Kulahleke yesistimu yokusebenza: ukuthi benzeni nephutha?

Omunye ezingemnandi neze futhi abangele ashaqeka lo imilayezo yomsebenzisi lapho uhlelo lokusebenza kwavela black screen umugqa yesistimu yokusebenza engekho. Yini c 'nbv, ungazi konke, eqinisweni, kubonakala sengathi izolo noma ikhompyutha yakho ephathekayo wasebenza ngokuphelele emihle, futhi lutho kanje engakaze waphawula. Kodwa ungalilahli ithemba. Yiqiniso, inkinga, futhi ingase ibe mibi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi imigomo umonakalo emzimbeni idrayivu kanzima, kodwa ezimweni eziningi, uma ukwehluleka ongakaphathelani disk hard, kungenzeka yokugudluza amasu ambalwa ezingeyona inkimbinkimbi.

Download: Kulahleke ukusebenza uhlelo. Lisho ukuthini leli phutha?

Okokuqala, amazwi ambalwa mayelana neqiniso lokuthi konke lokhu onamandla wokuba isehluleki. Njengoba wazi, computer has a drive kanzima kwasekuqaleni, uhlelo ukwahlukanisa ekhethekile lapho efakwe kusistimu yokusebenza uqobo, futhi okwesibili, - ebhuthini ukwahlukanisa futhi ukurekhoda, okuyinto banesibopho kuqale uhlelo lokusebenza.

Ngakho, yini okufanele uyenze ne engekho yesistimu yokusebenza? Ake nje ukuhumushela lolu yezinhlamvu. Uma thina uqhubeke kusukela kuhunyushwa, kusho ukulahlekelwa yesistimu yokusebenza. Ngamanye amazwi, i-computer lifinyelela irekhodi ebhuthini, ngqo Loader ukuqalisa futhi yesistimu futhi efakwe OS uthola. Kungani?

Kuphi uhlelo ukusebenza? Kulahleke yesistimu yokusebenza: izimbangela ukwehluleka

Ngempela, lapho siphunyuke uhlelo lokusebenza, uma umsebenzisi akanakho kabusha, musa ukususa amafayela system kanye akusho ukukhiqiza noma isiphi isinyathelo okuthi, ngokombono wakhe, okungase kuthinte ukusebenza kohlelo lokusebenza? Ngeshwa, ezimweni eziningi, le umbono unephutha. Iqiniso lokuthi uhlelo uqobo banawo ukwehluleka, kwamandla umsebenzisi.

Kodwa ake sithi umsebenzisi ubona kuyi-computer ekuqaleni engekho yesistimu yokusebenza umugqa. Okufanele ukwenze nge nephutha - ke kuyoba sobala ngemva kokuthola izizathu ivela khona. Futhi phakathi kwabo njengoba main yilezi ezilandelayo:

• ayilungile kulungiselelwa ukuqalisa kuqala BIOS;
• Amapharamitha elingalungile HDD Ukuqalisa imodi;
• amaphutha drive kanzima;
• umonakalo Loader futhi ukuqalisa imikhakha;
• Gqoka drive kanzima;
• umthelela amagciwane.

Ukuxazulula nge izilungiselelo BIOS

Enye yezinkinga ezivamile ngokungalungile setha ebhuthini kuqala, futhi abasebenzisi eziningi nje ekhohlwa yiso. Mhlawumbe ngesikhathi sokugcina umsebenzisi wayedlala nje umdlalo nokusetshenziswa abezindaba esikhiphekayo (isib, i-DVD), ungalungiselela BIOS «landizela» ngokwabo, owazi ...

Kodwa emuva alikho iphutha yesistimu yokusebenza. Okufanele ukwenze esimweni elula? Kuyadingeka uma uqala ukusebenzisa ukhiye noma inhlanganisela okhiye bese ufaka eyinhloko-I / O uhlelo, okuthiwa i-BIOS.

Lapha udinga ukuthola ukwahlukanisa ukuqalisa (ngokuvamile ngokuthi Boot, Boot Ukulandelana, Boot Priority, noma ngisho nakanye kule umoya) bese nibheka oda amadivayisi kusuka okwakwenza isiqalo yesistimu yokusebenza. Ake sithi kulabo abangamashumi kuqala uhlu efakwe DVD-ROM (optical yeflophidiski), owesibili wadalula esikhiphekayo ye-USB kudivayisi, futhi kuphela yesithathu HDD hard drive kuhambisana (Hard Drive).

Ake sithi, okwamanje e idrayivu ye disc optical akuyona (noma akulona disk uhlelo sifakwe, isibonelo, nge umdlalo) noma ye-USB port USB flash drive sifakwe, futhi, akuyona ukusatshalaliswa oqalisekayo, kanye namafayela njalo. It kuvela ukuthi lezi abezindaba noma amarekhodi ebhuthini, noma ukuqalisa Loader ngokwayo, ingasaphathwa-operating system kukhona okungalungile, ekugcineni okwaba kuholela ukubukeka imigqa Kulahleke yesistimu yokusebenza. Okufanele ukwenze esimweni esinjalo? Ukuhluka kungenzeka ezimbili: kuphakathi kokuthi ukususa zonke abezindaba esikhiphekayo futhi ukukhiqiza ukuqalisa phansi, noma usethe njengoba amadivayisi HDD lokuqala (BIOS 1-st Boot ngokushesha Kudivayisi evame ukusetshenziswa PgUp / PgDown okhiye, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nezinye inhlanganisela for ezihamba HDD umugqa ephansi esikhundleni esiphakeme). Ngemva kokulondoloza izilungiselelo ngokucindezela F10 (Londoloza futhi uphume), bese uqinisekisa yokulondoloza ongakhetha (Y noma OK), uzobe kabusha. Uma inkinga kwaba kuleli, uzoshabalala.

Endabeni ezedlulele zokuphathwa izindlela Sata HDD ingafakwa asibekela ipharamitha esikhundleni IDE AHCI, ngezinye izikhathi aqede inkinga.

Hard Izinkinga Drayivu

izinto zibe zimbi nakakhulu lapho imbangela eyinhloko idrayivu kanzima uqobo. Kungenzeka ukuthi kuleli cala bangase bavele engekho yesistimu yokusebenza umugqa. Yini okumelwe uyenze? Nalapha futhi, kungaba eziningana, kuye ngohlobo lwenkinga.

Asiqale nge okubi kakhulu - lapho hard drive isigugile, noma njengoba ibizwa, waqala ukuwa. ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka ukulungisa inkinga, kodwa njengendlela yokugcina, ungazama ukwenza idrayivu ukunakekelwa kanzima khudlwana Umbuso indawo HDD Regenerator, okuyinto kusolakala uyakwazi magnetization-Goal hard drive.

Sebenzisa Shell

Kodwa uma idrayivu kanzima, "ukuphila", ungakwazi kuqala hlola amaphutha, bese enze ukululama boot loader, noma ngisho isula ngokuphelele ebhuthini wemboni.

Ngenxa yale njongo-boot ngasiphi ukufakwa noma ukunciphisa yenethiwekhi wesifunda e-BIOS ukubeka imingcele yayo yidivayisi lokuqala, futhi kubangele umugqa umyalo (ngokuvamile Shift inhlanganisela + F10 ukuze ube nokufinyelela okulula noma yezinto GUI imenyu).

Okokuqala ihlola idrayivu kanzima amaphutha ukulungiswa othomathikhi. Ngenxa yalesi umyalo wangena chkdsk c: / x / f / r, bese eveza umugqa Loader yokutakula bootrec.exe / fix MBR futhi bootrec.exe / fixboot.

Ungabese uzame ukuba ivuleke uhlelo ngemuva kokukhipha abezindaba esikhiphekayo.

Uma lokhu kungasebenzi, full isula ukuqalisa wemboni, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi ku-console umyalo (futhi, uma ukuqala kusuka abezindaba esikhiphekayo) ebekiwe umugqa bootrec.exe / rebuildbcd. Kodwa le ndlela cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi kuyasiza.

izenzo eziningi

Ngomqondo onabile, inkulumo ephakeme zazibhekwa izixazululo eyisisekelo, okukuvumela ukuba avuselele ukulayisha uhlelo lokusebenza uma inkinga angahambisani okhandlayo umonakalo disk. Nokho, into kuphela lokho kungase kungabi elinganiselwe. Iqiniso lokuthi ezinye amagciwane ingabagulisa ukubonakala ezimweni ezinjalo.

Kulokhu, it is kakhulu Kunconywa ukuhlola lonke uhlelo kukhompyutha ngoba khona izinsongo, usebenzisa inhlangano ezifana Kaspersky Rescue Disk noma ukuthuthukiswa efanayo nguDkt I-Web. Badinga ukuba ebhaliwe abezindaba esikhiphekayo, futhi wabasebenzisa njengezinceku idivayisi lokuqala ukuba ivuleke (banayo ukuqalisa yabo irekhodi). Izinsiza ezinjalo, ngendlela, bayakwazi ukubona ngisho nalabo amagciwane ezifihliwe ngokujulile ukuthi scanner ezivamile abasebenzi noma uhlelo ikhambi yokusebenza sidlulile.