Kuyini psychology?

Ukuphila okuyinkimbinkimbi nokuphila okuningi, intshisekelo eyengeziwe esiyikhombisa ezweni lethu elingaphakathi, ukuzama ukuqonda nokuqonda ukujula kwalo, imithetho yentuthuko kanye nokwakhiwa kobuntu nezindlela zokuxhumana nemvelo, ukuze impilo yethu ivumelane futhi iphumelele. Ngakho-ke, mhlawumbe, nesithakazelo ekufundeni kwengqondo njengesayensi mayelana nomuntu, izici zakhe siqu, akugcini nje kuphela ukwehlisa, kodwa, ngokuphambene nalokho, kukhula njalo. Kuyini psychology? Luhlobo luni lwesayensi oluzama ukuhlukanisa imfihlakalo yomphefumulo womuntu?

Ukufunda ukucwaninga kwengqondo, abanye abantu bazama ukufunda okwengeziwe ngokwabo ngale ndlela, abanye, njengoba babe nendima "abaphilisa umphefumulo", zama ukuqonda izindlela nezindlela zokuthonya umuntu ukumsiza ukuba aqonde izinkinga zakhe zokuphila. Kodwa ukwenza lezizinto eziyinkimbinkimbi, kudinga ulwazi olujulile, ukucwaninga okuqhubekayo kanye nokwenziwa komsebenzi ngezindlela zokuziphatha, ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlela zesayensi zokuqonda izwe langaphakathi lomuntu kanye nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa nokuthuthukiswa kwakhe. Kuyini psychology? Lena yinkimbinkimbi enkulu yezobuciko ezitholwa iminyaka eminingi yocwaningo lokuhlola nokubonwa kwemibono, echazwe, ehlelwe futhi ejwayelekile ngokusosayensi kwezengqondo ezikoleni neziqondiso ezihlukahlukene. I-Psychology nayo iyisenzo esiwusizo: isazi sengqondo esendaweni yokubonisana sizama ukusiza iseluleko sakhe kubantu abanezinkinga zokuhlelwa kwezenhlalakahle, ezengqondo nezomzwelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe bezengqondo baqhubeka bekhona emabhizinisini nasezikoleni, lapho bahlanganyela khona enhlanganweni yokusebenza kwemisebenzi, yokufundisa nokuphatha. Labachwepheshe basebenzisa ulwazi oluqoqiwe nolwazi jikelele, okuveza ngokusebenzayo kanye nokuxhumana ngokuqondile nabantu ezindaweni zabo ezibuthakathaka.

Lapho uphendula lo mbuzo ukuthi yini engokwenyama kwengqondo, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa nokuchaza zonke izinkambu ezisetshenzisiwe zesayensi.

I-psychologist yezokwelapha isebenza nabantu abahlangabezana nama-phobias ahlukene, ama-neurotic, izinkathazo ezibaphazamisa empilweni evamile yansuku zonke. Ngosizo lwama-interview kanye namasu ezengqondo, isazi sikhombisa lezi zinkinga ukuze sikhethe ukuphathwa kwengqondo efanele.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-psychologist-consultant ukusiza abantu ebuhlotsheni bomphakathi, emndenini, eqenjini, ezimweni zokuphikisana. Labachwepheshe basebenza ezikoleni nasemabhizinisini, futhi ezindaweni ezibucayi zisiza abantu abazithola bephila ezimweni ezibucayi. Izazi zengqondo-abacebisi bafuna kakhulu emkhakheni wezomthetho, basize ekudaluleni ubugebengu, ngokubambisana, ngenkathi esebenza neziboshwa.

I-psychology yezempi igxila ekuthuthukiseni izindlela zokulalela, ukuqinisa ubudlelwane beqembu. Indawo ekhethekile lapha ihlala ngokucwaninga okuhlobene nesifo se- post-traumatic - isimo sengqondo esinzima sabantu abahlanganyele empi.

I-psychology yezemidlalo yenza izincomo kubagijimi, ibasize ukuba bathole imiphumela ephezulu emidlalweni. Kuyaziwa ukuthi akuyona nje ukulungiswa okuhle ngokomzimba, kodwa futhi nokuzizwa kwengqondo ethile kubaluleke kakhulu ukunqoba komdlali.

Olunye igatsha elibalulekile lokusebenza kwengqondo okusebenzayo yi-psychology yokukhangisa. Imisebenzi yayo eyinhloko ukusiza ochwepheshe bezokukhangisa benza izindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokukhuthaza nokuthengisa izimpahla kanye nezinsizakalo emakethe, lapho indima ebaluleke kakhulu idlala yi-psychology yokubona umbala, ifomu nemisindo.

Kukhona amasimu amaningi asetshenziswayo kwengqondo. Uma umphakathi uqhubeka ngokwengeziwe, kukhula insimu yomsebenzi wengqondo. Kodwa ngaphandle kwezesayensi esetshenzisiwe, kusekhona inamba enkulu yamagatsha esayensi, okuyilowo nalowo unezindlela zakhe zokuqonda kanye nokufunda komuntu nomphakathi, isisekelo salo kanye nombono othile wendlela yokuziphatha komuntu. Okuyisisekelo kunawo - ukuziphatha, i-psychoanalysis, i-gestalt psychology, ingqondo yokuqonda, ikhona kanye ne- psychology yabantu , njll. Ngakho-ke, kuyini ingqondo? Kunzima ukuphendula lo mbuzo, ngoba incazelo elula ifihla isiqu esikhulu kakhulu sabantu abazama ukuziqonda bona kanye nezwe elibazungezile.