Caves Russia: ziyini

Caves - a imiphini zemvelo, izimbotshana nemithombo ezingavela idwala ngokwengxenye encibilikayo. Sinenkosi imingcele ecacile futhi nemengamo ezimangelengele akhiwa ngenxa wokulinganisa namathempeli ngokhonkolo namatshe. Ezindaweni lapho ubusika abandayo, umoya abandayo ingena womhume kukhona amile, ngakho ngisho ehlobo lokushisa air iseduze zero. Futhi phezu izindonga nophahla wawuyingxenye kuqweqwe obandayo, elilengayo futhi stalagmites. Kungur Ice Cave, ise Perm esifundeni, omunye edume kakhulu nekusuka kulenkhulu kakhulu emihumeni isiRashiya, ihamba ubude cishe ayisithupha amakhilomitha. Kutholwe ngaphakathi sentaba ezineqhwa ibhange kwesokudla lomfula Sylva.

Lapho emihumeni kwakhiwa overlie ezifana amatshe ezifana limestone kanye Gypsum, wokulinganisa, dolomite, zemabula usawoti. Kukhona amanzi emvula ngokwanele futhi ukuphakama. Caves aqukethe mpo izikhala, imithombo, imiphini, amavesi enalokho kuthambekela, ematsheni, amahholo futhi labyrinths. On izindonga ophahleni ukuhlangabezana stalagnates, stalagmites, elilengayo, amaconsi Sinter-kwakhiwa futhi capillary ulwelwesi helictites, futhi crystallictites corallites. Ekujuleni emihumeni ageleza emifuleni komhlaba, izimpophoma, amachibi kwamiswa "zaberegami" olunothile. Ukuze emihumeni elinesimo microclimate okhethekile. Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i speleofauna ngenxa yokuntuleka kwelanga kanye emakamu eliphezulu-carbon dioxide. lokushisa air ngaphakathi njalo futhi ilingana lokushisa kwemini endaweni ukuze ngazo eduze.

Engxenyeni eseningizimu yezintaba zase-Ural, ensimini ka Bashkortostan, kuyinto umhume Shulgan-Tash. Ngo-1950, iSoviet umvubukuli A. Ryumin wafunda emhumeni. Yena zathola idwala imidwebo cishe isigamu sekhilomitha. Image obhejane, mammoth, inyathi namahhashi enziwa nge ocher. Igodi isidumbu, amathambo isilwane, namalahle show ukuthi kwakukhona abantu abangaphezu kuka-nane nengxenye abantu eminyakeni eyinkulungwane edlule. Manje Museum yakhiwe ngaphakathi emhumeni.

emihumeni Russian baningi. Bona kungatholakala e-Eastern Sayan Izintaba ku namadlelo. Zonke emihumeni nedlelo ukuba zinesiqalo yokufakelwa. Phakathi kwekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili kulezi zindawo thina wathatha itshe ukuze kwakhiwe eMoscow. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi omunye uhamba behluleka, omunye kwakhiwa amaphutha kanye waphuka. Okwamanje Podmoskovnye emihumeni kude ubude eCaucasus. Bona ukuheha izazi kanye nezivakashi. Abantu ozama kukhanye up izinsuku grey, lapho lokugubha izinsuku zokuzalwa, imishado kanye nezinye imikhosi. ukuziphatha okungafanele emgodini ngezinye izikhathi kuholela nemiphumela eyinhlekelele. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-zokungena kwi-inkwali ugcwele yiziphathimandla.

Muva nje, emihumeni waqala ukuba esetshenziselwa ukwenza umuthi. microclimate yabo lunezakhi zokwelapha for somoya abanale nkinga. Izinga eliphezulu radioactivity futhi ionization lomoya nasemihumeni nomphumela ozuzisayo ohlelweni sezinzwa futhi senhliziyo. Speleoclimatic egumbini lokuqala sihlomile sihlelelwe sanatoriums "Kama" futhi "Malachite" kuleli yokungcebeleka Ust-Kachka.