Amalungelo engane enkulisa. Samalungelo Engane ngezibonelo

Wake wacabanga mayelana lokuthi umphakathi kumele anikeze ingane? Nazi ezinye izibonelo zalabo iziqinisekiso, okuyizinto ngasiphi preschooler oba khona enkulisa. Kusukela lapho sizalwa waze waba mdala ukuthi izingane siqu "amalungelo" abo ngabanye. Zonke amalungelo engane (kafushane isidingo sabo ukwazi yimuphi ubaba nomama) ezibekwe EMhlanganweni UN.

Kungumsebenzi abazali kuhlanganisa ukuqapha esiqinile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngesikhathi evakashele enkulisa babengatshelwanga i-. Uma sihlaziya ngokoqobo, practice amalungelo wengane enkulisa eshaywe, kodwa ayikho lesimbi angawutholi isijeziso esifanele, ngoba akuzona zonke izingane eziphathwa njalo akhononde ngabazali bazo ku yileso sifo nabanakekeli babo.

Uyini Isentha?

Lo mbhalo wamukelwa UN, futhi akuyona kuphela ucezu umthetho, okuyinto wathinta phezu "amalungelo engane." amazwe aseYurophu basingatha ngokuthi inkinga ukuvikelwa izingane zasenkulisa, wazi ukuthi ngalesi mdala kangakanani bebodwa kudingeka bazibonele engakwazi. Kunoma yiliphi izwe ophucukile neyazo imithetho, okuyinto libala amalungelo engane (enkulisa, ikakhulukazi).

Yini imibhalo lokulawula iziqinisekiso we Russian Federation?

Ezweni lethu kukhona Ikhodi Family, ngaphezu, usebenza yonke eMthethweni? "Eziqinisekisweni Basic Child Esintu Russian Federation". Le mibhalo kuyisisekelo osonhlalakahle ngubani ukuqapha inhlalakahle imindeni. Samalungelo ingane zasenkulisa avikelekile ngoMthetho "Kwezemfundo". Kukhona futhi izincwadi zokuphatha, imiyalelo lapho nazo ebekiwe. Lezi ziqondiso linqume wonke amalungelo wengane zasenkulisa, abazali kufanele ukuthi uyifunde ngokucophelela futhi bavikele uma kunesidingo, okusekelwe kuzo le mithetho, izingane zabo.

Siya enkulisa

ngokoqobo Russian wukuthi entry enkulisa ngokuvamile iqala ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana, kodwa ukuze uthole ekusungulweni ingane can kuphela eba neminyaka emithathu. Isizathu Ukwenyuka kwesilinganiso lokuzalwa, kanye evaliwe ngesikhathi kubhujiswa eU.SSR eziningi zasenkulisa. Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga ye ukushoda izindawo osukwini lwethu ekwakheni izingadi entsha, kodwa ukuqedwa wako is akulindelekile.

Ukuvikela amalungelo ayisisekelo wengane isikole sabaqalayo, kanye kungenzeka ukuvakashela ingane, le nhlangano iye ngokomthetho isibopho iziphathimandla ukuba banikeze izingane zabo endaweni singenamuntu ngoba imfundo pre-school. Njengoba nje yakho umntwana ithuba weza kunqunywa dislocation emkhayeni, zikhona izinkinga ezihlukahlukene. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umntwana elinde isigaba esisha ekuphileni kwakhe, ukuba nomuzwa ekhathazayo, ngoba akucaci ukuthi ncamashi kuzokwenzeka endaweni entsha, lapho eduze kwayo kuyoba futhi upapa noma unina. Imizwa abazali abenza ukhulelwe ngokufaka zezingane zasenkulisa, okuningi okuhle kodwa. Banomuzwa ukukhathazeka, ukudumala, abanye ngokwesaba, injabulo ngokuba yabo esikhathini esizayo "abafundi."

Omunye izimpikiswano ezinkulu ukuthi akumelwe iwe emkhakheni Ngenxa abazali - amalungelo ingane enkulisa. Akubona bonke omama yesimanje futhi obaba babe ukuqonda ngokugcwele kubo. Nakuba ukungazi ngezinye izikhathi kudala izinkinga zempilo yengqondo esinzulu ukuthi zinzima kakhulu ukulungisa ngisho eminyakeni embalwa. Okuqukethwe amalungelo ezingane - inkinga ukuthi akuwona wonke unina noma uyise bazothini, ngenkathi abafundisi ongasisebenzisa ngokugcwele.

Izibonelo dokumentov- "zizivikele"

amalungelo Basic kwezingane, izibonelo okufanele ukwazi konke abazali abakhathalelayo, esekelwe Convention, Ikhodi Family, uMthetho "eziqinisekisweni Basic Child Esintu Russian Federation". Yiqiniso, yikuphi ukwephula lezi ziqondiso uholele zokuphatha kanye nomthetho wezobugebengu.

Njengoba kuqinisekiswa esikoleni?

Bala amalungelo ayisisekelo wengane sabaqalayo abazali, ukuze bakwazi ukuvikela izingane zabo (uma kunesidingo). Ngakho, lokhu kwesokudla ingane:

1. Ukuze imfundo, kanye ukubunjwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlangano amakhono zokudala nokungokwenyama. Kuzo zonke izikhungo zemfundo zasenkulisa ubophekile ukuba afeze ngoba izingane ukuthuthukisa amakilasi ezengeziwe. Ngaphezu ukuhlola bengaphandle ezinkulu, amageyimu, umntwana kufanele kusishukumisele bebheke ekukhuleni. Kute kwetfulwe imigomo othisha abasebenza izinkulisa, ukusiza izingane ngcono, kancane kancane sibe nzima imisebenzi ukuba ixazululwe (Nokho unganakile babonakala elula kakhulu abadala). Esikhathini kungabikhona kwetinhlobo zentuthuko unesizathu sokukholwa ukuthi isiqinisekiso woniwa. Ezweni lethu esinalo inethiwekhi ezinkulu of zasenkulisa izikhungo zemfundo, abasebenza ubusuku nemini noma emini. Kubuyekeziwe izinhlelo zokufundisa ezasenkulisa, owethulwa amazinga okhethekile kahulumeni isimo elawula ukuthuthukiswa izingane izinkulisa.
2. On the game. Kususelwa ukuthuthukiswa amakhono engqondo nawokuxoxa yokudala wengane, kumelwe kukhunjulwe futhi ukuthi kubalulekile ukuba ingane umdlalo. Yilapho-ke lapho uthola emakhonweni okukhulumisana, ngakho ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele zikhokhelwe othisha ukwehluka, okuyinto akazihluphi izingane.
3. Impilo nokuphila. Mhlawumbe lena ilungelo eliyisisekelo wengane sabaqalayo (abazali kwalamalungelo abaluleke kakhulu), ngoba sokungalandeli umthetho zabo ukuphila kid sika osengozini sina. UMthetho "Kwezemfundo" libhekisela yokuthi semfundo pre-school ubophekile ukuqinisekisa abafundi babo impilo yabo. Uma kudingekile, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ingane kumele inikezwe, ngakho labo izikhungo zezingane ukuthi akudingeki ihhovisi yezokwelapha, kuphula isiqinisekiso kwezokulapha, ngakhoke kumele ivalwe.
4. Ukuze avikeleke emimoyeni ukuhlukunyezwa. Abanakekeli bangasiduduza ukumemeza, kodwa kunzima nakakhulu - hit izingane. Lena nhlobo futhi kumele kumiswe njengoba abazali kanye nokuphathwa engadini.
5. Ukuvikela izidingo nezithakazelo ingane. Izingane kufanele basingatha ngenxa, amathoyizi kanye nezinto eziphathelene nenhlanzeko eziyisisekelo - ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo.
6. On ukudla izinga. ingane umzimba idinga izinga eyanele, ukugeleza egcwele ukudla usuku lonke. Uma izingane zinikelwe imikhiqizo ne eshalofini yokuphila isikhathi, amalungelo wengane kuthiwa ayahlukunyezwa, futhi abazali bangase ngiyofaka isikhalo ehhovisi lomshushisi.

Kuyini zokuhlukunyezwa kwezingane?

Sencazelo "ukuhlukunyezwa" kusho ukushaywa, ngokobulili, basebenzisa kabi ngokomzwelo noma ngokomzimba (isib, ukumemeza, ukuthukwa, ukuhlazeka). Ngo izinkulisa kuphula umthetho we plan onjalo ziyinsakavukela, nabafundisi cabanga evamile olumemeza izingane, ukubabiza amazwi amabi, ukhokhe ngempama. Ukube ubungezwa ukuthi abantu amalungelo ezingane ziphuliwe (zezibonelo zezimo izingane ezinjalo akukhona okungavamile ukuba likhithike), ukuthi isetshenziswa ingane umbhejazana, ukuhumusha saba esinye zasenkulisa.

Ingabe abazali ukuba bavikele izingane zasenkulisa?

Kuyinto abazali ungaba njengawo futhi kufanele siqinisekise ukuthi amalungelo ezingane ezisezikhungweni zasenkulisa izikhungo zemfundo kungukuthi i-. Lapho ekhetha omama enkulisa futhi obaba ziyadingeka ukuhlola ezingeni ziqu yothisha okuyinto bemqhuba izingane zabo. Uma umntwana ngemva kokuvakasha ngowokuqala enkulisa ekhaya Naughty, enqaba ukulala, okhalela asikho isizathu, lapho-ke umuzwa ukungakhululeki. Abazali kufanele eduze ukubukela umntwana, uma emva 3-4 izinsuku ayishintshi ngokuziphatha kwakhe okuhle, ukukhathazeka yanda, ukukhuluma nothisha. Uma lutho eshintsha emva ingxoxo, futhi ingane enqaba ukuya enkulisa, thola omunye zasenkulisa ngaye.

Yini abazali okufanele siyibuze?

Ungakhohlwa ngithande mithetho kamasipala yokutholwa olawulayo, cela ngalabo amakilasi, othisha abachitha sokuthuthukiswa lokusungula kanye intelligence lezingane zasenkulisa. Enkulisa, okuyinto uyakwazisa idumela layo, ubelokhu babebambisene nabazali bayo futhi ebabiza ukuvula isigaba, ukuze bakwazi ukubona indlela ukuthuthukisa ingane ukwazi ukuthi akhiwa amakhono phakathi imisebenzi yakhe yokudala.

Indlela abazali liziphathe uma ukuphula umthetho?

Okokuqala udinga ukusebenzisa ngokubhala inhloko enkulisa, umcele ukuba ayeke izenzo ezingekho emthethweni kwi ingxenye abasebenzi. Uma imiphumela emihle bengazitholi, xhumana ne isikhalazo ukuze umshushisi. Lesi sikhungo oyokwenziwa kuzomele yenze uphenyo lwangaphakathi, imiphumela yayo ngeke tshela abazali abakholelwa ukuthi amalungelo abo adicilelwe ngabasebenzi encane zasenkulisa.

Umsebenzi main - ukukhumbula ukuthi ingane iminyaka 2-3 ubudala ngeke bakwazi kudingeka bazibonele. Yiqiniso, namuhla izingane eziningi ngalesi yobudala Sebeyakwazi bukele i-TV ukuze opopayi ukubukela, noma "umbe" efonini kababa ephathekayo. Nokho, lokhu akusho ukuthi bazokwazi ukulwa emuva uthisha ukudelela, ukuthi futhi silwele ukuthethisa noma hit. Zama ukubuza ingane mayelana nezenzakalo zasensimini. Isikhathi esining impela, lapho ekhumbula izikhathi ezicacile iningi mnandi futhi singathandeki, ngakho into ukukutshela yona ngazo can. Ngemva kwalokho izinyathelo okusebenzayo Ungazindeli, ukuze ingane ayitholanga ukuhlukumezeka kwengqondo.