"Promedol": yokusetshenziswa. Khipha ifomu zomuthi, imithetho ukudayiswa Pharmacy

Ezinye izifo ngokuhlaselwa okunzima ubuhlungu, okuyinto angakwazi ukusingatha akubona bonke amaphilisi ezinhlungu. Ngakho-ke, zokwelapha kabanzi imithi ezihlobene analgesics opioid, ezidayiswa kuphela kadokotela. Omunye izidakamizwa ezifana iyi-ejenti "Promedol" ikhefu uyakwazi kuwo wonke amazinga obuntu isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko ukudluliswa interneuronal zobuhlungu amaza. Ukukhuluma agonist yokwamukela opioid ukulungiselela "Promedol" enza izingxenye zobuchopho, ukushintsha ubuhlungu obungokomzwelo. Ngu izakhiwo kwemithi afana nomuthi izidakamizwa "morphine" futhi "Fentanyl", liphinde kakhulu kwandisa uzwela ubuhlungu kwabantu, possesses umphumela isilinganiso soporific futhi umphumela ezivimbela ku ikhaliphe moya. Nokho, ngokungafani izidakamizwa amalungiselelo ezibalwe ngenhla "Promedol" ngaphansi engabangela imiphumela emibi efana nokuhlanza nesicanucanu, ngaphansi depresses kwezimila isikhungo kanye shchadjashche ngaphezulu has umphumela spasmolytic phezu ureter futhi bronchi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuqinisekisa abanye umsebenzi contractile futhi ithoni myometrium.

Dedela amafomu "Promedol" izidakamizwa futhi oyiyo

Ngaphandle kwe-isimo sethu analgesic "Promedol" unesinye ngamazwe engenzi nokuphathelene igama "trimeperidine hydrochloride", awusebenzisa njengenhlangano isithako asebenzayo izidakamizwa eziningi. Namuhla ukukhululwa zomuthi kuyehla kube izinhlobo ezintathu: amaphilisi, izitsha eziyisikhombisa nesipetu amashubhu. Eyokuqala zahlanganiswa ngo amaphakethe of izingcezu 10 futhi imithi Pharmacy, mithandazo ngokuya esetshenziswa kwizikhungo zezempilo ukuze umjovo iziguli. Isixazululo "promedol" ikhiqizwa nge lokuhlushwa 1% no 2% kanye iqukethe 0.01 noma 0.02 g ngokulandelana trimeperidine. Injected izidakamizwa phansi kwesikhumba, intramuscularly, futhi kwezinye izimo ezinzima ngemithambo yegazi. I isipetu-amashubhu elisetshenziswa izibhedlela ekhaya.

analgesic "Promedol" angaqokwa ngasiphi izifo?

Ukuze uthenge lesi sidakamizwa "Promedol" iresiphi kufanele etholakala udokotela ngubani uzokwazi ukubala umthamo efanele kwezidakamizwa futhi wenze indlela yokwelashwa. Izinkomba ngoba ethola izidakamizwa kungenzeka izifo ezihlukahlukene ephelezelwa ubuhlungu umfutho onamandla naphakathi. Kusukela isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene kuyinto peptic isilonda 12 isilonda duodenal nasesiswini, pancreatitis okungamahlalakhona, perforation we emphinjeni. Kungaba angabelwa amavesi athile ukuba lesi sidakamizwa "Promedol" nabantu uxilongwe izifo kohlelo genitourinary, okungukuthi, prostatitis acute, paranephritis, paraphimosis, dysuria oyingozi futhi imizimba angaphandle urethra futhi avikele ulwelwesi lwesinye. Le ndlela iphumelela kakhulu analgesic kwelashwa kanye isilethikusebenza, angina engazinzile, thrombosis we Umthambo hepatic, sokuhlaziya useshonile yomthambo i-aorta, embolism esitho imithambo yegazi yamaphaphu, infarction yamaphaphu, emoyeni embolism, pneumothorax nokuguqulwa futhi pleurisy oyingozi. Positive isenzo "promedolom" umphumela futhi ubuhlungu abantu neuritis acute, causalgia, ukufiphala kwamehlo sciatica, thalamic syndrome ne vesiculitis oyingozi. Ngenxa umphumela okusheshayo analgesic zomuthi isetshenziswa ngesikhathi ezibuhlungu eqinile, ukusha kanye nomdlavuza.

Ukusebenzisa "Promedol" kusho ebeletha

Zifakwe lokhu Analogue zokwenziwa kusho "morphine" enqubeni kulungiselelwa isiguli ezihlukahlukene ukungenelela kuhlinzwa, kanye ukuthuthukisa zabasebenzi. Osebenza njengokuvimbelayo antispasmodic esinamandla, ephumula wesibeletho, kanjalo ingqondo wokuvula yayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lesi sidakamizwa kuthinta esibelethweni okhulelweyo, abanye beqinisa ukunciphisa yayo, ngakho-ke, ngesivinini imisebenzi ejwayelekile. Ngokuvamile, umuthi "Promedol" ukubeletha phansi kwesikhumba evamile futhi intramuscularly ku buttock, hip noma ehlombe. Kuphela ezimweni ezingavamile, lapho ukuphila kusengozini kwengane, ukubeletha ke ungafaka ngemithambo yegazi. umphumela analgesic emva umjovo ebonakaliswa imizuzu 10-15, okwathi ngemva kwalokho owesifazane angeke lulama kancane futhi ubelethe ingane ngendlela ephephile.

Imiphumela ukusetshenziswa kwezimali ngesikhathi sokubeletha "Promedol"

Ngokuvamile, lokhu analgesic zokwenziwa kubhekwe ephephile ngoba umama nengane ngesikhathi sokubeletha, kodwa ungakhohlwa mayelana ubuntu zomzimba womuntu. Ngakho-ke, abanye abesifazane babe ukubonakaliswa amathuba okuba nemiphumela engemihle lokhu imithi, njenge isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, futhi ekunqandeni ka ikhaliphe moya. Kufanele ikhumbule yokuthi lesi sidakamizwa "imiyalelo Promedol 'ukusetshenziswa kuqinisekisiwe, kuba ngokushesha okukhulu singena igazi, ngisho nalapho iqondiswa phansi kwesikhumba, kanye emakamu esiphezulu kufinyelelwe ngemuva kwamahora 2-2.5. Ngakho-ke, kakade emva kwemizuzu 2-3 emva umjovo we umama wengane ithola analgesic kwezidakamizwa ngokusebenzisa Umthambo enkabeni, okuyinto izoboniswa emzimbeni walo izikhathi 7 kancane kuka e unina. Ngemva kokuzalwa kuka abantwana kancane encishisiwe umsebenzi zokuphefumula, ukucobeka, acasulwe ubala, futhi ngokuvamile abafuni isifuba. Lezi imvuthu ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila kwabo nayo zidinga usizo olukhudlwana neonatologists ekhethekile, njengoba kungase kudingeke, isibonelo, umuntu afakwe emishinini yokuphefumula noma ezinye izindlela ukuze ukuzinza zokuphila izinqubo.

Ukusebenzisa "Promedol" izidakamizwa e anaesthesiology

Esinye isici esibangela imithi lapho imithi "Promedol" atholakala isicelo yayo lesibanti kungumhlahlandlela izinzwa. Ngoba umuntu premedication iqondiswa intramuscularly noma phansi kwesikhumba 1.2 ml isixazululo of izinzwa lihambisana 0.5 mg izidakamizwa "atropine" cishe imizuzu 30-40 ngaphambi kokuba uhlinzwe. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, uma isiguli esiphuthumayo ukupholisa, le mithi iphathwa ngemithambo yegazi. Phakathi ukuhlinzwa umuntu ngaphansi izinzwa, njengoba ngemithamo ehlukene iqondiswa lokhu izidakamizwa ukuthuthukisa analgesia, okuyinto enomthelela usimamise blood pressure kanye kunciphisa tachycardia. Ngokuba jikelele kanye lendawo izinzwa imithi "Promedol" e ampoules ukusetshenziswa ne anticholinergic, antihistamine, futhi antipsychotics. ezisetshenziswa lihambisana neuroleptics kanye nomuthi "Droperidol" Ngoba analgesia emaphakathi. isikhathi postoperative kwezinye iziguli sidlula ngaphandle ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa analgesic phansi kwesikhumba iqondiswa okudambisa ubuhlungu futhi njengoba protivoshokovoe izindlela.

Izimo

Sebenzisa noma iyiphi imithi ngaphandle kadokotela kuyingozi, izidakamizwa kwezidakamizwa ikakhulukazi ezifana analgesic "Promedol". ku isicelo yalo Mhlahlandlela izinzwa has eziningi Izimo, okuyinto sonke isikhathi kufanele ufunde ngaphambi kokuqala reception. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa ukwelapha lesi imithi akudingekile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, lactation, abantu asebekhulile kanye Kiddies isikhathi esingaba iminyaka emibili. Futhi uchaza uhlu olude izifo lapho esebenzisa "Promedol" ungangemuki eziyingozi kuphela kodwa ngokuphelele bengayi. Ukuze lolu hlu zihlanganisa hypersensitivity kuya izidakamizwa, ukucindezeleka zokuphefumula, izifo, izinkinga ababa nazo igazi ekunqandeni, uhudo ngenxa yesifo pseudomembranous kubangelwa lincosamides, cephalosporins, penicillins noma ukuhlakazwa anobuthi. Kufanele ayeke ukuthatha izidakamizwa futhi ngesikhatsi ukwelashwa nge Mao inhibitor, kanye izinsuku ezingu-21 ngemva reception yabo. Ngokucophelela okukhulu, lokhu izidakamizwa kumele kusetshenziswe ubuhlungu esiswini omsakazo engaziwa, isifuba somoya bronchial, arrhythmia, ukuquleka, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, nokuvaleka kwemigudu yokuphefumula, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, myxedema, izinso, ukwehluleka adrenal futhi hepatic, i-hypothyroidism, CNS ukucindezeleka, umfutho wegazi ophakeme intracranial, ukuvuvukala ezinzima izifo emathunjini.

imiphumela emibi izidakamizwa

Ikhumbula nobunye bomuntu ngamunye ezinhlelo emzimbeni womuntu, kuphephile ukusho ukuthi iyiphi, ngisho imithi nephephile kungabangela ukusabela okuhlukahlukene ezingezinhle. Futhi uma sicabangela kwezidakamizwa analgesic "Promedol" iresiphi okungenza kuphela etholakala nge udokotela, uhlu lwakhe Izimo ngisho isikhathi eside. Ngakho, ukusabela pheshana emathunjini kule umuthi spasm ipheshana biliary, ukuhlanza, isicanucanu, nomlomo owomile, ukuqunjelwa, nokuzincisha ukudla. Uma umuntu ethola ukuthi unesifo ukuvuvukala acute wokugaya ukudla, uhlu ngenhla ungakwazi ukwengeza ileus kofé uhlangothi, jaundice kanye megacolon anobuthi. Abanye abantu abathatha izidakamizwa, "ukudlubulunda 'bangase bazizwe kwezitho isimiso sezinzwa. Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise angaboni kahle, isiyezi, diplopia, ikhanda, Ukudlikizela, okungalindelekile imisipha Kufinyeta, ukundindizela, ukudideka, ukozela, bajabula, disorientation, ukucindezeleka, tinnitus, ukuyaluza ayindida, nezinye izifo. Ukucindezelwa izidakamizwa "Promedol" umgudu wokuphefumula kungathikameza kakhulu isimo lesiguli wezempilo kuholele inkinga uthi ezihlukahlukene, ngisho ikhoma. Ezinye iziguli ababesebenzisa izidakamizwa "Promedol" Izibuyekezo ukukhombisa ukubonakaliswa ebonakalayo arrhythmia, kanye nokushintshashintsha abukhali wegazi. Ukuhluleka ngenkathi ngokuthatha izidakamizwa futhi urinary isistimu ingakwazi engaveza e lehla umchamo okukhipha kanye nokugcinwa urinary. Zokwelapha, futhi kuba khona imiphumela eminingi engemihle njengezindlela ekusebenziseni izindlela "Promedol" Kutholwe ngesimo komzimba ezifana laryngospasm, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, edema, bronchospasm, nabanye. Ngisho ezimweni lapho ukusabela ngenhla umzimba akuyona ubonakalisiwe, ngesikhathi ethatha lesi sidakamizwa "Promedol" imfundo manual eqala ukubonakala yamaphaphu komzimba okufana isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, nobuthakathaka jikelele zomzimba.

Overdose kanye nemiphumela nokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa "Promedol"

Lapho isicelo engalungile zomuthi noma imithamo olungalungile kubalwa ikhumbula zonke izici nesineke imiphumela angaba kakhulu. Zokwelapha kwakukhona amacala lapho ukweqisa izidakamizwa is akugcinanga ngokwandisa kobukhulu emibi, kodwa isiguli ukucindezeleka ukwazi, kwatholakala ukuthi nginesifo amajaqamba oyingozi.

Isenzo okulungile ukweqisa izidakamizwa

Imisebenzi esemqoka wokubuyiselwa womuntu ukweqisa izidakamizwa "Promedol" izidakamizwa kumele kusetshenziswe ukusekela umsebenzi yamaphaphu ezanele lihambisana yokwelapha lingaze. Ukuze wenze lokhu, le intramuscularly nesineke noma ngemithambo yegazi zaphathwa a omelene opioid izidakamizwa "Naloxone" ethize, okumele ngokushesha ukubuyisela isikhungo zokuphefumula. Uma emva kwemizuzu 2-3 nomphumela ofiselekayo lwenzeke, umjovo yesibili.

Imigomo ukudayiswa izidakamizwa kanye nezimo isitoreji

Shiya izidakamizwa Pharmacy lalolo kwenzeka kuphela inani zokupheka musa idlule Yiqiniso okukodwa okuphelele yokwelashwa. Ngokuqondene isitoreji analgesic isidakamizwa "Promedol" imfundo manual ichaza ngokusobala ukuhambisana zonke izimo. Ikakhulukazi iqiniso lokuthi izidakamizwa kumele sibe kude nezingane kuncike lokushisa akazidluli ngalutho + 15 ° C.