Indlela ushayele abakhe emizini? Izakhamuzi eKursk - kuryane noma Kurchanov?

ERussia, nakwamanye amazwe, eziningi okungavamile ngamagama indawo: Alaverdi, ngaya eYoshkar-Ola, Goose-crystal nokunye. Umbuzo sobala indlela ukubiza abakhileyo kulezi nemizana? Ngokwesibonelo, izakhamuzi eKursk - ke Kurchanov noma kuryane? Isihloko sethu kuzosiza ukubhekana nale nkinga.

Kuyini amagama ndawo etnohoronimy?

Ngaphambi kokuba siphendule lo mbuzo eyinhloko isihloko sendlela kahle ngokuthi izakhamuzi eKursk nakwamanye amadolobha kudingeka sithole okushiwo amanye amagama.

Ngakho, ngaphansi toponym kushiwo noma yimuphi igama lendawo. Kungaba amagama nemizana kwezinye izindawo, landforms, emifuleni, ezilwandle, emachibini, ezitaladini nokunye.

Nge indawo amagama uhlobene eduze nani, futhi ezinye imiqondo - demonym (lisuselwa egameni lesiGreki "ethnos" - abantu). Leli yigama kwabakhileyo endaweni ethile noma indawo. Futhi akufanele kudidaniswe amagama etnohoronimy izizwe, nabantu noma izizwe. Lona umbono ohluke ngokuphelele.

Manje ungaya embuzweni olandelayo: indlela ukubiza abakhileyo eKursk, Arkhangelsk noma imuphi omunye umuzi? Futhi akawenzi amaphutha?

Indlela ukubiza abakhileyo eKursk, Omsk, Arkhangelsk?

I tijobelelo esetshenziswa ukwakha etnohoronimov yilesi:

• -ts-;
• -ch-;
• -an-, -yan-;
• -chan.

I Kubhalwe nohlu lwamagama ezakhamuzi nemizana Ubhale ndawonye njalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yokuqala igama lendawo (isibonelo: i-New York - baseNew okusha).

ulimi Mhlawumbe hhayi nje kwaqondana Russian njengoba enye yezinto ezinzima kakhulu ukufunda. Abanye baze bathi akunakwenzeka ukufunda - kubalulekile kuphela ukuzizwa. Uma sicabanga ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene ongakhetha etnohoronimov ke kungcono akunzima kangako ukusingatha indaba bakholwe.

Ngakho, lapho ongakhetha ulula ukuphi. Ngokwesibonelo: Moscow - Moscow, Kiev - Kiev, Paris - baseParis, njll Nokho, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi idatha eziningi amagama endaweni kuzwa. Kodwa etnohoronimy uhlobo amagama wedolobha ezifana Alaverdi, Oslo noma Vary? Lapha ngaphandle kosizo le philologist kakade ongakwazi ukuzenza.

Isijobelelo -ts- ngolimi Russian isetshenziselwa ukwakha etnohoronimov ezenzeka kusukela amagama endaweni ziphethe -ino, -eno, -ovo, -evo. Ngokwesibonelo: kwedolobha lase-Ivanovo - Ivanovo nezakhamuzi; Domodedovo - izakhamizi domodedovtsy njll Isijobelelo -ch- iphathelene zakudala, isetshenziswa kuphela endabeni kanye nemizi ubudala Russian (eMoscow - Moscow, saseTomsk -. Tomich et al).

Uma amagama nemizana iphele -rm, -tsk noma -tsk ke imfundo etnohoronimov ngokuvamile tijobelelo uyakulangazelela', Yang, -chan (isib, e-Irkutsk - Irkutsk izakhamuzi).

Kodwa akubona bonke etnohoronimy akhiwa ngokuvumelana nalesi simiso. Ngakho, kukhona amagama amaningi amadolobha aseRussia, okuyinto okunzima kakhulu ukuthola ifomu elifanele kanye efanele yokuphimisela igama elithi abantu bakhona. By the way, izakhamuzi eKursk futhi abangaphansi kwalesi Ukwehluka uhlu etnohoronimov.

Kanjani hhayi ukwenza iphutha kulesi simo? Ukuze wenze lokhu, kukhona abasizi - izichazamazwi ezikhethekile, ihlanganiswe ngu zezilimi abanekhono. Ngakho, enye yalezi yanyatheliswa ngo-2003: "amagama Russian kwabakhileyo: Uluhlu".

Izakhamuzi eKursk: indlela ukubabiza?

EKursk - lingumuzi wasendulo, kanye ingxenye Grand Duchy of Lithuania. It yasungulwa ngo 1032 futhi namuhla kuyinto zezimboni, ezokuthutha, elaliyisikhungo esibalulekile kwamasiko nenkolo ka engxenyeni European yeRussia. Edolobheni wanamuhla wabantu mayelana 430.000. Izakhamuzi emzini eKursk esikhiqiza ezweni plastic kanye nemikhiqizo iraba, imishini kagesi kanye nokudla. Kukhona zocwaningo eziningana namanyuvesi.

izakhamizi eKursk kahle futhi ngendlela efanele ngokuthi kuryane (hhayi Kurchanov). Futhi kuryanin - umhlali besilisa kuryanka - zesifazane.

Ezinye etnohoronimy engavamile

Kwamanye amadolobha zomhlaba kwabesifazane, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, futhi ongenalo wamukelekile. Kulezi amagama endaweni akunakwenzeka ukwakha etnohoronimy njengabesifazane! Lezi "idolobha nangokobulili" zihlanganisa: New York (USA), Daugavpils (Latvia), Copenhagen (Denmark), Pereslavl (Russia).

Nalu uhlu ezinye etnohoronimov engavamile (Russian kanye angaphandle):

• Oslo: oslovets, oslovka;
• Cannes: kannets, kannka;
• Engels: engelsity, engelsitki;
• Yaya: yaychanin, yaychanka;
• Arkhangelsk: arhangelogorodets, arhangelogorodka;
• Omsk: ohmic, omichka;
• Rzhev: rzhevityanin, rzhevityanka;
• Torzhok: Novotorov, novotorka.

isiphetho

Manje uyazi ukuthi ukubiza abakhileyo eKursk. Kufanele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi imithetho ezivamile ukwakheka kwamagama, etnohoronimov ngolimi Russian akekho. Ukuze indlela ngayinye (edolobheni), kuyinto efiselekayo ukusebenzisa isichazamazwi ekhethekile.