndeni Russian. Emuva e-France, Marina Antonovna Denikina kwaba umsebenzi eziholela umsakazo, bese - kumabonakude.

ukuphila Siqu

Daughter of Jikelele Denikin wayeshadile kathathu, konke umyeni wakhe - isiFulentshi. Ngemva kokufa umlingani yesibili, Yakhulisa indodana yakhe ngegama Michel Boudet, hhayi ucabanga ubuhlobo obusha. Umsebenzi we okuholela ithelevishini, bahlangana nalo mlando Jean-François Kyappom, eyayintula izinhlelo ayo zomlando ithelevishini. Wayefanele izimpande ezihloniphekayo, njengoba sengike kule igrafu. bogey yobudala wakhe umehluko, ngoba wakhethwa engaphezu kwengu-13. indima eqakathekileko ekwenzeni iziphakamiso ngomshado kudlalwa indodana, ekuthandeni umqondo usosayensi abasha. engaphezu kwamashumi amane lo mbhangqwana wahlala Versailles, i inxuluma ubudala, esigodlweni kabani samakhosi amafasitela ebonakalayo. Marina Antonovna Denikina wajabula emshadweni lwesithathu besinde umyeni wakhe iminyaka eminingi.

INdodana uhlala eseduze neParis, ngokuxhumanisa ukuphila kwakhe ne-TV. Ngakho nami ngalandela ezinyathelweni zakhe, futhi indodakazi endala, igibele imibiko imibhalo. Ngaphandle efanayo uyisemkhulu noMichel ukuxhumana Russia, olondolozela zingamagugu angamafa umndeni futhi uyaziqhenya imvelaphi yabo.

umsebenzi wokubhala

Ebhala ngaphansi mbumbulu Marina Gray, indodakazi Jikelele uqale ngisho ngenkathi usebenza kumabonakude. Yena udlulisele ithalente kayise, ngoba inoveli ezincane ezisekelwe kweminyaka eyishumi isipiliyoni ekudluliselweni umsakazo kwabesifazane wamngenisa saphumelela ngezinga elithile. Kodwa imisebenzi egcwele etemibhalo Denikin Marina Antonovna, ogama izincwadi manje ethandwa eFrance Russia, waqala ukuqhuba ngemva kokushiya ithelevishini. Kwathi emveni kokuba njalo ukunqoba ukhetho of Georges Pompidou ngo-1969, musa nje umthanda nge imbangi yakhe yezombusazwe. incwadi Okokuqala, "White Army" Marina Gray wabhala oda futhi kangaka ugxile umlando, ukuthi kwalandelwa "Ice Mashi" nezincwadi eziningana kumlando isiFulentshi, umyeni omuhle kwaba uchwepheshe kulo mkhakha.

Zonke yena utlole imisebenzi engaphezu kwamashumi amabili, kuhlanganise isici izindaba. Iningi okujabulisayo AmaRashiya: "Ubaba - Jikelele Denikin", "Rasputin", "Mina kaPawulu", "Uphenyo lokubulala le Romanovs" nelithi "Jenene efa phakathi kobusuku." Izinkumbulo kayise, ka ngabomvu yashicilelwa eFrance ngo-1985, kodwa uvele Russia eminyakeni senkulungwane ezimbili kuphela. Lezi zihlanganisa izihloko kanye izingxenyana ezicashunwe Diaries Anton Ivanovich, okwembula ukushisekela ubuzwe bakhe nosizi ukudalelwa womuntu, zibancishe lakubo alithandayo.

Ngo ekudingisweni, yona ayizange wahlanganyela emisebenzini ethile yezombusazwe nasemikhosini kwakungeyona ingxenye yenhlangano, ukuphupha kumeshi. Umsekeli umqondo Russia omkhulu futhi indivisible, akazange bakwemukele KwamaBolshevik amafilosofi, kodwa ngokungafani kuya Jikelele Krasnov wathatha isikhundla anti-undlovukayiphikiswa nge kokuqala kweMpi Yezwe II. Wayehola wakhe ukuze eningizimu yeFrance, bese nomkakhe bathuthela e-United States. Akwaziwa yokuthi isiphathimandla German abanegunya, wammemela ukuthuthela eJalimane futhi ukuphila okunethezekile, kodwa Denikin akazange abheke ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuba kuye.

Isimo Sengqondo eRussia

Marina Antonovna Denikina ukhumbula ukuthi uyise anifundanga isiFulentshi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo Russian ngokuphelele umphefumulo indoda. Phakathi naleso sikhathi yena kwakwande Russia ngempela ngemva kokufa Anton Ivanovich (1947) kanye ne amafayela walo. Izincwadi ku-umlando White nhlangano yaphoqeleka kangaka ugxile wakhe ngemva kweminyaka engu-40, wezwa imisuka yangempela Russian. Eqaphela ukuthi empini yombango okungeke kwanqotshwa, yena wayefuna 'ukubuyela' uyise lakubo zomlando. Uthe ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe ngenhliziyo ukuhlasela Denikin kakhulu ephupha kulondolozwa Russia futhi wakholwa ukuthi inzalo yakhe, yasishiya main - igama zakhe eziphelele.

Xenia V, ngasinda umyeni wakhe iminyaka engu-26, isikunikezele iminyaka kumiswa komyeni wakhe ingobo yomlando, nginikeza yona Columbia University. Indodakazi akuthola kudingekile ukuhlala izinto mathupha eqoqwe kudlule Russia. Yena waba nenhlanhla at yokwamukela inxusa Russian e-Paris ukuhlangabezana Putin, ayefune wanika isifiso zikababa ukubona Russia omkhulu futhi indivisible. Futhi uma izwe ngeke ukwazi ukuba babe indivisible ke ubuswa uMongameli ukwenza kube okukhulu. Phakathi neminyaka emibili senkulungwane wamthatha iqhaza kulo mkhankaso ukubuya umlotha owakwakhe Denikins ezweni lawo zomlando.

Ukubuyiselwa Ezweni Lakini yemizimba

Ehlobo lika-2005 Marina Antonovna Denikina wayeseba yisakhamuzi eRussia, futhi ekwindla, kanye nendodana yakhe nomzukulu endala nengxenye bazingcwabe kabusha kayise e-Donskoy Monastery. Yena uthuthwa evela emathuneni Russian e-New Jersey (USA). Okulandelayo - ethuneni Xenia Vasilievna, owashona ngo-France, kodwa kweminyaka wahlanganiswa umlingani othandekayo. Emhlanganweni noMongameli we indodakazi WaseRussia jikelele sika wamnika nenkemba nokulwa, ubaba wathola ngo-1915. Kuphakanyiswe ukuthi eyigugu evela kokhokho lomndeni ezibalulekile kufanele kube ngawakho ezweni ogama nokuzinikela Anton Ivanovich Denikin wagomela kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe.

Afterword

Denikin, Marina Antonovna wafa ngemva kwenyanga egcwalisa intando kayise - lokuthola ukuthula izwe lazo lendabuko. Washiya eneminyaka engu-engu-86, ngosuku olwandulela kokuqeda okuqoshiwe master ohambweni lwakhe ekuphileni eRussia. Ngaphambi nje kwalokho, enika nge-intaviyu "Izvestiya" iphephandaba, indodakazi jikelele, ukukhuluma ngolimi lwabo lwendabuko njengabantu kancane, bathi baneliseke ukuthi awushiye lomhlaba isakhamuzi yezwe lapho wazalwa ekuqa- kwezinkathi ezimbili zesikhathi. Njengoba benemizimba emincane, umnikazi nenhle of bukhoma amehlo aluhlaza, izohlala inkumbulo lokhu indodakazi kayise wamnika uthando yezwe lenkaba yawo zomlando.